Pengaruh bahan pembawa terhadap efektifitas bakteri pelarut fosfat pada pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai (Glycine max L.) pada inceptisol


Pujawati Suryatmana(1*), Andi Hana Mufidah Elmirasari(2), Reginawanti Hindersah(3), Betty Natalie Fitriatin(4), Mieke Rochimi Setiawati(5)

(1) Jurusan Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(3) Jurusan Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(4) Jurusan Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran,  
(5) Jurusan Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran,  
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Attempt to increase soybean production while maintaining soil health can be done by utilizing biofertilizers. However, the application of biological fertilizers on Inceptisols which tend to be acidic often go to meet the problems in its effectiveness. So it is necessary to maintain the effectiveness of inoculants through the selection of appropriate carrier materials. The experiment aimed to determine the effect of the application of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) in carrier materials from agricultural waste (molasses, coconut water, and bran) to increase BPF viability, growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) on Inceptisols in Jatinangor. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of a control treatment (without BPF inoculant), BPF without organic matter; BPF combined with three types of organic matter (each: molasses, coconut water, and rice bran and their mixtures). Experimental results showed that coconut water and rice bran could potentially maintain the viability of the BPF population. Coconut water could significantly increase the number and weight of seeds per soybean plant, with an increase in yield of 41.176% and 18.823%, respectively. Coconut water is an organic substance that has the most potential as a stimulant  material compared with molasses or bran.

ABSTRAK

 

Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai sekaligus mempertahankan kesehatan tanah dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan pupuk hayati (biofertilizers). Namun aplikasi pupuk hayati pada Inceptisol yang cenderung masam sering mengalami kendala dalam efektifitasnya. Sehingga perlu upaya untuk menjaga efektifitas inokulan melalui pemilihan bahan pembawa yang tepat. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) dalam bahan pembawa dari limbah pertanian (molase, air kelapa, dan dedak) untuk meningkatkan viabilitas BPF, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.)  pada Inceptisols di Jatinangor. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah kaca kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Unpad. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari perlakuan kontrol (tanpa inokulan BPF), BPF tanpa bahan organik; BPF dikombinasikan dengan tiga jenis bahan organik (masing-masing: molase, air kelapa, dedak padi,  dan campurannya). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa air kelapa dan dedak padi berpotensi dapat mempertahankan viabilitas populasi BPF. Air kelapa dapat meningkatkan jumlah dan bobot biji per tanaman kedelai secara signifikan, dengan peningkatan hasil masing-masing sebesar 41,176% dan 18,823%. Air kelapa merupakan bahan organik yang paling potensial sebagai bahan stimulan dibandingkan molase maupun dedak. Air kelapa mengandung glukosa, fruktosa, dan sukrosa, asam glutamat dan asam aspartat yang dapat berperan dalam memacu aktifitas BPF.


Keywords


air kelapa, bakteri pelarut fosfat, dedak, molase, Inceptisols.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/25039

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