Konservasi in vitro dua aksesi lili mealui modifikasi media kultur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/4179Keywords:
keragaan in vivo, konsentrasi sukrosa, konservasi in vitro, Lili, modifikasi mediaAbstract
Konservasi in vitro merupakan salah satu alternatif penyimpanan materi genetik dalam kondisi aseptik. Metode ini dapat mengurangi resiko kepunahan materi genetik akibat kondisi lingkungan yang ekstrem dan kerumitan pengelolaan pada skala in vivo terutama untuk tanaman yang berasal dari subtropis, seperti lili. Metode penghambatan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan plantlet selama perlakuan konservasi merupakan faktor penting untuk kelangsungan hidup materi genetik yang disimpan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi media konservasi melalui modifikasi kandungan nutrien dan konsentrasi sukrosa untuk konservasi in vitro jangka menengah terhadap dua aksesi lili yaitu lokal Lilium longiflorum dan cv. Candilongi. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias mulai Januari 2015 sampai September 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju kematian plantlet semakin meningkat seiring dengan lamanya waktu penyimpanan. Laju kematian plantlet dengan pertumbuhan daun yang terendah diperlihatkan oleh plantlet Lili yang dikonservasi pada media ¼ MS + 7 % sukrosa dengan kisaran 27-31 % setelah 24 bulan penyimpanan. Dua genotipe lili menunjukkan respon pertumbuhan yang berbeda selama konservasi in vitro dan in vivo, namun tidak pada media konservasi yang dicoba. Plantlet lili lokal L. longiflorum mempunyai jumlah daun lebih sedikit selama konservasi in vitro. Sedangkan cv. Candilongi memperlihatkan tinggi tanaman yang lebih rendah dengan jumlah bunga lebih banyak dan ukuran bunga lebih besar pada evaluasi in vivo.
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ABSTRACT
In vitro conservation is an alternative method of plant genetic resources preservation in aseptic condition. The method has successfully applied in many crops and reduced the limitation of in vivoconservation of non-native crop as Lily planted in the tropic area. Growth inhibition method and plantlet resistance are important factors to ensure the life-span of the conserved plantlet during in vitro storage. The research aimed to evaluate the media compositions and sucrose concentrations for mid-term conservation of two Lilium accessions, local L. longiflorum and cv. Candilongi. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January 2015 to September 2017. The results showed the plantlet death rates increased in line with the duration of storages. After 24 months storage, plantlets conserved under ¼ MS + 7% sucrose showed fewer numbers of leaves and death plantlets in the range of 27-31%. Growth plantlet retardation during storage was merely detected on local L. longiflorum that showed less leaves development. Plantlet of cv. Candilongi had shorter plant height, yet bigger flower size and higher number of flower per plant under in vivo evaluation.
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