Kolonisasi mikoriza Claroideoglomus etunicatum dalam menurunkan penyakit busuk akar Rhizoctonia solani pada kacang hijau

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/36464

Keywords:

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Mung Bean, Rhizoctonia solani, Root Rot

Abstract

Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is widely cultivated in Indonesia, but root rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani can decrease production. Arbuscular mycorrhiza can be an alternative biocontrol to control root rot. This research aimed to determine the character of R. solani, analyze the growth of mung bean infected by R. solani inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and determine the severity suppression of root rot disease in mung bean inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi C. etunicatum. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and four replications including control (without inoculation), R. solani, 120 spores of C. etunicatum, 180 spores of C. etunicatum, 120 spores of C. etunicatum + R. solani, and 180 spores of C. etunicatum + R. solani. This research showed that R. solani had white to brown colonies, cottony, septate hyphae with 90° branching, hyphae width 5.45 – 9.79 μm, multinucleate, slow growth with an abundant-aerial pattern. Inoculation of C. etunicatum on mung bean infected by R. solani had a significant effect on increasing shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and pod length and C. etunicatum reduced the intensity of R. solani disease by 44.44 – 55.46% and reduced the infection of R. solani in mung bean root by 38.10 – 52.38%. In conclusion, C. etunicatum was able to suppress the severity of rot root disease caused by R. solani on mung bean. ABSTRAK Kacang hijau (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia, tetapi penyakit busuk akar akibat Rhizoctonia solani menyebabkan penurunan jumlah produksi. Mikoriza arbuskular dapat menjadi alternatif biokontrol untuk mengendalikan busuk akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter jamur R. solani, menganalisis pertumbuhan kacang hijau terinfeksi R. solani yang diinokulasi jamur mikoriza Claroideoglomus etunicatum, serta mengetahui penekanan keparahan penyakit busuk akar pada kacang hijau yang diinokulasi jamur mikoriza C. etunicatum. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan, yaitu kontrol (tanpa inokulasi), R. solani, 120 spora C. etunicatum, 180 spora C. etunicatum, 120 spora C. etunicatum + R. solani, dan 180 spora C. etunicatum + R. solani. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa R. solani memiliki koloni putih hingga coklat, cottony, hifa bersekat dengan percabangan 90°, lebar hifa 5,45 – 9,79 μm, multinukleat, pertumbuhan slow dengan pola abundant-aerial. Inokulasi C. etunicatum pada kacang hijau terinfeksi R. solani berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan berat basah tajuk, berat kering tajuk, dan panjang polong serta C. etunicatum menurunkan intensitas penyakit R.solani sebesar 44,44% – 55,56% dan menurunkan infeksi R. solani pada akar kacang hijau sebesar 38,10% – 52,38%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, C. etunicatum mampu menekan keparahan penyakit busuk akar oleh R. solani pada kacang hijau.

Author Biographies

Laila Uswatun Chasanah, Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada

Departemen Biologi Tropika

Rina Sri Kasiamdari, Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada

Departemen Biologi Tropika

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Published

2025-01-03

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)

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Original Research Articles

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