STUDI TENTANG PEMODELAN ARUS LALU LINTAS


Rina Mardiati(1*)

(1) Jurusan Teknik Elektro, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Bandung, Indonesia, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Permasalahan transportasi saat ini masih menjadi pemasalahan utama pada setiap negara, khususnya negara berkembang. Masalah transportasi dihadapkan pada fenomena kemacetan, banyaknya polusi yang dihasilkan oleh kendaraan, sampai kepada masih tingginya tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas tiap tahunnya. Hal ini, bukan saja disebabkan oleh perilaku pengemudi jalan raya saja, akan tetapi perencanaan arus lalu lintas pun menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Salah satu alternatif penyelesaian untuk dapat mengatur dan memanajemen arus lalu lintas adalah dengan memodelkan arus lalu lintas serta mensimulasikannya dalam komputer sehingga dapat diperoleh prediksi-prediksi yang akan terjadi pada simulasi tersebut. Studi literatur mengenai pemodelan dan simulasi arus lalu lintas terus berkembang sejak setengah abad yang lalu dalam upaya memperoleh sebuah pemodelan yang akurat dan mewakili fenomena yang terjadi sebenarnya. Pemodelan arus lalu lintas berbasis komputer dapat dibagi menjadi tiga skala utama, yaitu: mikroskopik, mesoskopik dan makroskopik. Pada skala mikroskopik, pemodelan arus lalu lintas digambarkan sedetail mungkin yang mencakup perilaku setiap kendaraan dan interaksinya. Pada paper ini dilakukan survey terhadap penelitian terdahulu yang membahas mengenai pemodelan arus lalu lintas pada skala mikroskopik. Pada bagian pertama akan dijelaskan gambaran dan pemahaman mengenai pemodelan arus lalu lintas, pemahaman mengenai model mikroskopik arus dan beberapa penelitian mengenai model yang sudah dikembangkan untuk simulasi mikroskopik beberapa tahun terakhir. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembahasan mengenai pemodelan arus mikroskopik dihubungkan dengan permasalahan transportasi yang ada di Indonesia. Pada paper ini juga memberikan kemungkinan pengembangan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk model mikroskopik lalu lintas.

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