Community Adaptation in The Development of Villages in Indonesia


Moh. Dulkiah(1*)

(1) UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This article aims to understand community adaptation to the sustainability development goals in rural areas. This research uses mixed methods with an explanatory design approach based on the follow-up explanation model. The research was conducted by looking at statistical data on village development throughout Indonesia classified by province. This study finds results through quantitative data and qualitative data as well. The results of the quantitative analysis show that 44% of the middle- class population in Indonesia have adapted very well, 35% have adapted well, and 21% have adapted passively. Based on qualitative data, quantitative data in the field is influenced by each village's knowledge of SDGs.


Full Text:

PDF

References


A.Keister, L., & Fulton, B. (2015). Religion And Stratification. In International Encyclopedia Of The Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition) (Pp. 292–297). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.84045-3

Allen, C., Metternicht, G., & Wiedmann, T. (2018). Initial Progress In Implementing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs): A Review Of Evidence From Countries. Sustainability Science, 13(5), 1453–1467. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S11625-018-0572-3

Allen, K., & O’Boyle, B. (2017). Durkheim: A Critical Introduction. Pluto Press. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/J.Ctt1v2xvw6

Andari, R. N. (2021). Resensi: Sdgs Desa, Percepatan Pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Nasional Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Wacana Kinerja: Kajian Praktis-Akademis Kinerja Dan Administrasi Pelayanan Publik, 24(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.31845/Jwk.V24i1.713

Anderson, C., Kraus, M. W., Galinsky, A. D., & Keltner, D. (2012). The Local-Ladder Effect: Social Status And Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Science, 23(7), 764–771. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/23262493

Baldwin, D. A. (2016). Analyzing Power. In Power And International Relations: A Conceptual Approach (Pp. 49–90). Princeton University Press. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/J.Ctt1q1xsp6

Barone, C., R.Hertel, F., & Smallenbroek, O. (2022). The Rise Of Income And The Demise Of Class And Social Status? A Systematic Review Of Measures Of Socio-Economic Position In Stratification Research. Research In Social Stratification And Mobility, 78(100678).

Bidner, C., & Eswaran, M. (2015). A Gender-Based Theory Of The Origin Of The Caste System Of India. Journal Of Development Economics, 114, 142–158.

Borraz, F., González, N., & Rossi, M. (2013). POLARIZATION AND THE MIDDLE CLASS IN URUGUAY. Latin American Journal Of Economics, 5(2), 289–326. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/90003517

Bosello, F., Carraro, C., & Cian, E. De. (2018). DEFINING ADAPTATION: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONCEPT. In An Analysis Of Adaptation As A Response To Climate Change (Pp. 12–14). Copenhagen Consensus Center.

Bowen, B. (2021). The Matrix Of Needs: Reframing Maslow’s Hierarchy. Health, 13(05), 538–563. Https://Doi.Org/10.4236/Health.2021.135041

Bowles, D. (2013). Toward An Integrated Theory Of Social Stratification. The American Journal Of Economics And Sociology, 72(1), 32–58. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/23526075

Brim, M. (2020). The House That Queer Theory Built. The Baffler, 53, 90–98. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26975645

Bulgaru, I. (2013). Emile Durkheim’s Sociological Thinking Evolution From A Pedagogical Perspective. Procedia - Social And Behavorial Sciences, 76, 262–266. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Sbspro.2013.04.110

Caroline, E. (2019). METODE KUANTITATIF . Media Sahabat Cendikia. Https://Books.Google.Co.Id/Books?Hl=Id&Lr=&Id=Nt62DwAAQBAJ&Oi=Fnd&Pg=PA2&Dq=Metode+Kuantitatif&Ots=Dzay2YSrV7&Sig=_D_Mtlv58e2jogd0qvqpeouskdk&Redir_Esc=Y#V=Onepage&Q&F=False

Castro, B., & Sen, R. (2022). Everyday Adaptation: Theorizing Climate Change Adaptation In Daily Life. Global Environmental Change, 75(102555). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Gloenvcha.2022.102555

Chatzistamoulou, N., & Koundouri, P. (2020). Sdgs Patterns Across The Globe: From Theory To Practice (No. 20–16).

Chen, T., Liu, Y., & Chen, J. Hui. (2013). An Integrated Approach To Active Model Adaptation And On-Line Dynamic Optimisation Of Batch Processes. Journal Of Process Control, 23(10), 1350–1359. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jprocont.2013.09.010

Chilvers, S. (2020). Feudalism And Feudal Society. International Encyclopedia Of Human Geography (Second Edition), 83–90. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10462-7

Creese, J. L. (2013). Rethinking Early Village Development In Southern Ontario: Toward A History Of Place-Making. Canadian Journal Of Archaeology / Journal Canadien d’Archéologie, 37(2), 185–218. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/43922375

Dittmar, E. L., Oakley, C. G., Conner, J. K., Gould, B. A., & Schemske, D. W. (2016). Factors Influencing The Effect Size Distribution Of Adaptive Substitutions. Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 283(1828), 1–8. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/24762571

Eakin, H. C., Lemos, M. C., & Nelson, D. R. (2014). Differentiating Capacities As A Means To Sustainable Climate Change Adaptation. Global Environmental Change, 27, 1–8. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Gloenvcha.2014.04.013

Edewor, P. A. (2014). A Conceptual Exploration Of The Human Development Paradigm. Mediterranean Journal Of Social Sciences, 5(6), 381–388. Https://Doi.Org/10.5901/Mjss.2014.V5n6p381

Elmassah, S., & Mohieldin, M. (2020). Digital Transformation And Localizing The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs). Ecological Economics, 169(106490). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ecolecon.2019.106490

F.Fargher, L. et. al., (2020). Wealth Inequality, Social Stratification, And The Built Environment In Late Prehispanic Highland Mexico: A Comparative Analysis With Special Emphasis On Tlaxcallan. Journal Of Anthropological Archaeology, 58(101176). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jaa.2020.101176

Fang, C.-Y., Hu, J.-L., & Lou, T.-K. (2013). Environment-Adjusted Total-Factor Energy Efficiency Of Taiwan’s Service Sectors. Energy Policy, 63, 1160–1168. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Enpol.2013.07.124

Faried, A. I., Basmar, E., Purba, B., Dewi, I. K., Bahri, S., & Sudarmanto, E. (2021). Sosiologi Ekonomi (1st Ed.). Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Flachs, A. (2021). Charisma And Agrarian Crisis: Authority And Legitimacy At Multiple Scales For Rural Development. Journal Of Rural Studies, 88, 97–107. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jrurstud.2021.10.010

Fuhrmann-Riebel, H., D’Exelle, B., & Verschoor, A. (2021). The Role Of Preferences For Pro-Environmental Behaviour Among Urban Middle Class Households In Peru. Ecological Economics, 180(106850). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ecolecon.2020.106850

Ghatee, A., & Zarrinpoor, N. (2022). Designing An Oil Supply Chain Network Considering Sustainable Development Paradigm And Uncertainty. Chemical Engineering Research And Design, 182, 692–723. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Cherd.2022.06.026

Glassman, A., Chalkidou, K., Giedion, U., Teerawattananon, Y., Tunis, S., B.Bump, J., & Pichon-Riviere, A. (2012). Priority-Setting Institutions In Health: Recommendations From A Center For Global Development Working Group. Global Heart, 7(1), 13–34. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Gheart.2012.01.007

Grusky, D. (2019). Social Stratification, Class, Race, And Gender In Sociological Perspective, Second Edition. Routledge.

Gudipati, V. K., & Cha, E. J. (2021). Target Reliability Index Optimization Framework For Multiple Building Classes Based On Community-Level Objectives. Structural Safety, 91(102097). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Strusafe.2021.102097

Gui, F., Hua Tsai, C., Vajda, A., & Carroll, J. M. (2022). Workout Connections: Investigating Social Interactions In Online Group Exercise Classes. International Journal Of Human-Computer Studies, 166(102870). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ijhcs.2022.102870

H.Baylsmith, P., & Griffin, B. (2015). Journal Of Vocational Behavior. Journal Of Vocational Behavior, 90, 132–144. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jvb.2015.08.004

Hák, T., Janoušková, S., & Moldan, B. (2016). Sustainable Development Goals: A Need For Relevant Indicators. Ecological Indicators, 60, 565–573. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ecolind.2015.08.003

Hamilton, A. B., & Finley, E. P. (2020). Reprint Of: Qualitative Methods In Implementation Research: An Introduction. Psychiatry Research, 283(112629). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Psychres.2019.112629

Herradi, M. El, & Leroy, A. (2022). The Rich, Poor, And Middle Class: Banking Crises And Income Distribution. Journal Of International Money And Finance, 127(102695). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jimonfin.2022.102695

Indonesia, B. P. S. (2021). Statistik Indonesia 2021. Badan Pusat Statistik - Indonesia.

Isaac, L. W., M.Harrison, D., & F.Lipold, P. (2022). Class Conflict In Capitalist Society. Encyclopedia Of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (Third Edition), 3, 118–136. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820195-4.00248-X

Iskandar, A. H. (2020). Sdgs Desa: Percepatan Pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Nasional Berkelanjutan (1st Ed.). Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Iskandar, Nehru, & Riantoni, C. (2021). METODE PENELITIAN CAMPURAN: KONSEP, PROSEDUR DAN CONTOH PENERAPAN. Nasya Expanding Management (NEM).

Jamaludin, A. N. (2016). Sosiologi Pembangunan (1st Ed.). Pustaka Setia.

Jeong, H.-W. (2022). Theories Of Social Conflict. Encyclopedia Of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (Third Edition), 1, 459–465. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820195-4.00181-3

Jeong, Y. S. (2018). From Decommonisation To Re-Commonisation. Development And Society, 47(2), 169–194. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/90022836

Kiely, R. (2013). Sociology And Developmen (2nd Ed.). Routledge.

Kim, H. S., Bazarragchaa, B., Lee, S. M., Batdelger, G., Park, G. S., & Lee, J. (2021). Vegetation Community Classification Of The Sanzai Area In Mongolia. Journal Of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 14(2), 228–235. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Japb.2021.02.006

Kituyi, M. (2016). From Decisions To Action: Achieving The Sdgs. Horizons: Journal Of International Relations And Sustainable Development, 7, 190–199. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/48573676

Klinken, G., & Berenschot, W. (2016). In Search Of Middle Indonesia: Kelas Menengah Di Kota-Kota Menengah. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Lancione, M., Stefanizzi, A., & Gaboardi, M. (2018). Passive Adaptation Or Active Engagement? The Challenges Of Housing First Internationally And In The Italian Case. Housing Studies, 33(1), 40–57.

Landeghem, B. Van, & Vandeplas, A. (2018). The Relationship Between Status And Happiness: Evidence From The Caste System In Rural India. Journal Of Behavioral And Experimental Economics, 77, 62–71. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Socec.2018.08.006

Lena I. Fuldauer, Thacker, S., & W.Halla, J. (2021). Informing National Adaptation For Sustainable Development Through Spatial Systems Modelling. Global Environmental Change, 71(102396). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Gloenvcha.2021.102396

Liang, J., Du, T., Li, X., & He, M. (2018). Generation Of Mode-2 Internal Waves In A Two-Dimensional Stratification By A Mode-1 Internal Wave. Wave Motion, 83, 227–240. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Wavemoti.2018.09.014

Ljunggren, J. (2016). Economic Rewards In The Cultural Upper Class: The Impact Of Social Origin On Income Within The Norwegian Field Of Culture. Poetics, 57, 14–26. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Poetic.2016.05.003

M. Haas, P., & Ivanovskis, N. (2022). Prospects For Implementing The Sdgs. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability, 56(101176). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Cosust.2022.101176

Maeso, D. N., Patriarca, M., & Heinsalu, E. (2022). Influence Of Invasion On Natural Selection In Dispersal-Structured Populations. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics And Its Applications, 598(127389). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Physa.2022.127389

Mahadi, A., & Zhafri, N. (2021). Introduction — Making The Sdgs Matter: Leaving No One Behind. Institute Of Strategic And International Studies, 12. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep29683.6

Maunah, B. (2016). PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF STRUKTURAL FUNGSIONAL. Journal Of Education And Teaching, 10(2), 159–178. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.30957/Cendekia.V10i2.136

Meer, N., & Holmwood, J. (2016). John Holmwood: Sociology Of Structure, Sociology As Structure. Sociology, 5(5), 1002–1011. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26556382

Mejía, P., & Meléndez, M. (2014). MIDDLE-CLASS ENTREPRENEURS AND INADEQUATE PROSPECTS FOR SOCIAL MOBILITY THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN COLOMBIA. Latin American Journal Of Economics, 51(2), 279–305. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/90003523

Midgley, J. (2020). Pembangunan Sosial: Teori Dan Praktik (Irfan (Ed.); 1st Ed.). Gadjah Mada University Press.

Moinuddin, M., Zhou, X., Anna, Z., & Satriatna, B. (2021). Integration Of Climate Actions And Sdgs At The Sub-National Scale: Results From Stakeholder Consultation In West Java. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep38972

Muñoz, A., & Dick, E. (2015). Information Operations: The Imperative Of Doctrine Harmonization And Measures Of Effectiveness. Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep02416

Mwebesa, M. E., Yoh, K., & Doi, K. (2021). Developing The Logical Cross-Sectoral Framework Of Local Sdgs Project Targeting Safety And Sustainability. IATSS Research, 45(1), 49–59. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Iatssr.2021.03.005

Nolte, P. (2015). Social Inequality In History (Stratification And Classes). International Encyclopedia Of The Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 338–344. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.62021-4

Nong, P., Raj, M., Trinidad, M. G., Rowe, Z., & Platt, J. (2021). Understanding Racial Differences In Attitudes About Public Health Efforts During COVID-19 Using An Explanatory Mixed Methods Design. Social Science & Medicine, 287(114379). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Socscimed.2021.114379

Nundy, S., Ghosh, A., Mesloub, A., Albaqawy, G. A., & Alnaim, M. M. (2021). Impact Of COVID-19 Pandemic On Socio-Economic, Energy-Environment And Transport Sector Globally And Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Journal Of Cleaner Production, 312(127705). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jclepro.2021.127705

Obaideen, K., Shehata, N., Sayed, E. T., Abdelkareem, M. A., S.Mahmoud, M., & A.G.Olabi. (2022). The Role Of Wastewater Treatment In Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) And Sustainability Guideline. Energy Nexus, 7(100112). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Nexus.2022.100112

Okitasari, M., & Katramiz, T. (2022). The National Development Plans After The Sdgs: Steering Implications Of The Global Goals Towards National Development Planning. Earth System Governance, 12(100136). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Esg.2022.100136

Omer, M. A. B., & Noguchi, T. (2020). A Conceptual Framework For Understanding The Contribution Of Building Materials In The Achievement Of Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs). Sustainable Cities And Society, 52(101869). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Scs.2019.101869

ONU. (2020). Sustainable Development Goals: Guidelines For The Use Of The SDG. United Nations Department Of Global Communications, May, 1–68.

Panayotakis, C. (2014). Capitalism, Meritocracy, And Social Stratification: A Radical Reformulation Of The Davis-Moore Thesis. The American Journal Of Economics And Sociology, 73(1), 126–150. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/43818655

Panuluh, S., & Riskia Fitri, M. (2016). Perkembangan Pelaksanaan Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) Di Indonesia September 2015-September 2016.

Pattinasarany, I. R. I. (2016). Stratifikasi Dan Mobilitas Sosial (1st Ed.). Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia. Https://Books.Google.Co.Id/Books?Hl=Id&Lr=&Id=Nnfmdaaaqbaj&Oi=Fnd&Pg=PR21&Dq=Stratifikasi+Dan+Mobilitas+Indra+Pattinasarany&Ots=J4cndmtae0&Sig=Wotkuzb9ilc891gcdsygkowihdk&Redir_Esc=Y#V=Onepage&Q&F=False

Prayitno, G., Subagiyo, A., Dinanti, D., & Sari, N. (2021). Smart Village: Mewujudkan SDG’s Desa Berbasis Keterpaduan Pengelolaan Dan Inovasi Digital (1st Ed.). Universitas Brawijaya Press.

Priporas, C.-V., Chen, Y., Zhao, S., & Tan, H. (2020). An Exploratory Study Of The Upper Middle-Class Consumer Attitudes Towards Counterfeiting In China. Journal Of Retailing And Consumer Services, 53(101959). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jretconser.2019.101959

Prof, A. E. K., Dr, H. S., & Arch, A. M. (2016). The Problem Of Applying Sustainability Ideas In Urban Landscape In Developing Countries. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 34, 36–48. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Proenv.2016.04.007

Raharjo, M. M. (2020). Pengelolaan Dana Desa (1st Ed.). Bumi Aksara.

Ramadhani, R., & Bina, N. S. (2021). Statistika Penelitian Pendidikan: Analisis Perhitungan Matematis Dan Aplikasi SPSS (1st Ed.). Kencana.

Ravallion, M. (2012). Why Don’t We See Poverty Convergence? The American Economic Review, 102(1), 504–523. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/41408782

Reza, M. (2021). Sdgs Desa Dan Rekonstruksi Paradigma Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Sdgs Desa. Https://Sdgsdesa.Kemendesa.Go.Id/Sdgs-Desa-Dan-Rekonstruksi-Paradigma-Pembangunan-Berkelanjutan/

RI, B. (2020). Prioritas Penggunaan Dana Desa Tahun 2021. Https://Peraturan.Bpk.Go.Id/Home/Details/151181/Permendes-Pdtt-No-13-Tahun-2020

Ridho, S. (2017). Kelas Menengah Muslim Dan Kontestasi Wacana Pluralisme Agama Di Medsos. Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi, 4(2), 88–103.

Rudiyanto, A. (2020). PEDOMAN TEKNIS PENYUSUNAN RENCANA AKSI TUJUAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN (TPB)/ SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (Sdgs) (2nd Ed.). Kedeputian Bidang Kemaritiman Dan Sumber Daya Alam, Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.

Saiu, V., Blečić, I., & Meloni, I. (2021). Making Sustainability Development Goals (Sdgs) Operational At Suburban Level: Potentials And Limitations Of Neighbourhood Sustainability Assessment Tools. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 96(106845). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Eiar.2022.106845

Samsu. (2017). Metode Penelitian: Teori Dan Aplikasi Penelitian Kualitatif; Kuantitatif; Mixed Methods Serta Research & Development (Rusmini (Ed.); I). Pusat Studi Agama Dan Kemasyarakatan (PUSAKA).

Santika, W. G., Anisuzzaman, M., Simsek, Y., Bahri, P. A., Shafiullah, G. M., & Urmee, T. (2020). Implications Of The Sustainable Development Goals On National Energy Demand: The Case Of Indonesia. Energy, 196, 117100. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Energy.2020.117100

Schettino, F., & Khan, H. A. (2020). Income Polarization In The USA: What Happened To The Middle Class In The Last Few Decades? Structural Change And Economic Dynamics, 53, 149–161. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Strueco.2019.12.003

Schlingmann, A., Graham, S., Sanesteban, Marelle, A., Soleymanifard, R., Reyes-García, V., Benyei, P., Corbera, E., & Martinez, I. (2021). Global Patterns Of Adaptation To Climate Change By Indigenous Peoples And Local Communities. A Systematic Review. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability, 51, 55–64. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Cosust.2021.03.002

Schmelzer, M. (2015). The Growth Paradigm: History, Hegemony, And The Contested Making Of Economic Growthmanship. Ecological Economics, 118, 262–271. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ecolecon.2015.07.029

Schmidt-Traub, G., Hoff, H., & Bernlöhr, M. (2019). International Spillovers And The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs): Measuring How A Country’s Progress Towards The Sdgs Is Affected By Actions In Other Countries. Sustainable Development Solutions Network, 17. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep25834

Schober, R. (2019). Adaptation As Connection: A Network Theoretical Approach To Convergence, Participation, And Co-Production. In In J. Fehrle & W. Schäfke-Zell (Eds.), Adaptation In The Age Of Media Convergence (Pp. 31–56). Amsterdam University Press. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/J.Ctvpbnqd0.4

Shaw, R., Prabhakar, S., & Chiba, Y. (2016). Sdgs, DRR And CCA: Research Report Sdgs, DRR And CCA: Potential For Strengthening Inter-Linkages. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep02906

Smeeding, T. (2015). Poverty, Sociology Of. International Encyclopedia Of The Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 753–759. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.32113-4

Song, J., Cavusgil, E., Lid, J., & Luo, R. (2016). Social Stratification And Mobility Among Chinese Middle Class Households: An Empirical Investigation. International Business Review, 25(3), 646–656. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ibusrev.2015.04.009

Staff, Sdg. (2021). 5 DESA, SOSIALISASI APLIKASI Sdgs TAHUN 2021. 11 Mei. Https://Sdgsdesa.Kemendesa.Go.Id/5-Desa-Sosialisasi-Aplikasi-Sdgs-Tahun-2021/

Sumich, J. (2018). The Middle Class In Mozambique: The State And The Politics Of Transformation In Southern Africa (The International African Library). Cambridge University Press.

Surya, R. Z. (2019). ANALISA KESELARASAN Sdgs DENGAN PROGRAMPEMBANGUNAN DESA SERESAM DI DESA SERESAMDIKABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU. Jurnal Selodang Mayang, 5(2), 79–84. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.47521/Selodangmayang.V5inomor%202.130

Sutopo, A., Arthati, D. F., & Rahmi, U. A. (2014). Kajian Indikator Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs).

Sutrisna, I. W. (2021). Implementasi Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (Bpd) Dalam Mewujudkan Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) Desa. Cakrawarti, 4(1), 380–394. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.47532/Jic.V4i1.239

Suyanto, B. (2013). Sosiologi Ekonomi: Kapitalisme Dan Konsumsi Di Era Masyarakat Post-Modernisme (1st Ed.). Kencana - Prenada Media Group.

SVD, J. G. (2019). Manusia Makhluk Sosial Biologis (1st Ed.). Airlangga University Press.

Syukur, M. (2018). Dasar-Dasar Teori Sosiologi (1st Ed., Vol. 1). Rajagrafindo Persada.

Tairako, T. (2019). Marx On Peasants And Small-Scale Industry —The Changes Of Marx’s Insight Into The Pre-Capitalist Societies. Hitotsubashi Journal Of Social Studies, 50(1), 15–56. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/44974042

Tomé, J. P. M. (2018). Marx’s Law Of The Profit Rate And The Reproduction Of Capitalism: Neither Determinism Nor Overdetermination. World Review Of Political Economy, 9(1), 41–60. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.13169/Worlrevipoliecon.9.1.0041

Toyib Daulay, M. (2017). Model Pengendalian Kemiskinan Dengan Pendekatan Diversifikasi Usaha, Sustainable Development Goalds (Sdgs) Dan Economic Value (Studi Pada Daerah Pemekaran Di Sumatera Utara). QE Journal, 6(3), 203–221.

Trinh, B. (2022). The Moral Middle-Class In Market Socialism: An Investigation Into The Personhood Of Women Working In Ngos In Vietnam. Asian Journal Of Social Science, 50(2), 104–111. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ajss.2021.12.002

Tubergen, F. Van, Al-Modaf, O. A., Almosaed, N. F., & Al-Ghamdi, M. B. S. (2016). Personal Networks In Saudi Arabia: The Role Of Ascribed And Achieved Characteristics. Social Networks, 45, 45–54. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Socnet.2015.10.007

UNNES, L. (2022). BUKU PANDUAN UNNES GIAT: Penguatan Generasi Milenial Mendukung Sdgs Desa. LPPM UNNES.

Wijaya, N., & Furqan, A. (2018). Coastal Tourism And Climate-Related Disasters In An Archipelago Country Of Indonesia: Tourists’ Perspective. Procedia Engineering, 212, 535–542. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Proeng.2018.01.069

WILLIAMS, M., ZHOU, Y., & ZOU, M. (2020). The Changing Occupational Quality Structure. In Mapping Good Work: The Quality Of Working Life Across The Occupational Structure (Pp. 103–120). Bristol University Press. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/J.Ctv16754nr.12

Yago, K. (2020). Convergence And Divergence Over The Growth Paradigm. Varia, 17(4), 697–714. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26956221

Ypi, L. (2014). On Revolution In Kant And Marx. Political Theory, 42(3), 262–287. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/24571401

Yunginger, R., & Dako, A. (2021). Strategi Program Kampung Iklim Berbasis Bottom Up Participative Dalam Mendorong Pencapaian Target Sdgs Di Desa Hutadaa. Sibermas (Sinergi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat), 10(2), 407–423. Https://Doi.Org/10.37905/Sibermas.V10i2.10408

Yuswohady, & Gani, K. E. (2015). 8 Wajah Kelas Menengah. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Https://Books.Google.Co.Id/Books?Hl=Id&Lr=&Id=Prhidwaaqbaj&Oi=Fnd&Pg=PP1&Dq=8+Wajah+Kelas+Menengah&Ots=Txuohxzikb&Sig=S_Awuz5tkxh0y6bbudnlna3ghiu&Redir_Esc=Y#V=Onepage&Q&F=False

Zagonari, F. (2018). Responsibility, Inequality, Efficiency, And Equity In Four Sustainability Paradigms: Policies For A Shared Sea From A Multi-Country Analytical Model. Marine Policy, 87, 123–134. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Marpol.2017.10.016

Zhao, Y., Chau, K. Y., Shen, H., Duan, X., & Huang, S. (2020). The Influence Of Tourists’ Perceived Value And Demographic Characteristics On The Homestay Industry: A Study Based On Social Stratification Theory. Journal Of Hospitality And Tourism Management, 45, 479–485. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jhtm.2020.10.012




DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/djash.v1i3.25416

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.