Hasil padi (Oryza sativa l.) pada lahan sub-optimal akibat pemberian pupuk berbasis sensor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/j.agro.44835Keywords:
NPK, Organic fertilizer, Rice, Sensor, Sub-optimalAbstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a key commodity in maintaining national food security. However, its production increase is still constrained by limited land availability and low fertilization efficiency, particularly in sub-optimal lands with poor soil fertility. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sensor-based fertilization on the yield of two rice varieties, IPB 9G and Gogo rice, under sub-optimal conditions. The research was conducted in Kembang Kerang Daya Village, East Lombok, using a split-plot randomized block design with two factors: fertilizer dose (6 levels, including sensor-based recommendations) as the main plot, and rice variety as the subplot, with three replications. Yield components observed included the number of grains per panicle, percentage of filled grains, 1000-grain weight, yield per plot, and estimated yields of harvested dry grain and milled dry grain. The results showed that sensor-based fertilization, combining inorganic, organic, and bio-fertilizers, produced the best performance in nearly all yield parameters, particularly in the IPB 9G variety. This system significantly increased GKG yield compared to conventional fertilization methods. The agronomic efficiency of sensor-based fertilization was 27% higher than conventional fertilization, aligning with the principles of precision agriculture. In conclusion, applying sensor-based fertilization on sub-optimal land presents a promising innovative solution to enhance rice productivity and input efficiency, especially in areas with low soil fertility.
ABSTRAK
Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditas utama dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan nasional, namun peningkatan produksinya masih terkendala keterbatasan lahan dan rendahnya efisiensi pemupukan, terutama pada lahan sub-optimal yang memiliki tingkat kesuburan rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas pemupukan berbasis sensor terhadap hasil panen dua varietas padi IPB 9G dan padi Gogo pada lahan sub-optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Kembang Kerang Daya, Lombok Timur, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok petak terbagi dengan dua faktor: dosis pupuk (6 level, termasuk rekomendasi berbasis sensor) sebagai petak utama, dan varietas padi sebagai anak petak, dengan tiga ulangan. Komponen hasil yang diamati meliputi jumlah gabah per malai, persentase gabah isi, bobot 1000 butir, hasil ubinan, dugaan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP), dan gabah kering giling (GKG). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan berbasis sensor dengan kombinasi pupuk anorganik, organik, dan hayati menghasilkan performa terbaik pada hampir seluruh peubah hasil, terutama pada varietas IPB 9G. Sistem ini mampu meningkatkan hasil GKG dibandingkan metode pemupukan konvensional. Peningkatan efisiensi agronomi dari pemupukan berbasis sensor 27% lebih tinggi dibandingkan pemupukan konvensional, selaras dengan prinsip pertanian presisi. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pemupukan berbasis sensor pada lahan sub-optimal berpotensi sebagai solusi inovatif untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi dan efisiensi input, khususnya pada wilayah dengan kesuburan tanah rendah.
Kata kunci: NPK, Padi, Pupuk Organik, Sensor, Sub-optimal
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