PENGARUH TIGA JENIS INSEKTISIDA KARBAMAT TERHADAP KEMATIAN DAN BOBOT TUBUH CACING Eisenia fetida
Abstract
Penelitian tentang toksikologi lingkungan di daerah tropis masih sedikit yang meneliti tentang pengaruh pestisida terhadap ekosistem dalam tanah. Beberapa organisme dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator tercemarnya suatu lingkungan. Di antara organisme tersebut adalah cacing tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek dari residu pestisida terhadap tingkat mortalitas dan pertumbuhan dari cacing tanah yang umum ditemukan pada sistem pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis insektisida berbahan aktif karbamat yang diujikan ke Eisenia fetida, yaitu Karbofuran 3%, Karbosulfan 200, 11 g/l dan BiPhenil Methil Carbamate (BPMC) 500 g/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kematian tertinggi dari cacing tanah E. fetida diperoleh pada konsentrasi 300 mg/kg untuk semua jenis insektisida. Begitu juga dengan bobot tubuhnya, dimana bobot tubuh cacing tanah E. fetida mengalami penurunan yang paling tinggi pada konsentrasi 300 mg/kg untuk semua jenis insektisida. Morfologi yang ditunjukkan akibat keracunan insektisida pada umumnya yaitu kulit menjadi terdegradasi dan pecah, klitelium pecah serta menyusut.Hasil analisa probit menunjukkan LC 50 dari ketiga jenis insektida tersebut menunjukkan nilai yang berbeda-beda. LC 50 untuk insektisida BPMC memiliki toksisitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dua jenis insektisida lainnya yaitu sebesar 169,82 mg/kg. Insektisida karbosulfan memiliki nilai LC 50 173,78 mg/kg, sedangkan insektisida karbofuran memiliki nilai LC 50 paling rendah yaitu sebesar 188,21 mg/kg.References
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