The explanation of muwālāt in Zuhaily’s exegesis “al Tafsir al munir”

Abstract

One of the crucial contemporary issues of Islamic thought that has brought complicated situation in Muslims states, on the one hand, and between Muslims and non-Muslims on the other hand, is the issue of muwÄlÄt. The literal understanding of muwÄlÄt has caused profound problems in human societies, especially in the multi-religion countries. This research clarifies the meaning of loyalty in the Qur’Än based on al-Zuḥayli’s exegesis by using analytical -inductive method. The present study also elucidates Al-Zuḥayli’s point of view towards spiritual muwÄlÄt and humane social muwÄlÄt in the Quran.Hence, the study reveals fruitful findings and output, indicating that al-Zuḥayli separated muwÄlÄt to three categories; prohibited muwÄlÄt, muwÄlÄt that causes infidelity, and muwÄlÄt which means nice cohabitation with others. Also, the study explores that al-Zuḥayli believes that the principle in relations with Non-Muslims is based on peace. Furtheremore, al-Zuḥayli pointed out that muwÄlÄt is permissible when it benefits Muslim society and Non- Muslim are not fighting with or betraying Muslims. Also the study presents that al-Zuḥayli has distinguished between muwÄlÄt that means monotheism and worshiping God, and other types of muwÄlÄt.