Susceptibility and damage cereals to infestation Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in storage


Hendrival Hendrival(1*), Dhea Afriani(2), Dewi Sartika Aryani(3)

(1) Program Studi Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia
(2) ,  
(3) ,  
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Rhyzopertha dominica is a primary pest which causes damages to stored cereals such as corn, grain, rice, wheat, sorghum, tubers, and starch-containing substrates and packaging made from wood.  They not only cause losses in terms of quantity but also affect quality during storage period through their feeding activities.  The aimed of this research to investigate the level of susceptibility and damage to cereals during the storage period by pest R. dominica. The cereals used in the study were sorghum, wheat, corn, rice grain, white rice, black glutinous rice, and white glutinous rice. The method used in this research was no-choice bioassay with variables observed: number of F1 progeny, median development time and damage cereals. The results revealed that that different kind of cereals had a different level of susceptibility to infestation by R. dominica from moderate to susceptible. Sorghum, corn, rice, white rice, and white glutinous rice were classified as moderate, while wheat was classified as susceptible and black glutinous rice was moderate–susceptible. The highest losses were found in wheat, black glutinous rice, corn, and rice grain while the lowest were found in sorghum, white rice and white glutinous rice. The study showed that cereals that were susceptible may not stored for a long time to minimize the loss of grain weight.

ABSTRAK

 

Rhyzopertha dominica tergolong hama primer yang merusak serealia seperti jagung, gabah, beras, gandum, sorgum, umbi, dan substrat mengandung pati serta kemasan yang terbuat dari kayu. Kerusakan serealia selama penyimpanan meliputi kerusakan kuantitas dan kualitas yang disebabkan oleh hama R. dominica. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan dan kerusakan serealia selama penyimpanan oleh hama R. dominica. Jenis serealia yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari sorgum, gandum, jagung, gabah, beras putih, beras ketan hitam, dan beras ketan putih. Metode uji tanpa pilihan dengan variabel yang diamati yaitu jumlah F1, median waktu perkembangan, dan kerusakan serealia.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis serealia memiliki tingkat kerentanan dari moderat sampai rentan terhadap infestasi hama R. dominica. Serealia dari sorgum, jagung, padi, beras putih, dan beras ketan putih tergolong dalam kategori moderat, sedangkan gandum tergolong dalam kategori rentan, serta beras ketan hitam tergolong moderat–rentan terhadap serangan R. dominica. Tingkat kerusakan serealia seperti persentase serealia berlubang dan persentase bubuk serealia paling tinggi terjadi pada gandum, beras ketan hitam, jagung dan padi sedangkan kerusakan yang terendah yaitu pada sorgum, beras putih, dan beras ketan putih. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serealia yang rentan tidak boleh disimpan dalam waktu yang lama untuk meminimalkan kehilangan berat.


Keywords


cereals, damage, susceptibility, susceptibility index, Rhyzopertha dominica

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abebe, F., Tefera, T., Mugo, S., Beyene, Y., & Vidal, S. (2009). Resistance of maize varieties to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(21), 5937–5943. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajb.v8i21.66077

Ahmedani, M.S., Haque, M.I., Afzal, S.N., Aslam, M., & Naz, S. (2009). Varietal changes in nutritional composition of wheat kernel (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by khapra beetle infestation. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(3), 1511–1519.

Ajaykumara, K.M., Thirumalaraju, G.T., & Anjali, A.S. (2018). Seasonal variations in the biology of besser brain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae ) on btored baize under baboratory conditions. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(1), 516–522.

Arthur, F.H., Ondier, G.O., & Siebenmorgen, T.J. (2012). Impact of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) on quality parameters of milled rice. Journal of Stored Products Research, 48, 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2011.10.010

Astuti, L.P., Mudjiono, G., Rasminah, C.S., & Rahardjo, B.T. (2013). Susceptibility of milled rice varieties to the lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica F). Journal of Agricultural Science, 5(2), 145–149. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v5n2p145

Chanbang, Y., Arthur, F.H., Wilde, G.E., & Throne, J.E. (2008). Hull characteristics as related to susceptibility of different varieties of rough rice to Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 44(3), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2007.10.003

Chen, C.Y., & Chen, M.E. (2013). Susceptibility of field populations of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), to deltamethrin and spinosad on paddy rice in Taiwan. Journal of Stored Products Research, 55, 124–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2013.10.001

Chougourou, D.C., Togola, A., Nwilene, F. E., Adeliossi, J., Bachabi, F., & Oyetunji, O.E. (2013). Susceptibility of some rice varieties to the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Benin. Journal of Applied Sciences, 13(1), 173–177. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2013.173.177

Dobie, P. (1974). The laboratory assessment of the inherent susceptibility of maize varieties to post-harvest infestation by Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 10(3–4), 183–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(74)90006-X

Edde, P.A. (2012). A review of the biology and control of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) the lesser grain borer. Journal of Stored Products Research, 48, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2011.08.007

Edde, P.A., Phillips, T.W., & Toews, M.D. (2005). Responses of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) to its aggregation pheromones as influenced by trap design, trap height, and habitat. Environmental Entomology, 34(6), 1549–1557. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-34.6.1549

Goftishu, M., & Belete, K. (2014). Susceptibility of sorghum varieties to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(31), 2419–2426. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2014.8634

Hagstrum, D. W., & Subramanyam, B. (2006). Fundamentals of Stored-Product Entomology. St. Paul, Minnesota USA: AACC International.

Hendrival, & Muetia, R. (2016). Pengaruh periode penyimpanan beras terhadap pertumbuhan populasi Sitophilus oryzae (L.) dan kerusakan beras. Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 4(2), 95–101 (Indonesian). https://doi.org/10.24252/bio.v4i2.2514

Keba, T., & Sori, W. (2013). Differential resistance of maize varieties to maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Entomology, 10(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2013.1.12

Kumar, R. (2017). Insect pests of stored grain: Biology, behavior, and management strategies. In Insect Pests of Stored Grain: Biology, Behavior, and Management Strategies. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315365695

Mahroof, R.M., Edde, P.A., Robertson, B., Puckette, J.A., & Phillips, T.W. (2010). Dispersal of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in different habitats. Environmental Entomology, 39(3), 930–938. https://doi.org/10.1603/en09243

Nayak, M.K., & Daglish, G.J. (2018). Importance of Stored Product Insects. In Recent Advances in Stored Product Protection (pp. 1–17). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56125-6_1

Park, S., Arthur, F.H., Bean, S.R., & Schober, T.J. (2008). Impact of differing population levels of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) on milling and physicochemical properties of sorghum kernel and flour. Journal of Stored Products Research, 44(4), 322–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2008.02.008

Perišić, V., Perišić, V., Vukajlović, F., Pešić, S., Predojević, D., Đekić, V., & Luković, K. (2018). Feeding preferences and progeny production of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in small grains. BIOLOGICA NYSSANA, 9(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1470852

Saad, A.S.A., Tayeb, E.H.M., El-Shazli, M.M., & Baheeg, S.A. (2018). Susceptibility of certain Egyptian and imported wheat cultivars to infestation by Sitophilus oryzae and Rhyzopertha dominica. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 51(1–2), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2018.1438779

Shafique, M., & Chaudry, M.A. (2007). Susceptibility of maize grains to storage insects. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 39(2), 77–81.

Toews, M.D., Cuperus, G.W., & Phillips, T.W. (2000). Susceptibility of eight U.S. wheat cultivars to infestation by Rhyzopertha dominica. Environmental Entomology, 29(2), 250–255.

Toews, M.D., Phillips, T.W., & Cuperus, G.W. (2001). Effects of wheat cultivar and temperature on suppression of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) by the parasitoid Theocolax elegans (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Biological Control, 21(2), 120–127. https://doi.org/10.1006/bcon.2001.0926

Vardeman, E.A., Campbell, J.F., Arthur, F.H., & Nechols, J.R. (2007). Behavior of female Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in a mono-layer of wheat treated with diatomaceous earth. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43(3), 297–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2006.07.001




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/4276

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons Licence

Jurnal Agro (J. Agro: ISSN 2407-7933) by http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/ja/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.