The effect of shoot explant types of eleven stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) accessions on in vitro growth


Suseno Amien(1*), Arini Zahra Azhari(2), Citra Bakti(3), Haris Maulana(4)

(1) Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(4) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Explants play an important role in thepropagation system of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this experiment with factorial pattern consisting of two factors, namely three types of explants (shoot tip, first node, and second node) and eleven accessions of stevia namely a1 (Bogor), a2 (Garut), a3 (Canada), a4 (Tawangmangu), a5 (STG1), a6 (SBG 4), a7 (SBG 10), a8 (SGB 2), a9 (BR5), a10 (SGR 7.5), a11 (TR 3.5). The results showed that shoot tip explant was the best explant than first node and second node for the number of shoots (18.11 shoots), number of leaves (93.49 leaves) and wet weight (3.56 grams). The best accession of shoot height was a10(SGR 7.5) (19.95 cm), the highest number of shoots wasa7(SBG 10) (21.87 shoots), the highest number of leaves wasa7(SBG 10) (138.00 leaves), the heaviest wet weight wasa7(SBG 10) (3.56 grams), the highest leaf chlorophyll content was a10 (SGR 7.5) (0.63 µg mL-1). Accessions with the fastest root initiation time at the rooting stage was a11 (TR 3.5) (4.00 DAC), the highest number of roots wasa10(TR 3.5) (27.11 roots), the best root length wasa2(Garut) (4.51 cm). Information on the best explant types and stevia accessions in the in-vitro multiplication stage can be used as the basis for stevia breeding programs in Indonesia.

Abstract

Eksplan berperan penting dalam sistem perbanyakan Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu tiga jenis eksplan (ujung pucuk, ruas pertama, dan ruas kedua) dan sebelas aksesi stevia yaitu a1 (Bogor), a2 (Garut), a3 (Canada), a4 (Tawangmangu), a5 (STG1), a6 (SBG 4), a7 (SBG 10), a8 (SGB 2), a9 (BR5), a10 (SGR 7.5), a11 (TR 3.5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksplan ujung pucuk merupakan eksplan terbaik dibandingkan buku pertama dan kedua untuk jumlah tunas (18,11 tunas), jumlah daun (93,49 daun) dan berat basah (3,56 gram). Aksesi terbaik pada tinggi pucuk adalah a10(SGR 7.5) (19,95 cm), jumlah pucuk tertinggi a7 (SBG 10) (21,87 pucuk), jumlah daun terbanyak a7 (SBG 10) (138.00 helai daun), bobot basah terberat a7 (SBG 10) (3,56 gram), kandungan klorofil daun tertinggi adalah GR 7,5 (0,63 µg mL-1). Aksesi dengan waktu inisiasi akar tercepat pada tahap perakaran adalah TR 3,5 (4,00 HST), jumlah akar terbanyak adalah TR 3,5 (27,11 akar), panjang akar terbaik adalah a2(Garut) (4,51 cm). Informasi jenis eksplan dan aksesi stevia terbaik pada tahap multiplikasi in-vitro dapat dijadikan dasar program pemuliaan stevia di Indonesia.


Keywords


Accession, Explant, In vitro, Shoot tip, Stevia rebaudiana

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alhady, M. R. A. A. (2011). Micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. A new sweetening crop in Egypt. Global Journal of Biotechnology & Biochemistry, 6(4), 178–182.

Baghel, S., & Bansal, Y. K. (2017). In vitro regeneration of Guizotia abyssinica Cass. and evaluation of genetic fidelity through RAPD markers. South African Journal of Botany, 109, 294–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.01.002

Banu, N. A., Islam, S., Islam, M. A., & Alam, M. K. (2017). In vitro propagation from shoot tip and nodal segment in summer tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Plant Environment Development, 6(I), 31–38.

Chagas-Paula, D. A., Oliveira, T. B., Zhang, T., Edrada-Ebel, R. A., & Da Costa, F. B. (2015). Prediction of anti-inflammatory plants and discovery of their biomarkers by machine learning algorithms and metabolomic studies. Planta Medica, 1–9. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0034-1396206

Deshmukh, S., & Ade, R. (2012). In vitro rapid multiplication of Stevia rebaudiana : an important natural sweetener herb. Nusantara Bioscience, 4(3), 105–108. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n040303

Dogan, M., Karatas, M., & Aasim, M. (2016). In vitro shoot regeneration from shoot tip and nodal segment explants of Pogostemon erectus (Dalzell) kuntze , a multipurpose ornamental aquatic plant. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(11), 4777–4782.

Driver JA and Kuniyuki AH. 1984. In vitro propagation of Paradox walnut Juglans hindsii × Juglans regia rootstock. HortScience,19:507-9

Ermayanti, T. M., Rantau, D. E., Hafiizh, E. Al, & Maulana, E. (2017). Peningkatan pertumbuhan kultur tunas Stevia rebaudiana bertoni pada media dengan peningkatan kadar vitamin dan glisin serta penggunaan jenis tutup tabung berbeda. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia, 13(2), 213–222.

Hossain, M. A., Kabir, A. H. M. S., Jahan, T. A., & Hasan, M. N. (2008). Micropopagation of Stevia. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production, 3(4), 1–9.

Hossain, M. F., Islam, M. T., Islam, M. A., & Akhtar, S. (2017). Cultivation and uses of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni): A review. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 17(4), 12745–12757. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.80.16595

Hu, W., Fagundez, S., Katin-grazzini, L., Li, Y., Li, W., Chen, Y., Wang, X., & Deng, Z. (2017). Endogenous auxin and its manipulation influence in vitro shoot organogenesis of citrus epicotyl explants. Horticulture Research, 4, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/hortres.2017.71

Misra, H., Mehta, D., Mehta, B. K., & Jain, D. C. (2015). Antihypertensive (blood pressure lowering) effects of stevioside, from stevia rebaudiana bertoni, on rats, dogs and humans – a short review. Indian Journal of Drugs, 3(4), 102–108.

Naranjo, E. J., Betin, O. F., Inés, A., Trujillo, U., Posada, R. C., & Atehortúa, L. (2016). Effect of genotype on the in vitro regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana via somatic embryogenesis. Acta Biologica Colombiana, 21(1), 87–98. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n1.47382

Raina, R., Bhandari, S. K., Chand, R., & Sharma, Y. (2013). Strategies to improve poor seed germination in Stevia rebaudiana, a low calorie sweetener. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(24), 1793–1799. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR12.226

Rock-Okuyucu, B., Bayraktar, M., Akgun, I. H., & Gurel, A. (2016). Plant Growth Regulator Effects on In Vitro Propagation and Stevioside Production in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Horticulture Science, 51(12), 1573–1580. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI11093-16

Singh, M., Saharan, V., Dayma, J., Rajpurohit, D., Sen, Y., & Sharma, A. (2017). In vitro propagation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni): An overview. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(7), 1010–1022.

Smith, R. H. (2013). Plant Tissue Culture. Techniques and Experiments (Third Edit). Academic Press.

Sumaryono, & Sinta, M. M. (2011). Peningkatan laju multiplikasi tunas dan keragaan planlet Stevia rebaudiana pada kultur in vitro. Menara Perkebunan, 79(2), 49–56.

Ucar, E., Ozyigit, Y., Eruygur, N., Güven, D., Yur, S., Turgut, K., Özek, T., & Kütük, N. (2018). The effect of the plant age and growth period on the nutritional substance, chlorophyll and steviol glycoside rates in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) leaves. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49(3), 291–302. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2018.1424894




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/13367

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons Licence

Jurnal Agro (J. Agro: ISSN 2407-7933) by http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/ja/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.