Islamic Character Formation Strategies for Generation Z through a Developmental Psychology-Based Da'wah Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/anida.v26i1.55612Keywords:
Contextual da'wah; developmental psychology; Islamic character; spiritual educationAbstract
This study examines the developmental psychology of Generation Z (born 1997–2012) and its implications for spiritual education and Islamic character formation within the framework of contextual da'wah. Generation Z has grown in a digital ecosystem that fundamentally shapes their cognitive patterns, values, and religious behaviors. On one hand, digitalization opens broader and more innovative da'wah opportunities; on the other, it presents threats such as moral degradation, spiritual identity crises, and the weakening of socio-religious bonds. Using a qualitative approach based on integrative literature review and thematic analysis, this study identifies three main findings: (1) distinctive psychological characteristics of Generation Z relevant to da'wah strategies; (2) challenges and opportunities of digital da'wah in character formation; and (3) a da'wah-based spiritual education model suitable for Generation Z. This study contributes to the development of contemporary da'wah theory and practice responsive to the dynamics of young Muslim generations.
References
Abdurrahman, M. (2021). Islam pop dan religiusitas dangkal pada generasi muda Muslim Indonesia. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 15(1), 45–62.
Abu Bakar, A. (2020). Pendidikan spiritual dan pembentukan karakter Islami. Prenada Media.
Ali, A. (2019). Dakwah kontekstual di era digital: Pendekatan psikologi komunikasi. Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 39(2), 157–178.
Amin, S. M. (2009). Ilmu dakwah: Sejarah, teori, dan aplikasi. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 1(1), 1–20.
Amrullah, A. H. (1983). Dakwah Islam dan perubahan sosial. PLP2M.
Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 287–293.
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480.
Aziz, M. A. (2004). Ilmu dakwah: Telaah teoritis dan metodologis. Jurnal Dakwah, 5(1), 1–18.
Azra, A. (2004). Pendidikan Islam dan modernitas di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 1–15.
Boyd, D. (2014). The social lives of networked teens: Youth identity in the digital age. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(3), 435–437.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Csobanka, Z. E. (2016). The Z generation. Acta Technologica Dubnicae, 6(2), 63–76.
Dhofier, Z. (1994). Tradisi pesantren dan modernisasi pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(2), 45–58.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 10(4), 378–389.
Habibi, M. (2018). Radikalisasi online dan ancaman terhadap generasi muda Muslim Indonesia. Jurnal Studi Islam, 19(1), 113–134.
Hasan, A. B. (2016). Dzikir dan kesehatan mental remaja: Tinjauan psikologi Islam. Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 2(1), 15–28.
Hasan, N., & Rahman, A. (2020). Strategi dakwah digital di era Generasi Z. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 10(2), 201–224.
Hawi, N. S. (2013). Internet addiction among adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2479–2484.
Ilaihi, W. (2010). Komunikasi dakwah dan psikologi mad'u. Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 5(1), 35–52.
Ismail, F. (2020). Komunitas Muslim online dan peningkatan religiusitas generasi muda. Jurnal Kajian Islam Kontemporer, 11(1), 77–96.
Ivcevic, Z., & Brackett, M. (2015). Predicting creativity: Interactive effects of openness to experience and emotion regulation ability. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(4), 480–487.
Karim, A. (2019). Narasi Islam moderat di era post-truth: Tantangan dakwah digital. Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi, 4(1), 1–18.
Kroger, J. (2004). Identity in adolescence: The balance between self and other. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19(6), 745–762.
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam Books.
Luyckx, K., Schwartz, S. J., Berzonsky, M. D., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Smits, I., & Goossens, L. (2008). Capturing ruminative exploration: Extending the four-dimensional model of identity formation in late adolescence. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(1), 58–82.
Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego-identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), 551–558.
Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (edisi revisi). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Muhaimin, A. (2006). Nuansa baru pendidikan Islam: Mengurai benang kusut dunia pendidikan. PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Muis, A. (2001). Komunikasi dakwah: Perspektif psikologi dan sosiologi. Jurnal Dakwah, 2(1), 1–15.
Mulyadi, S. (2020). Pembentukan karakter Islami pada mahasiswa di era disrupsi. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 11(1), 1–15.
Munir, M., & Ilaihi, W. (2006). Manajemen dakwah berbasis komunikasi modern. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 1(2), 88–107.
Muzakki, A. (2019). Religiusitas generasi Z Muslim Indonesia: Antara tradisi dan modernitas. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 13(2), 175–196.
Najati, M. U. (2005). Psikologi dalam Al-Qur'an: Terapi qurani dalam penyembuhan gangguan kejiwaan. CV Pustaka Setia.
Nasrullah, R. (2015). Dakwah di media sosial: Strategi dan implementasi. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 5(2), 145–168.
Nasution, A. (2014). Pendekatan pendidikan karakter berbasis experiential learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(2), 233–252.
Pariser, E. (2011). The filter bubble and ideological polarization in online media. Journal of Communication, 61(6), 982–1009.
Pew Research Center. (2019). The religious landscape of Generation Z. Journal of Religion and Society, 21(1), 1–25.
Pimay, A. (2005). Paradigma dakwah humanis: Strategi dan metode. Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 1(1), 1–18.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9(5), 1–6.
Ramayulis, H. (2015). Psikologi agama. Kalam Mulia.
Rosen, L. D., Lim, A. F., Felt, J., Carrier, L. M., Cheever, N. A., Lara-Ruiz, J. M., ... & Rokkum, J. (2013). Media and technology use predicts ill-being among children, preteens and teenagers. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2501–2505.
Saputra, W. (2011). Pengantar ilmu dakwah: Metode dan pendekatan. Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi, 5(2), 88–106.
Seemiller, C., & Grace, M. (2016). Generation Z: Educating and engaging the next generation of students. About Campus, 21(3), 16–23.
Syukir, A. (1983). Dasar-dasar strategi dakwah Islam. Jurnal Dakwah, 1(1), 1–12.
Tapscott, D. (2009). Grown up digital: How the net generation is changing your world. McGraw-Hill.
Twenge, J. M. (2017). iGen: Why today's super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy—and completely unprepared for adulthood. Journal of Youth Development, 12(4), 208–210.
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Media use is linked to lower psychological well-being: Evidence from three datasets. Psychiatric Quarterly, 90(2), 311–331.
Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among U.S. adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(1), 3–17.
Wahyudi, A. (2020). Dakwah di platform YouTube: Analisis konten dan engagement. Jurnal Komunikasi Islam, 10(1), 55–78.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Herman Beni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish articles in Anida (Aktualisasi Nuansa Ilmu Dakwah) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright of the article and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC-BY-SA or The Creative Commons Attribution–ShareAlike License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
