Understanding The Structural Tissue of Pectoral Finless Albino African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Originating From Pond Cultivation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.39863Keywords:
albino, cultivation, histology, pectoral fins, TBX5Abstract
The loss of pectoral fin is an undesirable trait always found in almost all catfish breeding programmes in Indonesia, so further investigation is needed to clarify this problem. This study aims to describe albinism in fish with pectoral fin deformity from an immunohistochemical perspective by evaluating the correlation between two proteins (TBX5 protein and TYR protein) from eye and skin tissues. We used an individual albino fish (TL = 42 cm) found by local farmers in the Kebomas district, Gresik, to study the histological differences between albino fish without pectoral fins and black fish with regular pectoral fins using descriptive methods. The histotechniques using HE staining followed the Bioscience Laboratory, and the immunohistochemical staining was performed according to the Biomedical Laboratory procedure at Brawijaya University. The slides were scanned using Aperio Scanning CS2. Morphological structure differences determination used a t-test (α = 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation assessed the relationship between fin morphology and albinism. The results showed significant differences between the skin and retinal thickness of the two fish (p <0.05), and the total retinal thickness of albino fish without pectoral fins was significantly thinner than that of regular fish. Rank correlations showed a positive association between pectoral fin loss and reduced skin and eye histology. The histochemical studies indicated that TBX5 is an important factor in pigmentation and fin development, but additional factors may disrupt TYR regulation in albino fish. The results of this study provide further evidence for considering pectoral fin phenotype as one of the evaluation factors to make the success of a breeding program.
References
Abd-elhafeez, H. H., Soliman, S., El-mansi, A. A., Seif, M., Rashwan, A. M., Eldesoqui, M. B., & Kubale, V. (2024). Light and scanning electron microscopy of the eye of Siganus luridus (Ruppell , 1828). Frontiers in Veterinary Siencce, September, 1–12. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1417278
Ahti, P. A., Kuparinen, A., & Uusi-Heikkila, S. (2020). Size does matter-the eco-evolutionary effects of changing body size in fish. Environmental Reviews, 28(3), 311–324. DOI: 10.1139/er-2019-0076
Aldermn, S. L., & Gillis, T. E. (2024). Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology. Academic Press.
Awad, M., & Mohamedien, D. (2023). Catfish Epidermal Club Cell Morphologic and Immunologic Attributes: Heterogeneous S-100 Immunoreactivity and Possible Neuroendocrine Function. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 29(2), 858–865. DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad015
Barasa, J. E., & Ouma, D. F. (2024). Towards Sustainability in Seed Supply for African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Culture in Kenya: Lessons from Asian Catfishes Industry. Aquaculture Research, 2024(1). DOI: 10.1155/2024/1341858
Bayramov, A. V., Yastrebov, S. A., Mednikov, D. N., Araslanova, K. R., Ermakova, G. V., & Zaraisky, A. G. (2024). Paired fins in vertebrate evolution and ontogeny. Evolution & Development, 26(3), 1–26. DOI: 10.1111/ede.12478
Bian, C., Li, R., Wen, Z., Ge, W., & Shi, Q. (2021). Phylogenetic Analysis of Core Melanin Synthesis Genes Provides Novel Insights Into the Molecular Basis of Albinism in Fish. Frontiers in Genetics, 12(August), 1–9. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.707228
Boote, C., Sigal, I. A., Grytz, R., Hua, Y., Nguyen, T. D., & Girard, M. J. A. (2020). Scleral structure and biomechanics. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, 74(June), 100773. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100773
Colihueque, N., & Araneda, C. (2014). Appearance traits in fish farming: Progress from classical genetics to genomics, providing insight into current and potential genetic improvement. Frontiers in Genetics, 5(AUG), 1–8. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00251
Dhamayanti, Y., Khairunnisa, H. K., Zahrudin, E., Bayram, M., & Suciyono. (2024). Immune Responses of Club Cells in Fish: A Review. Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 7(2), 407–412. DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss2.2024.407-412
Díaz-Puertas, R., Adamek, M., Mallavia, R., & Falco, A. (2023). Fish Skin Mucus Extracts: An Underexplored Source of Antimicrobial Agents. Marine Drugs, 21(6). DOI: 10.3390/md21060350
Domiszewski, Z., Duszynska, K., & Stachowska, E. (2020). Influence of different heat treatments on the lipid quality of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology, 29(9), 886–900. DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2020.1817219
Farikhah, Sukoso, Yanuhar, U., Iranawati, F., & Arif, M. Z. (2020). An evidence of the missing complete pectoral fins trait in clarias gariepinus reared in pond is heritable. Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 26(May), S70–S76.
Farikhah, F., Aminin, A., Palupi, T. R., & Khudhori, K. (2020). Evaluasi Karakter Sirip Pektoral Hilang (SPH) Pada Ikan Lele Clarias gariepinus Strain Dumbo Ditinjau Dari Aspek Pertumbuhan. PENA Akuatika, 19(2), 39–51.
Farikhah, F., Sukoso, S., Yanuhar, U., Iranawati, F., & Sofarini, D. (2019). Identification of retinal degeneration of African Catfish C.gariepinus suffer from abnormal pectoral fins originating from cultivation in pond. Bioscience Research, 16(3), 2720–2729.
Francis, O., Arnold, N., Irabor, E., Chukwuemeka, M., & Truth, U. (2023). Pattern of color inheritance in African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ): an expression of a Mendelian law. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 0123456789. DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01282-6
He, X., Wen, Y., Li, Z., Zhou, Y., Hu, W., Sun, J., & Liu, Q. (2023). Body color selection of domesticated carp (Cyprinus carpio) in traditional agricultural systems: Insight provided by growth performance, nutritional quality, and genetic diversity. Aquaculture, 572(July), 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739528
Hutchings, J. A., & Fraser, D. J. (2008). The nature of fisheries- and farming-induced evolution. Molecular Ecology, 17(1), 294–313. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03485
Kemigabo, C., Jere, L. W., Sikawa, D., Masemba, C., Kangombe, J., & Abdel Tawwab, M. (2019). Growth response of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (B), larvae and fingerlings fed protease incorporated diets. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 35(2), 480–487. DOI: 10.1111/jai.13877
Kreis, J., Bonb, R., & Vick, P. (2020). The tetraspanin Cd63 is required for eye morphogenesis in Xenopus. In microPublication biology (Vol. 2020, pp. 1–5).
Kwame Ablordeppey, R., Ren Lin, C., Song, B., & Benavente-Perez, A. (2024). Choroidal Morphology and Photoreceptor Activity Are Related and Affected by Myopia Development. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 65(2). DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.3
Lee, A. Y. (2021). Skin pigmentation abnormalities and their possible relationship with skin aging. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(7). DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073727
Li, H., Wang, X., Zhang, R., Liu, L., & Zhu, H. (2024). Generation of golden goldfish Carassius auratus via tyrosinase gene targeting by CRISPR/Cas9. Aquaculture, 583(March), 1–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.740594
Liu, J., Yin, M., Ye, Z., Hu, J., & Bao, Z. (2024). Harnessing Hue: Advances and Applications of Fish Skin Pigmentation Genetics in Aquaculture. Fishes, 9(6), 1–22. DOI: 10.3390/fishes9060220
Madkour, F. A., Abdellatif, A. M., Osman, Y. A., & Kandyel, R. M. (2023). Histological and ultrastructural characterization of the dorso-ventral skin of the juvenile and the adult starry puffer fish (Arothron stellatus, Anonymous 1798). BMC Veterinary Research, 19(1), 1–19. DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03784-0
Moazed, K. T. (2020). The Iris: Understanding the Essentials. In The Iris: Understanding the Essentials. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45756-3
Ozerov, M. Y., Noreikiene, K., Kahar, S., Flajshans, M., Gross, R., & Vasemagi, A. (2024). Differential expression and alternative splicing analyses of multiple tissues reveal albinism-associated genes in the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part - B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 271(October 2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110941
Sarkar, H., Tracey-White, D., Hagag, A. M., Burgoyne, T., Nair, N., Jensen, L. D., Edwards, M. M., & Moosajee, M. (2024). Loss of REP1 impacts choroidal melanogenesis and vasculogenesis in choroideremia. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease, 1870(2), 166963. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166963
Shkil, F., Kapitanova, D., Borisov, V., Laudet, V., & Veretennikov, N. (2022). Direct development of the catfish pectoral fin : An alternative pectoral fin pattern of teleosts. Developmental Dynamics, 251, 1816–1833. DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.509
Ubels, J. L., Lin, C. M., Antonetti, D. A., Diaz-Coranguez, M., Diegel, C. R., & Williams, B. O. (2022). Structure and function of the retina of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-deficient rats. Experimental Eye Research, 217, 1–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108977
Utzeri, V. J., Ribani, A., Schiavo, G., & Fontanesi, L. (2021). Describing variability in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene, the albino coat colour locus, in domestic and wild European rabbits. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1), 181–187. DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2021.1877574
Venkatesh, R., Agrawal, S., Reddy, N. G., Sridharan, A., Ong, J., & Yadav, N. K. (2022). Choroidal and retinal thickness variations in ocular albinism Ramesh. Indian J. Ophthalmol, 70(1), 2506–2510. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO
Wang, C., Lu, B., Li, T., Liang, G., Xu, M., Liu, X., Tao, W., Zhou, L., Kocher, T. D., & Wang, D. (2021). Nile Tilapia: A Model for Studying Teleost Color Patterns. Journal of Heredity, 112(5), 469–484. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esab018
Zhang, S., Zhu, X., Hu, L., Liao, K., Xu, S., Wang, D., & Guo, C. (2024). Tbx4 and Tbx5 gene expression associated with appendage development and its relationship with the absence of the pelvic fin in Pampus argenteus. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 42(2), 580–593. DOI: 10.1007/s00343-023-3011-y
Zhang, Z., Lin, W., He, D., Wu, Q., Cai, C., Chen, H., Shang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2023). Aquaculture environment changes fish behavioral adaptability directly or indirectly through personality traits: a case study. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 33(4), 1423–1441. DOI: 10.1007/s11160-023-09779-2
Zheng, Y., Li, Y. F., Wang, W., Chen, Y. M., Wang, D. D., Zhao, J. J., Pan, Q. Z., Jiang, S. S., Zhang, X. F., Yuan, S. Q., Qiu, H. B., Huang, C. Y., Zhao, B. W., Zhou, Z. W., & Xia, J. C. (2015). High expression level of T-box transcription factor 5 predicts unfavorable survival in stage I and II gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncology Letters, 10(4), 2021–2026. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3515
Zhong, L., Zhang, S., Wang, M., Wang, J., Chen, X., & Bian, W. (2021). First record of partial fin albinism in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, 1818 (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) from china. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 20(5), 1535–1541. DOI: 10.22092/ijfs.2021.125172
Zilova, L., Weinhardt, V., Tavhelidse, T., Schlagheck, C., Thumberger, T., & Wittbrodt, J. (2021). Fish primary embryonic pluripotent cells assemble into retinal tissue mirroring in vivo early eye development. ELife, 10, 1–26. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.66998
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Biodjati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Attribution:
Copyright of published in Jurnal Biodjati is held by the journal under Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-NC-ND) copyright. The journal lets others distribute and copy the article, create extracts, abstracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as an tranlation), include in collective works (such as an anrhology), text or data mine the article, as long as they credit the author(s), do not represent the author as endorsing their adaptation of the article and do not modify the article in such a way as to damage the author's honor or reputation.
Permissions:
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere and by other authors are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate of one of the authors.
Ethical matters:
Experiments with animals or involving human patients must have had prior approval from the appropriate ethics committee. A statement to this effect should be provided within the text at the appropriate place. Experiments involving plants or microorganisms taken from countries other than the authors own must have had the correct authorization for this exportation.
