Antibacterial Activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Leaves Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Authors

  • Annabelle Marie Inggrid Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Dwi Aditiyarini Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Vinsa Cantya Prakasita Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v9i2.30436

Keywords:

antibacterial, escherichia coli, mistletoe, dendrophthoe pentandra, staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Sapuran, Wonosobo is a popular area with several local tea plantations, which are infested by mistletoe, such as Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Mistletoe has been widely reported to have antibacterial activity due to its secondary metabolite content. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and explore the antibacterial activity of D. pentandra leaves extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The test samples were extracted using the maceration method, followed by phytochemical screening and total assay of flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. Antibacterial activity tests were carried out using disk diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The yield from the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent was 8.78%, containing secondary metabolite compounds, including alkaloids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. The total flavonoid, phenol, and tanin content obtained were 4.09 ± 0.70 mg QE/g, 1.76 ± 0.16 g GAE/g, and 1.37 ± 0.14 mg TAE/g, respectively. In addition, the extract showed medium inhibition of S. aureus at a concentration of 400 and 525 mg/m, with no inhibitory effect against E. coli. The MIC and MBC from the microdilution method for S. aureus were at 4400 and 8800 mg/mL extract, while values of 28000 and 56000 mg/mL were obtained for E. coli. Based on these results, the inhibition activity of ethanol extract of D. pentandra against S. aureus was greater compared to E. coli.

Author Biographies

Annabelle Marie Inggrid, Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta

Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology

Dwi Aditiyarini, Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta

Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology

Vinsa Cantya Prakasita, Biology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta

Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology

References

Alviani, S., Fajri, R., Amri, Y., & Ulil Amna, dan. (2022). Quimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Benalu Kopi (Scurrula parasitica L.) Dataran Tinggi Gayo. Quimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains Dan Terapan, 4(1), 1–6. https://ejurnalunsam.id/index.php/JQ

Amir, L., Puspita Sari, A., Fatmah Hiola, S., & Jumadi, O. (2013). Ketersediaan Nitrogen Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bayam (Amaranthus tricolor L.) yang Diperlakukan dengan Pemberian Pupuk Kompos Azolla. Jurnal Sainsmat, I(2), 167–180. DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2017.06.00167

Anita, A., Khotimah, S., & Yanti, A. H. (2014). Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Benalu Jambu Air (Dendropthoe pentandra (L.) Miq) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi. Protobiont, 3(2), 267–271. DOI: 10.26418/protobiont.v3i2.6834

Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., & Ibnsouda, S. K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(2), 71–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005

Basavaraju, M., & Gunashree, B. S. (2022). Escherichia coli: An Overview of Main Characteristics (M. S. Erjavec, Ed.). IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.105508

Breijyeh, Z., Jubeh, B., & Karaman, R. (2020). Resistance of gram-negative bacteria to current antibacterial agents and approaches to resolve it. Molecules, 25(6), 1–23. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061340

Christalina, Tiatira, & Aning, A. (2013). Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Alami Ekstrak Fenolik Biji Pepaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Widya Teknik, Vol 12(No 2), 18–25. DOI: 10.33508/wt.v12i2.1455

Dewatisari, W. F., Rumiyanti, L., & Rakhmawati, I. (2018). Rendemen dan Skrining Fitokimia pada Ekstrak Daun Sanseviera sp. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 17(3), 197. DOI: 10.25181/jppt.v17i3.336

Diantika, L., Nurfaat, & Indirayati Wiwiek. (2016). Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Benalu Mangga (Dendrophthoe petandra) Terhadap Mencit Swiss Webster. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical, 3(2), 53–65.

Diba, M. F., Bin Laeto, A., Purnamasari, S., Inggarsih, R., Mikrobiologi, B., Kedokteran, F., Sriwijaya, U., Fisiologi, B., Medik, F., & Kedokteran, B. B. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Aktif Daun Benalu Jeruk Nipis (Dendrophtoe petandra (L.)Miq.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan: Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya, 8(2), 146–152. DOI: 10.32539/JKK.V8I2.13128

Diningsih, A., & Aswan, Y. (2019). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Etil Asetat pada Benalu Kakao (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia (Indonesia Health Scientific Journal), 4(2), 1–6.

Fajarizki, G. R., Tandi, J., Tuldjanah, M., & Magfirah, M. (2022). Penetapan Kadar Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) Secara Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Farmakologika: Jurnal Farmasi, Vol. 19(1), 31–42.

Gnanamani, A., Hariharan, P., & Paul-Satyaseela, M. (2017). Staphylococcus aureus: Overview of Bacteriology, Clinical Diseases, Epidemiology, Antibiotic Resistance and Therapeutic Approach. In S. Enany & L. Alexander (Eds.), Frontiers in Staphylococcus aureus (pp. 1–27). InTech. DOI: 10.5772/67338

Hardiyanti, R., Marpaung, L., Adnyana, I. K., & Simanjuntak, P. (2018). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of various extracts of duku’s mistletoe leaf (Dendrophthoe pentandra (l.) miq) collected from medan, indonesia. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 11(12), 526–529. DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.29725

Hardiyanti, R., Marpaung, L., Adnyana, I. K., & Simanjuntak, P. (2019). Isolation of quercitrin from Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) miq leaves and it’s antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 12(4), 1822–1827. DOI: 10.31788/RJC.2019.1235353

Hartati, D. S. (2016). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Daun Benalu (Scurrula atropurpurea (BL.) Denser) yang Tumbuh pada Inang Rambutan dengan Metode DPPH. Universitas Islam Indonesia.

Inusa, A., Sanusi, S. B., Cuevas Linatoc, A., Mainassara, M. M., & Ibrahim, M. A. (2018). Phytochemical And Antibacterial Screening Of Mistletoe (Agelanthus dodoniesfolius (DC)) Collected From Shea Butter Tree (Vitelleria paradoxa). Science World Journal, 13(3), 33–36. www.scienceworldjournal.org

Kong, D., Wang, L., Niu, Y., Cheng, L., Sang, B., Wang, D., Tian, J., Zhao, W., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Wang, F., Zhou, H., & Jia, R. (2023). Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh. and Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.: A review of traditional medical uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and applications. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14(1), 1–18. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1096379

Kristiningrum, N., Ridlo, M., & Pratoko, D. K. (2020). Phytochemical screening and determination of total phenolic content of Dendophthoe pentandra L. Leaves ethanolic extract on mango host. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 23(3), 98–107. DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2020.2334

Lekal, J. A., Watuguly, T., & Kandungan, A. (2017). Analisis Kandungan Flavonoid Pada Teh Benalu (Dendropohtoe pentandra (L.) Miq.). Biopendix Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan Dan Terapan, 3(2), 154–158. DOI: 10.30598/biopendixvol3issue2page154-158

Mustarichie, R., Runadi, D., & Ramdhani, D. (2017). The antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening of ethanol extract, fractions of water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane from mistletoe tea (Scurrula atropurpurea BL. dans). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 10(2), 343–347. DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v10i2.15724

Nasution, P., Roza, M., & Rodesia. (2013). Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Benalu (Scurulla sp) yang Tumbuh Pada Beberapa Inang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi. Universitas Riau.

Nirwana, A. P., Astirin, O. P., Widiyani, T., Kesehatan, A. A., Surakarta, N., Prian, A., Akademi, N., Kesehatan, A., & Yos Sudarso, J. (2015). Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Benalu Kersen (Dendrophtoe pentandra L. Miq.). El-Vivo, 2(2), 1–6.

Othman, L., Sleiman, A., & Abdel-Massih, R. M. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of polyphenols and alkaloids in middle eastern plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10(5), 1–28. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00911

Parvekar, P., Palaskar, J., Metgud, S., Maria, R., & Dutta, S. (2020). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 7(1), 105–109. DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2020.1796674

Ramakrishna, A., & Ravishankar, G. A. (2011). Influence of abiotic stress signals on secondary metabolites in plants. In Plant Signaling and Behavior (Vol. 6, Issue 11, pp. 1720–1731). DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.11.17613

Rantesalu, C. C., Betty, E., & Kristiani, E. (2022). Potensi Daun Benalu Scurrula ferruginea dan Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq Pada Tumbuhan Inang Jambu Air. Prosiding Seminar Nasional MIPA UNIPA, 2022, 26–34.

Ratman, S. H., Untari, E. K., & Robiyanto. (2019). Pemantauan Efek Samping Antibiotik yang merugikan Pasien Anak yang berobat di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pontianak Timur. Jurnal Mahasiswa Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNTAN, 4(1), 1–14.

Rohdiana, D., Arief, D. Z., & Budiman, A. (2013). Aktivitas Penghambatan Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli oleh Berbagai Jenis Teh dan Seduhannya. Jurnal Penelitian Teh Dan Kina, 16(1), 37–44.

Sembiring, E. N., Elya, B., & Sauriasari, R. (2018). Phytochemical Screening, Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. In Pharmacognosy Reviews (Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 123–127). DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902

Soelama, Heryudi J, Kepel, B. J., & Siagian, K. V. (2015). Uji minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Ekstrak Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii) Sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Streptococcus mutans. E-GiGi, 3(2), 374–379. DOI: 10.35790/eg.3.2.2015.9630

Tahir, M., Muflihunna, A., & Syafrianti, S. (2017). Penentuan Kadar Fenolik Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, Vol. 4(No. 1), 215–218. DOI: 10.33096/jffi.v4i1.231

Utomo, S. B., Fujiyanti, M., Lestari, W. P., & Mulyani, S. (2018). Antibacterial Activity Test of the C-4-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene Compound Modified by Hexadecyltrimethylammonium-Bromide against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Bacteria. JKPK (Jurnal Kimia Dan Pendidikan Kimia), 3(3), 143–149. DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v3i3.22742

Wirasti. (2019). Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total, Flavonoid Total, dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Benalu Petai (Scurrula atropurpurea Dans.) Beserta Penapisan Fitokimia. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Sciences, Vol. 4(No. 1), 1–5. DOI: 10.32814/jpms.v4i1.73

Wulandari, A., Farida, Y., & Taurhesia, S. (2020). Perbandingan Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Kelor Dan Teh Hijau Serta Kombinasi Sebagai Antibakteri Penyebab Jerawat. Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, Vol. 7(No. 2), 23–29. DOI: 10.33096/jffi.v7i2.535

Yee, Fauzi, Najihah, Daud, & Sulain. (2017). Study of Dendrophthoe pentandra Ethyl Acetate Extract as Potential Anticancer Candidate on Safety and Toxicity Aspects. Journal of Analytical & Pharmaceutical Research, 6(1), 14–12. DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2017.06.00167

Yismairai, E., Hemelda, N. M., Yasman, & Handayani, W. (2019). Antioxidant activity of extract of Mistletoe, Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., lived in three different host plants, collected from Kampus UI, Depok. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2168, 1–8. DOI: 10.1063/1.5132527

Downloads

Published

30-11-2024

How to Cite

Inggrid, A. M., Aditiyarini, D., & Prakasita, V. C. (2024). Antibacterial Activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Leaves Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Jurnal Biodjati, 9(2), 280–293. https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v9i2.30436

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): November

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Copyright and Attribution:

Copyright of published in Jurnal Biodjati is held by the journal under Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-NC-ND) copyright. The journal lets others distribute and copy the article, create extracts, abstracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as an tranlation), include in collective works (such as an anrhology), text or data mine the article, as long as they credit the author(s), do not represent the author as endorsing their adaptation of the article and do not modify the article in such a way as to damage the author's honor or reputation.

Permissions:

Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere and by other authors are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate of one of the authors.

Ethical matters:

Experiments with animals or involving human patients must have had prior approval from the appropriate ethics committee. A statement to this effect should be provided within the text at the appropriate place. Experiments involving plants or microorganisms taken from countries other than the authors own must have had the correct authorization for this exportation.