Abdinda Firdausi Nuzula and Ma’rifatul Munjiah 2025. THE POETICS OF RESISTANCE: MIRROR OF SOCIETY AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONS IN MAHMUD DARWISH’S QASIDAT AL-ARDH WITHIN IAN WATT’S SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE. Hijai - Journal on Arabic Language and Literature. 8, 2 (Nov. 2025), 244–265. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15575/hijai.v8i2.52408.