Dynamics of the Legislation of the Aceh Jinayat Qanun in the Perspective of Hadith: An Analysis of Contextual Normative Relations
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Abstract
This article critically analyzes the relationship between hadith and Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law within Indonesia's constitutional framework. Focusing on three key offenses zinā, khalwah, and qadhf this study maps how hadiths narrated by al-Bukhārī, Muslim, Abū Dāwūd, and al-Tirmidhī are articulated through madhhab jurisprudence into Aceh’s positive law. Methodologically, this research employs a qualitative-normative approach, combining statutory analysis, comparative methods, hadith criticism (naqd al-ḥadīth of sanad and matn), and a maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah framework. The research findings indicate the hadith-Qanun relationship is non-linear, forming three distinct configurations: adaptive divergence in zinā (bypassing the stoning narration for national legal harmonization), preventive expansion in khalwah (elevating the sadd al-dharī‘ah norm into an independent criminal offense), and normative convergence in qadhf (directly adopting the ḥudūd sanction of 80 lashes for legal certainty).These variations demonstrate that Aceh’s legislation is not merely classical fiqh transplantation, but rather a form of institutional ijtihād. It represents a collective deliberation by state and religious institutions negotiating hadith legitimacy with maqāṣid, local social needs, and national legal harmonization. Theoretically, this study offers a typology of normative-contextual hadith–qanun relations, illuminating how Islamic law undergoes transformation from classical scholarly authority into the legislative arena of the modern state
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