Islamic Philanthropy and the Third Sector: The Portrait of Zakat Organizations in Indonesia


Dani Muhtada(1*)

(1) , Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This paper discusses the role of zakat organizations as the emerging Third Sector in Indonesia. It presents the profiles of three currently leading zakat organizations: Rumah Zakat Indonesia (RZI), Dompet Dhuafa (DD), and Pos Keadilan Peduli Ummat (PKPU). This paper highlights that the zakat organizations play an important role in serving public needs in Indonesia. They offer many services in such areas as health, economy, education, agriculture, and disaster reliefs. Competition does exist among zakat organizations, particularly if they operate in the same areas and target the same segment of donors (e.g., wealthy Muslims in urban areas). This paper argues that some more efforts are still needed to strengthen the roles of zakat organizations as part of the Indonesian third sector. This could be achieved through strengthening the accountability and the transparency of zakat management as well as by encouraging zakat organizations to allocate more funds for economic development programs. Allocating more funds for economic development programs would make zakat organizations more powerful in promoting social welfare in the society.


Keywords


Islamic Philanthropy; Third Sector; Zakat Organizations; Indonesia

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alekseyeva, L. “The ‘Third Sector’ and the Authorities,” Social Sciences, 34: 3 (2003): 122-128.

Alfitri. “The Law of Zakat Management and Non-governmental Zakat Collectors in Indonesia,” The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law, 8: 2 (2006).

Al-Qaradā̛wī, Yūsuf. Fiqh al-Zakah, trans. Monzer Kahf, vol. 2. Jeddah: King Abdul Aziz University, 2008). Retrieved from http://monzer.kahf.com/books/english/fiqhalzakah_vol2.pdf, February 6, 2010.

Bashear, S. “On the Origins and Development of the Meaning of Zakat in Early Islam,” Arabica, 40 (1993): 84-113.

Benthall, J. “Financial Worship: The Quranic Injunction to Almsgiving,” The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 5: 1 (1999): 27-42.

Berger, I. E. “The Influence of Religion on Philanthropy in Canada,” Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 17: 2 (2006): 115-132.

Carin, B. and Good, D. A. “Evaluating Efficiency and Effectiveness in Public Sector Delivery,” a paper prepared as part of the CEPRA project on Sector and Regional Specifics of Reformation of Budgetary Institutions for the Kaliningrad Workshop, July 24-25 (2004) (retrieved from, http://www.aucc.ca/_pdf/english/programs/cepra/Evaluation_Paper.pdf, February 6, 2010).

Couto, R. A. “The Third Sector and Civil Society: The Case of the “YES” Campaign in Northern Ireland,” Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 12: 3 (2001): 221-238.

Dompet Dhuafa 2010, retrieved May 20, 2010, from http://www.dompetdhuafa.or.id/

Forum Zakat 2010, retrieved May 20, 2010, from http://forumzakat.net/

Gidron, B. et. al. ”Through a New Lens: The Third Sector and Israeli Society,” Israel Studies, 8: 1 (2003): 20-59.

Hemment, J. “The Riddle of the Third Sector: Civil Society, International Aid, and NGOs in Russia,” Anthropological Quarterly, 77: 2 (2004): 215-241.

Human Appeal International 2010, retrieved May 20, from http://www.humanappeal.org.au/

Jones, E. M. “Building a Future Worthy of Our Past,” Foundation: News & Commentary, 46: 4 (2005) (retrieved from http://www.foundationnews.org/CME/articles.cfm?ID=110&IssueID=3333, May 8, 2010).

Kuran, T. “The Economic System in Contemporary Islamic Thought: Interpretation and Assessment,” International Journal of Middle East Studies, 18: 2 (1986): 135-164.

Lohmann, R. A. “Charity, Philanthropy, Public Service, or Enterprise: What Are the Big Questions of Nonprofit Management Today?” Public Administration Review, 67: 3 (2007): 437-444.

McMullen, K. and Schellenberg, G. “Job Quality in Non-profit Organizations,” CPRN Research Series on Human Resources in the Non-profit Sector, 2 (2003) (retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/1b/20/c1.pdf, February 6, 2010).

Payton, R. L. “Philanthropic Values,” Philanthropy: Private Means, Public Ends ed. K. W. Thompson. New York: University Press of America, 1987. (Retrieved from http://webstorage3.mcpa.virginia.edu/publications/mcpapers/rhetoric4.pdf, February 6, 2010).

Pos Keadilan Peduli Ummat 2010, retrieved May 20, 2010, from http://www.pkpu.or.id/

Pierce, L. L. “Philanthropy: A Major Big Business,” The Public Opinion Quarterly, 2: 1 (1938): 140-15.

Ranci, C. “Democracy at Work: Social Participation and the ‘Third Sector’ in Italy,” Daedalus, 130: 3 (2001): 73-84.

Ross, A. D. “Organized Philanthropy in an Urban Community,” The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 18: 4 (1952): 474-486.

Rumah Zakat Indonesia 2010, retrieved May 20, 2010, from http://www.rumahzakat.org/

Salim, A. The Shift in Zakat Practice in Indonesia: From Piety to an Islamic Socio-Political-Economic System. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 2008.

---------. “The Influential Legacy of Dutch Islamic Policy on the Formation of Zakat (alms) Law in Modern Indonesia,” Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, 15: 3 (2006): 683-701.

Syamsulhakim, E. “The Effect of the Implementation of the New Regulation on Personal Income Taxation in Indonesia (the Law Number 17/2000) on the Behavioral of Personal Income Tax and Islamic Income Tithe (zakā̛t al-mā̛l) Payer,” Working Paper in Economics and Development Studies, Department of Economics, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia (2002). (Retrieved from http://www.equitablepolicy.org/wpaper/200202.pdf, May 20, 2010).

The Synergos Institute. National Directory of Civil Society Resource Organizations: Indonesia. 2002: 1-42. (Retrieved from http://www.synergos.org/knowledge/02/indonesiacsrodirectory.pdf, May 20, 2010).

Washburn, W. E. “Philanthropy and the American Indian: The Need for a Model,” Ethnohistory, 15: 1 (1968): 43-56.

World Bank. Indonesia at a glance (2009). (Retrieved from http://devdata.worldbank.org/AAG/idn_aag.pdf, May 20, 2010).

Wolpert, J. and Reiner, T. “The Philanthropy Marketplace,” Economic Geography, 60: 3 (1984): 197-209.

Zakat Foundation of America 2010, retrieved May 20, 2010, from http://www.zakat.org/




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/isin.v1i1.43

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Flag Counter

View My Stats

Creative Commons License

Islamika indonesiana is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License