Respon bibit kopi liberika bermikoriza terhadap cekaman kekeringan di media tanah gambut

Elis Kartika; Made Deviani Duaja; Gusniwati

doi:10.15575/j.agro.45169

Authors

Elis Kartika Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8620-9056
Made Deviani Duaja Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
Gusniwati Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/j.agro.45169

Keywords:

Adaptation, colonization, nutrition, symbiosis

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors affecting the growth and nutrient uptake of Liberica coffee seedlings in peat soil media. Therefore, appropriate technologies are needed to address this issue, one of which is the application of biological agents such as mycorrhiza. This study aims to evaluate the response of mycorrhiza-inoculated Liberica coffee seedlings to drought stress in peat soil media. The experiment was conducted using a factorial Split-Plot Design with two treatment factors. The first factor (Main Plot) was drought stress, consisting of five levels: 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% of field capacity water availability. The second factor (Sub-Plot) was different mycorrhizal treatments, consisting of four levels: no mycorrhiza inoculation, Glomus sp-1a, Glomus sp-3c, and a combination of Glomus sp-1a dan Glomus sp-3c. The results showed that mycorrhiza inoculation, particularly the combination of Glomus sp-1a and Glomus sp-3c, significantly improved the growth and nutrient uptake of Liberica coffee seedlings in peat soil under drought stress conditions. The combination of Glomus sp-1a and Glomus sp-3c provided optimal growth and nutrient uptake up to a drought stress level of 40%, while its effectiveness tended to decline at higher stress levels. These findings indicate that mycorrhizae play a crucial role in enhancing the drought tolerance of Liberica coffee seedlings in peat soil media.

ABSTRAK

Cekaman kekeringan merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas utama dalam pertumbuhan dan penyerapan hara bibit kopi liberika pada media tanah gambut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu teknologi yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diantaranya melalui aplikasi agen hayati berupa mikoriza. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji respons bibit kopi liberika bermikoriza terhadap cekaman kekeringan di media tanah gambut. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu cekaman kekeringan yang terdiri dari 5 taraf: 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% dan 20% air kapasitas lapang sebagai petak utama, dan berbagai jenis mikoriza yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan: tanpa inokulasi mikoriza, Glomus sp-1a, Glomus sp-3c, serta kombinasi Glomus sp-1a dan Glomus sp-3c sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi mikoriza, khususnya kombinasi Glomus sp-1a dan Glomus sp-3c, dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan penyerapan hara bibit kopi Liberika pada media tanah gambut di bawah kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Kombinasi mikoriza Glomus sp-1a dan Glomus sp-3c memberikan peningkatan pertumbuhan dan penyerapan hara yang optimal hingga tingkat cekaman 40%, sementara pada tingkat cekaman yang lebih tinggi efektivitas kombinasi mikoriza cenderung menurun. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa mikoriza berperan dalam meningkatkan ketahanan bibit kopi Liberika terhadap cekaman kekeringan di media tanah gambut.

Kata kunci: Adaptasi, Kolonisasi, Nutrisi, Simbiosis

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