SIMBOL KEKERASAN POLITIK DI IRAK ERA KEPEMIMPINAN SADDAM HUSSEIN DALAM NOVEL UKHRUJ MINHA YA MAL’UN KARYA SADDAM HUSSEIN (KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/hijai.v2i1.6474Abstract
Penelitian ini berjudul simbol kekerasan politik di Irak era kepemimpinan Saddam Hussein dalam novel Ukhruj Minha Ya Mal’un Karya Saddam Hussein. Saddam Hussein adalah seorang presiden di negara Irak sekaligus sastrawan yang hebat. Ia menggunakan karya sastra sebagai alat pengkritik untuk melawan kekerasan-kekerasan yang dilakukan musuhnya. Seperti dalam novel Ukhruj Minha Ya Mal’un yang didalamnya banyak menceritakan kelicikan dan kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh musuhnya yaitu Amerika. Ia juga menciptakan beberapa karya sastra diantaranya novel yang berjudul Zabibah Wa al-Mulk, al-Qal’ah al-Hashinah, Rijal Wa Madinah dan Ukhruj Minha Ya Mal’un. Maka dari itu, peneliti menggunakan novel sebagai objek dalam penelitian ini.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami simbol kekerasan politik di Irak era kepemimpinan Saddam Hussein dan mendeskripsikan makna kekerasan politik yang terdapat dalam novel Ukhruj Minha Ya Mal’un karya Saddam Hussein. Sehingga dalam novel tersebut, dapat diketahui variasi kekerasan politik yang disimbolkan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan sesuai dengan hasil menelaah dan mengkaji sumber data yang didapatkan dari novel Ukhruj Minha Ya Mal’un. Sedangkan kajian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep triadik Semiotika Charles S. Peirce, yaitu mengungkap Representamen (R), Objek (O), serta Interpretan (I).
Berdasarkan analisis, penelitian ini ditemukan 20 data yang memberikan simbol-simbol kekerasan politik, diantaranya: (1) kekerasan tidak langsung (indirect violence); (2) kekerasan alienatif (alienative violence); (3) kekerasan refresif (represif violence); (4) peperangan; (5) revolusi. Kekerasan politik adalah suatu kondisi yang sangat tidak ingin dihadapi oleh sebagian besar dari masyarakat serta hanya menguntungkan bagi elit politik saja. Karena hal itu, dengan adanya analisis ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk menjadi dasar dalam mengenal dan mengetahui variasi dari kekerasan politik yang biasa terjadi disekelilingnya.Â
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