Pengaruh aplikasi silika terhadap produktivitas tanaman padi pada tanah sawah dengan status silika berbeda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/j.agro.49997Keywords:
Accumulator, Climate Stress, Food SecurityAbstract
Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditas strategis dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan nasional. Berbagai upaya dilakukan agar hasil panen tanaman padi terus meningkat. Aplikasi silika (Si) pada tanaman padi masih jarang dilakukan oleh petani sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi terbaik aplikasi Si pada setiap status Si tanah sawah terhadap produktivitas tanaman padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan ulangan tidak sama. Terdiri dari sembilan perlakuan yang merupakan kombinasi antara status Si tersedia (rendah, sedang dan tinggi) dan aplikasi Si (tanpa pemupukan, ekstrak silika sekam padi 20 dan 40 mL L-1. Variabel penelitian yang diamati yaitu jumlah malai umur 84 dan 98 hari setelah tanam, berat kering biomassa jerami, berat gabah per 1000 butir, berat gabah per rumpun dan berat gabah konversi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum aplikasi Si berbeda-beda bergantung pada status Si dalam tanah. Level optimum aplikasi Si diperoleh konsentrasi 11 dan 28 mL L-1 untuk Si tersedia sedang dan tinggi.
ABSTRACT
Rice is a strategic commodity for maintaining national food security. Various efforts are being made to increase rice yields. Application of silica (Si) on rice plants is still rarely carried out by farmers as an effort to increase rice productivity. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of Si application at each Si status of paddy soil for rice plant productivity. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a completely randomized design with unequal replications. Consisting of nine treatments, a combination of available Si status (low, medium and high) and Si application (no fertilization, rice husk silica extract 20 and 40 mL L-1). The research parameters observed were the number of panicles at 84 and 98 days after planting, dry weight of straw biomass, grain weight per 1000 grains, grain weight per clump and converted grain weight per hectare. The results indicated that the optimal Si application concentration varied according to the soil Si status. The optimum Si application was at concentration of 11 mL L-1 of 28 mL L-1 in paddy soil with a medium and high available Si status, respectively.
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