Protease, Lipase and Amylase Activities in Barred Loach, Nemacheilus Fasciatus C.V.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v5i1.6530Keywords:
amylase, lipase, protease, barred loachAbstract
Barred loach is wild fish in which there is no information related to its enzymatic digestive capacity yet. Therefore research on this subject needs to be conducted.  The spectrophotometry method was used to study protease, lipase, and amylase activities in barred loach. The study used 89 fish with an average weight of 3.61 ± 0.26g, and 1.68 ± 0.21g.  The results showed that pH 7.0 was the highest protease activity. Similarly, lipase activity found  between pH 7.0 and pH 8.1. Still, the amylase activity found to be high at pH 8.1. Protease activity also found to be high in the posterior intestine than in the hepato-pancreas and anterior intestine. Lipase and amylase activities did not found differences between hepato-pancreas, anterior intestine, and posterior intestine. In conclusion, the protease, lipase, and amylase activities of barred loach found along the gastrointestinal tract in both large and small fish, which shows that barred loach can digest protein, fat, and carbohydrates in diets better.
References
Areekijseree, M., A. Engkagul, U.. Kovitvadhi, A. Thongpan, M Mingmuang, P. Pakkong, & Rungruangsak-Torrissen, K (2004). Temperature and pH characteristic of amylase and proteinase of adult freshwater pearl mussel, Hyriopsis (Hyriopsis) bialatus Simpson 1900. Aquaculture, 234(1-4), 575-587.
Ath-thar, M.H.F., Ambarwati, A., Soelistyowati, D., & Kristanto, A.H. (2018). Genotype and phenotype performance barred loach Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846) from Bogor, Temanggung and Blitar. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 13(1), 1-10.
Baragi, V. & Lovell, R.T. (2013). Digestive enzyme activities in striped bass from first feeding through larva development. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 115(3), 478-484.
Day R.D., German D.P., & Tibbetts I.R. (2011). Why can’t young fish eat plants ? Neither digestive enzymes nor gut development preclude herbivory in the young of a stomachless marine herbivorous fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B., 158(1), 23-29.
Emmawati, L.H., Kristanto, A.H., & Hadie, W. (2011). Prospective commodity fish study of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus) as a candidate for cultured fish. Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakultur, 1(1), 317-322.
Falcon-Hidalgo B., Forrellat-Barrios A., Farnes O.C. & Hernandez K.U. (2011). Digestive enzymes of two freshwater fishes (Limia vittata and Gambusia punctate) with different dietary preferences at three developmental stages. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B., 158(2), 136-141.
Hlophe, S. N., & Moyo, N. A. G. (2013). The aquaculture potential of Tilapia rendalli in relation to its feeding habits and digestive capabilities. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 66(1), 33–37.
Izvekova, G. I., Solovyev, M. M., Kashinskaya, E. N., & Izvekov, E. I. (2013). Variations in the activity of digestive enzymes along the intestine of the burbot Lota lota expressed by different methods. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 39(5), 1181–1193.
Ji, H., Sun, H. T., & Xiong, D. M. (2012). Studies on activity, distribution, and zymogram of protease, α-amylase, and lipase in the paddlefish Polyodon spathula. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 38(3), 603–613.
Khangembam, B. K., Yvr, K. S., & Chakrabarti, R. (2012). Purification and characterization of trypsin from the digestive system of carp Catla catla (Hamilton). International Aquatic Research, 4(9), 1-12
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari, & Wirjoatmodjo, S. (1993). Freshwater Fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Jakarta: Periplus Edition Limited.
Kumar, S., Garciaâ€Carreno, F. L., Chakrabarti, R., Toro, M. A. N., & Cordovaâ€Murueta, J. H. (2007). Digestive proteases of three carps Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix: partial characterization and protein hydrolysis efficiency. Aquaculture Nutrition, 13(5), 381–388.
Langeland, M., Lindberg, J.E., & Lundh, T. (2013). Digestive enzyme activity in eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) and artic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Aquaculture Research & Development, 5(1), 1-8.
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr A.L. & Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. The Journal of Biological Chemestry, 193(1), 265-275.
Markweg-Hanke, M., Lang, S., & Wagner, F. (1995). Dodecanoic acid inhibition of lipase from Acinetobacter sp. OPA 55. Enzyme Microbial Technology, 17(6), 512-516.
Mazumder, S.K., Das, S.K., Rahim, S.M., & Ghaffar, M.A. (2018). Temperature and diet effect on the pepsin enzyme activities, digestive somatic index and relative gut length of Malabar blood snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Aquaculture Reports, 9(1), 1-9.
Merino-Contreras, M. L., Sánchez-Morales, F., Jiménez-Badillo, M. L., Peña-MarÃn, E. S., & Ãlvarez-González, C. A. (2018). Partial characterization of digestive proteases in sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus (Spariformes: Sparidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 16(4), 1-11
Nurhidayat, L., Arviani, F.N., & Retnoaji, B. (2017). Gonadosomatic index and histological structure of the gonad of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus, Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1846). Biosfera, 34(2), 67-74.
Prakoso, V.A., Ath-thar, M.H.F., Subagjo, J., & Kristanto, A.H. (2016). The growth of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus) with difference stocking density in the ex situ environment. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 11(4), 355-362.
Prakoso, V.A., Subagyo, J., & Kristanto, A.H. (2017). Reproductive biological aspects and growth patterns of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus), maintenance in aquariums. Media Akuakultur, 12(2), 67-74.
Prasad, G., & Suneesha, I. (2013). Digestive enzyme characterization of threatened yellow catfish Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunter) (Teleostes: Siluriformes: Horabagridae) at two life stages. Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, 1(1&2), 83-89.
Pujante, I.M., Diaz-Lopez, M., Mancera, J.M., & Moyano, F.J. (2017). Characterization of digestive enzymes protease and alpha-amylase activities in the thick-lipped grey mullet (Chelon labrosus, Risso 1827). Aquaculture Research, 48(2), 367-376.
Risyanto, S., Ardli, E.R., & Sulistiyo, I. (2012). Biology of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus C.V.) Banjaran river, Banyumas Regency. Biosfera, 29(1), 51-58.
Savona, B., Tramati, C., & Mazzola, A. (2011). Digestive enzymes in larvae and juveniles of farmed sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) (Cetti, 1777). The Open Marine Biology Journal, 5(1), 47-57.
Solovyev, M. M., Kashinskaya, E. N., Izvekova, G. I., & Glupov, V. V., (2015). pH values and activity of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract of fish in Lake Chany (West Siberia). Journal of Ichthyology, 55(2), 251–258.
Susilo, U., Sukardi, P., & Affandi, R. (2018). The age dependent activities of digestive enzymes in Rasbora, Rasbora lateristriata Blkr., (Pisces: Cyprinidae) Molekul, 13(1): 80-91.
Tjahjo, D.W.H., Purnamaningtyas, S.E., & Purnomo,K. (2000). Bio-ecology of barred loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus) in Lekso river, Blitar. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia, 6(2): 13-21.
Thongprajukaew, K., Kovitvadhi, U., Engkagul, A., & Torrissen, K. R., (2010a). Characterization and expression levels of protease enzymes at different developmental stages of Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens Regan, 1910). Kasetsart J (Nat. Sci.), 44(3), 411-423
Thongprajukaew, K., U. Kovitvadhi, A. Engkagul, & Rungruangsak-Torrissen, K. (2010b). Temperature and pH characteristics of amylase and lipase at different development stages of siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens Regan, 1910). Kasetsart J (Nat. Sci.), 44(2), 210-219.
Tian, H., Meng, Y., Li, C., Zhang, L., Xu, G., Shi, Y., Qi, H., & Ma, R. (2019). A study of the digestive enzyme activities in scaleless carp (Gymnocypris przewalskii) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Aquaculture Reports, 13(1), 1-5.
Walter, H.E. (1984). Proteinases: methods with hemoglobin, casein and azocoll as substrates. In: Bergmeyer, H.U., ed. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, vol. V. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp., 270-277.
Yang, S., Du, J., Duan, Y., Xiao, Q., Li, N., Lin, Q., … Du, J. (2018). Differences in the digestive enzyme activity, intestinal mucosa and microbial community in loach cultivated in two separate environments. BMC Microbiology, 18(1), 113.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Attribution:
Â
Copyright of published in Jurnal Biodjati is held by the journal under Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-NC-ND) copyright. The journal lets others distribute and copy the article, create extracts, abstracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as an tranlation), include in collective works (such as an anrhology), text or data mine the article, as long as they credit the author(s), do not represent the author as endorsing their adaptation of the article and do not modify the article in such a way as to damage the author's honor or reputation.
Permissions:
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere and by other authors are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate of one of the authors.
Ethical matters:
Experiments with animals or involving human patients must have had prior approval from the appropriate ethics committee. A statement to this effect should be provided within the text at the appropriate place. Experiments involving plants or microorganisms taken from countries other than the authors’ own must have had the correct authorization for this exportation.