Enhancing EFL Speaking Fluency and Confidence through ChatGPT Voice in Contextual Learning at Madrasah Aliyah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i1.54377Keywords:
AI in education, ChatGPT, Classroom Action Research, Contextual Teaching and Learning, Scaffolding, speaking fluencyAbstract
English-speaking fluency still constitutes a challenge for Indonesian students, especially owing to a lack of proper practice environments. To cater to the problem, a study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of the implementation of Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) combined with ChatGPT Voice technology. Grounded on the tenets based on Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory, along with the principles of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), the research paper explores a teaching approach incorporating AI-based scaffolding in linking theoretical foundations of education from the classrooms towards its application in practical contexts. The research undertaken for improvement used a classroom-based action research method on a sample population of 20 students of Grade XI from Madrasah Aliyah Subang. Findings drawn from quantifiable research showed a pronounced improvement in the mean scores of the students, from 68.2 to 83.5. Findings drawn from the qualitative approach showed lowered foreign language anxieties among students, along with improved levels of self-confidence owing to private, non-threatening AI-based interactions. Fluency in English speaking continues to be a problem for Indonesian learners, which is mainly because of a real-life application setting for enhanced proficiency. In an effort to create a setting where learning can take place, this paper tries to analyze a learning design using an application of contextual teaching through ChatGPT Voice technology. This paper uses a classroom research design for action analysis with a class of 20 grade XI students in Madrasah Aliyah Subang. This study found a significant increase in class mean scores, which improved from 68.2 to 83.5. In regard to the qualitative analysis, it can be determined that odds in a private setting with low stakes due to interaction with an artificial intelligence system reduced IIF (Indonesian International Friendship) language fluencies in class. Based on these analyses, it can be therefore determined that through a joint use of a contextual learning tool with an artificial intelligence system in an Indonesian class setting study, enhanced levels of proficiency can be achieved.
References
Aini, Y., Lan, S., & Wei, N. (2025). Leveraging Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning in Task-Based Language Teaching: enhancing Chinese language acquisition with AI-driven feedback systems. Journal of Education and Educational Policy Studies, 3(2), 46–50. https://doi.org/10.54254/3049-7248/2025.22204
Al hamdani, D., & Yousif, J. H. (2025). Artificial Intelligence Revolution for Enhancing Modern Education Using Zone of Proximal Development Approach. Applied Computing Journal, 386–398. https://doi.org/10.52098/acj.20255239
Almelhes, S. A. (2023). A Review of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Second-Language Learning. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(5), 1259–1269. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1305.21
Annisa, S. (2015). Teaching Speaking in English Using Contextual Teaching and Learning. English Education Journal, 6, 497–510.
Anwar, M. N., Mushtaq, N., Mubeen, A., & Iqbal, M. (2024). The Power of ZPD: Enhancing Teaching and Learning. Journal of Education and Social Studies, 5(2), 396–405. https://doi.org/10.52223/jess.2024.5220
Aryanti, R. D., & Santosa, M. H. (2024). A Systematic Review on Artificial Intelligence Applications for Enhancing EFL Students’ Pronunciation Skill. The Art of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TATEFL), 5(1), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.36663/tatefl.v5i1.718
Balla, F. R. C., & Valdiviezo Ramírez, E. A. (2025). Redefining Speaking Practice Through ChatGPT’s Voice Conversation: Towards Autonomous and Personalized Practice. Pacha. Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos Del Sur Global, 6(18), e250430. https://doi.org/10.46652/pacha.v6i18.430
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control (W. H. Freeman (trans.)).
Boateng, A., Wang, Y., Ntim, C. G., & Elmagrhi, M. (2024). Institutions and corruption relationship: Evidence from African countries. Journal of International Management, 30(3), 101136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2024.101136
Bohang, M. B. A., Khartha, A., Alfian, H., Marhamah, M., Reskiawan, B., Hustiana, H., & Mustari, S. H. (2025). Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) In Offline Settings: Enhancing Business English Fluency For Women Entrepreneurs Through Real-World Scenarios. KLASIKAL : JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, LANGUAGE TEACHING AND SCIENCE, 7(1), 303–315. https://doi.org/10.52208/klasikal.v7i1.1289
Cai, L., Msafiri, M. M., & Kangwa, D. (2025). Exploring the impact of integrating AI tools in higher education using the Zone of Proximal Development. Education and Information Technologies, 30(6), 7191–7264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13112-0
Carrera Nuñez, A. A., Carrera Nuñez, M. S., Zambrano Pachay, J. F. Z. P., & Carrera Bosquez, A. M. C. B. (2025). Using ChatGPT Voice to Improve Speaking Skills in English Language Learners. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 9(1), 7143–7161. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v9i1.16390
Celik, B., Yildiz, Y., & Kara, S. (2025). Using ChatGPT as a Virtual Speaking Tutor to Boost EFL Learners’ Speaking Self-Efficacy. Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 8(1), 102418. https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v8n1.102418
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017). Research Methods in Education (8th ed.).
Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
Derakhshan, A., & Ghiasvand, F. (2024). Is ChatGPT an evil or an angel for second language education and research? A phenomenographic study of research‐active EFL teachers’ perceptions. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 34(4), 1246–1264. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12561
Derwing, T. M., & Munro, M. J. (2015). Pronunciation Fundamentals: Evidence-Based Perspectives for L2 Teaching and Research. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Dethan, Y. D., & Modok, R. H. (2024). Keefektifan Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa [The Effectiveness of Using the Contextual Teaching and Learning Model in Improving Students’ English Learnin. Bilingual : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.36985/jbl.v6i1.1204 [In Indonesian]
Ding, D., & Muhyiddin B Yusof, A. (2025). Investigating the role of AI-powered conversation bots in enhancing L2 speaking skills and reducing speaking anxiety: a mixed methods study. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 1223. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05550-z
Fathi, J., Rahimi, M., & Derakhshan, A. (2024). Improving EFL learners’ speaking skills and willingness to communicate via artificial intelligence-mediated interactions. System, 121, 103254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103254
Fauzi, I., Hartono, R., Rukmini, D., & Pratama, H. (2025). AI Applications for EFL Learners: Enhancing Speaking Performance and Reducing Anxiety with Gender-Based Analysis. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(9). https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i9.10192
Fauziyah, F., Ida Royani, Adis Triawan, M. Ibnu Nabil, & Niken Kencono Ungu. (2024). Implementation Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Speaking Skill. Journal of Language Education (JoLE), 2(4), 328–332. https://doi.org/10.69820/jole.v2i4.177
Feng, L. (2025). Investigating the Effects of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Language Learning Strategies on Cognitive Load and Learning Outcomes: A Comparative Study. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 62(8), 1741–1774. https://doi.org/10.1177/07356331241268349
Garcia Jr., F. V., Pascual, N. F., Sybingo, M. E., & Ong, E. (2024). Addressing Public Speaking Anxiety with an AI Speech Coach. International Conference on Computers in Education. https://doi.org/10.58459/icce.2024.4955
Gok, D., Bozoglan, H., & Bozoglan, B. (2023). Effects of online flipped classroom on foreign language classroom anxiety and reading anxiety. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 36(4), 840–860. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1950191
Hana Yulinda Fithriyani, & Puput Dewi Anggraeni. (2025). Contextual Teaching and Learning: A Practical Approach to Improving Hospitality Students’ Speaking Skills. Sintaksis : Publikasi Para Ahli Bahasa Dan Sastra Inggris, 3(2), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.61132/sintaksis.v3i2.1514
Hashemifardnia, A., & Kooti, M. (2025). AI-Mediated Language Learning and EFL Learners’ Self-Confidence, Self-Regulation, Well-Being, and L2 Motivation: A Mixed Method Study. English Education Journal, 16(2), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.24815/eej.v16i2.45696
Hou, L. (2025). Unboxing the intersections between self‐esteem and academic mindfulness with test emotions, psychological wellness and academic achievement in artificial intelligence‐supported learning environments: Evidence from English as a foreign language learners. British Educational Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4146
Huang, F., Wang, Y., & Zhang, H. (2024). Modelling Generative scp AI/scp Acceptance, Perceived Teachers’ Enthusiasm and Self‐Efficacy to English as a Foreign Language Learners’ Well‐Being in the Digital Era. European Journal of Education, 59(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12770
Huang, J. (2024). Enhancing EFL Speaking Feedback with ChatGPT’s Voice Prompts. International Journal of TESOL Studies. https://doi.org/10.58304/ijts.20240302
Isaac, M., Ateeq, M., Hafizh, H., Hu, B., & Shodipo, D. (2023). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence with Zone of Proximal Development: An ARCS Motivational E-Learning Model. 2023 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/TALE56641.2023.10398344
Johnson, E. B. (2002). Contextual Teaching and Learning: What it is and why it’s here to stay. Corwin Press.
Karataş, F., Abedi, F. Y., Gunyel, F. O., Karadeniz, D., & Kuzgun, Y. (2024). Incorporating AI in Foreign Language Education: An Investigation Into ChatGPT’s Effect on Foreign Language Learners. Education and Information Technologies, 29(15), 19343–19366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12574-6
Katonáné Gyönyörű, K. I. (2025). Adaptive Learning Systems and Artificial Intelligence in Language Learning. Gradus, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.47833/2025.1.ART.010
Kemmis, S., & McTaggart, R. (1988). The Action Research Planner. Deakin University Press.
Liang, J.-C., Hwang, G.-J., Chen, M.-R. A., & Darmawansah, D. (2023). Roles and Research Foci of Artificial Intelligence in Language Education: An Integrated Bibliographic Analysis and Systematic Review Approach. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(7), 4270–4296. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1958348
Limbong, S., Palayukan, N., Djajasasana, E. E., & Tandibura, F. (2024). Can Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Revolutionize Cadets’ Speaking Skills in Maritime English? Voices of English Language Education Society, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v8i2.26651
Litman, D. (2016). Natural Language Processing for Enhancing Teaching and Learning. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 30(1), 4170–4176. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v30i1.9879
Liu, G. L., Zou, M. M., Soyoof, A., & Chiu, M. M. (2025). Untangling the Relationship Between scp AI/scp ‐Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English (scp AI/scp ‐scpIDLE/scp), foreign Language Enjoyment and the Ideal L2 Self: Evidence From Chinese University EFL Students. European Journal of Education, 60(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12846
Lo, C. K., Yu, P. L. H., Xu, S., Ng, D. T. K., & Jong, M. S. (2024). Exploring the application of ChatGPT in ESL/EFL education and related research issues: a systematic review of empirical studies. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-024-00342-5
Mudi, S., & Samanta, T. K. (2024). Applying Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development in Modern Classroom Settings: A Call for Social Learning in the Digital Age. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i04.24233
Muliani, M., & Sumarsono, D. (2019). Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Approach in Speaking Materials for Students’ 21st Century Skill: Does it Have Any Effect? Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP, 6(2), 99. https://doi.org/10.33394/jo-elt.v6i2.2362
Mulyani, E. R. (2025). Studi Penyusunan dan Publikasi Ilmiah [Study of Scientific Writing and Publication]. IKIP Siliwangi.
Muthmainnah, M., Asad, M. M., Yakin, A. Al, & Almusharraf, N. M. (2025). Human-robot interaction using ChatGPT for technology driven language learning: contextual insights from the higher education institution of Indonesia. Asian Education and Development Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-01-2025-0038
Pham, H. T. U., Dinh, T. T. L., & Tran, X. T. (2025). The Impact of ChatGPT Voice on Non-Majored Students’ Willingness to Communicate in a Vietnamese University. AsiaCALL Online Journal, 16(1), 312–327. https://doi.org/10.54855/acoj.2516116
Purwanto, M. B., Umar, Agustin, A., Marsinah, & Indriani, R. . R. F. (2024). Machine Learning, Software, Applications, and Websites For Language Instruction. International Journal of Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 1(4), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijeepa.v1i4.49
Ramli, M., Supriadi, H., & Apriyeni, B. A. R. (2025). The Use of CTL To Improve The Speaking Skill on English For Tourism In The First Semester of The Tourism Study Program of Universitas Hamzanwadi. International Journal of Research on English Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.30863/ijretal.v6i1.8179
Ridayani, L., Badri, W., & Susyla, D. (2025). The Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Second Language Acquisition. Teaching English and Language Learning English Journal, 5(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.36085/telle.v5i1.7725
Rusmiyanto, R., Huriati, N., Fitriani, N., Tyas, N. K., Rofi’i, A., & Sari, M. N. (2023). The Role Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Developing English Language Learner’s Communication Skills. Journal on Education, 6(1), 750–757. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i1.2990
Saleh, M., Riyadi, A. K., & Mubarok, N. (2024). Tafsir Maqasid dalam Memahami Ayat-Ayat Hukum: Analisis Tafsir Al-Jassas [Tafsir Maqasid in Understanding Legal Verses: Analysis of Tafsir Al-Jassas]. Living Islam: Journal of Islamic Discourses, 7(2), 321–340. https://doi.org/10.14421/lijid.v7i2.5603 [In Indonesian]
Salsabil, A. D., Rakhmawati, L. A., & Febtwenesty. (2025). From Silent Learners to Confident Speakers : The Effect of AI Voice Chat with ChatGPT on EFL Speaking Skills. Journal of English Education, 3(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.61994/jee.v3i1.1137
Shamsitdinova, M. (2025). Incorporating Natural Language Processing Technologies for Personalized Language Learning Experience. International Journal of Law And Criminology, 5(5), 79–80. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijlc/Volume05Issue05-11
Sharma, J. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing: Transforming Modern English Education. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 13(5), 4863–4865. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.71231
Shazly, R. El. (2021). Effects of artificial intelligence on English speaking anxiety and speaking performance: A case study. Expert Systems, 38(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.12667
Son, J.-B., Ružić, N. K., & Philpott, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications for Language Learning and Teaching. Journal of China Computer-Assisted Language Learning, 5(1), 94–112. https://doi.org/10.1515/jccall-2023-0015
Suadiyatno, T., Firman, E., Hanan, A., & Sumarsono, D. (2020). Examining The Effect of Contextual Teaching-Learning and Anxiety Towards Students’ Speaking Skills. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 8(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v8i1.2266
Thamrin, H., & Isnendes, R. (2020). Sundanese Dialect in Sinar Resmi Traditional Village in Cisolok District, Sukabumi Regency (Phonological Perspective). Proceedings of the Twelfth Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200406.018
Wang, Y. (2024). Integration of AI Technology and ZPD: Pinpointing the Zone of Student Development to Promote Educational Innovation and Efficiency Improvement. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 38, 99–104. https://doi.org/10.54097/wws14m21
Weran, Y., & Lailatus Sa’adah. (2025). Ai-Assisted Speaking Practice Model: Integrating Chatgpt Into Communicative Language Teaching For Efl Learners. Pedagogic Research-Applied Literacy Journal, 2(3), 492–497. https://doi.org/10.70574/b9a34h09
Zhang, C., Meng, Y., & Ma, X. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in EFL Speaking: Impact on Enjoyment, Anxiety, and Willingness to Communicate. System, 121, 103259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103259
Zhang, M., & Li, Y. (2025). Natural Language Processing in Language Learning: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Personalized and Adaptive English Teaching. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1177/14727978251371167
Zhou, Y., & Liu, Y. (2022). The Geography of Poverty: Review and Research Prospects. Journal of Rural Studies, 93, 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.01.008
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nunung Yuliantini, Dasep Suprijadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).