Penentuan umur panen beberapa kultivar mangga (Mangifera indica L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/19684Keywords:
Kualitas Buah, Mangga, Umur PanenAbstract
Salah satu penyebab rendahnya kualitas buah mangga adalah umur panen yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur panen terhadap kualitas beberapa kultivar mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Juli sampai November 2021 di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor yang diuji adalah kombinasi antara kultivar mangga (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo) dengan umur panen (60, 75, 90, 105, dan 120 hari setelah bunga mekar). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 2 kali sehingga didapat 40 satuan percobaan. Variabel yang diamati adalah bobot segar buah, susut bobot buah, kekerasan buah, vitamin C, dan total padatan terlarut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot buah Arumanis dan Cengkir pada umur 90–120 Hari Setelah Bungan Mekar (HSBM) lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar lainnya. Susut bobot paling rendah terjadi pada Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis umur 120 HSBM sedangkan kandungan vitamin C dan total padatan terlarut yang tinggi diperoleh pada Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo umur 120 hari setelah bunga mekar. Umur panen terbaik untuk semua kultivar adalah antara 90–120 HSBM.
ABSTRACT
One of the causes of mango’s low quality is the improper harvesting age. This study aimed to determine the effect of harvest age on the quality of several mango cultivars (Mangifera indicaL.). This research was carried out from July to November 2021 at the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. The research method used was the experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factor tested was a combination of mango cultivars (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo) and harvest age (60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 days after the flower blooms). The treatment was repeated 2 times so that 40 trials were obtained. The variables age observed were fresh fruit weight, fruit weight loss, fruit hardness, vitamin C, and total dissolved solids. The results showed that Arumanis and Cengkir fruit weights of 90-120 days after blooming (DAB) were higher than other cultivars. The lowest weight loss occurred in Gedong Gincu and Arumanis at 120 DAB, vitamin C content and total soluble solids were obtained in Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo at 120 DAB. The best harvest age for all cultivars was between 90 – 120 DAB.
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