Aplikasi Pseudomonas fluorescens P20 formula cair tepung ikan terhadap rebah semai mentimun


Hening Kurniasih(1*), Nur Prihatiningsih(2), Endang Mugiastuti(3), Loekas Soesanto(4)

(1) , Indonesia
(2) Universitas Jenderal Soedirman,  
(3) ,  
(4) Universitas Jenderal Soedirman,  
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Rebah semai merupakan penyakit penting bibit mentimun, dan formula cair Pseudomonas fluorescens P20 dengan tepung ikan perlu dicoba untuk mengatasi hal tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan mencari konsentrasi tepat tepung ikan untuk P. fluorescens P20, pengaruhnya dalam menekan rebah semai, dan terhadap pertumbuhan mentimun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Screen House Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto selama empat bulan. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan pada in vitro dengan 5 ulangan dan 5 perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol (King’s B cair), serta tepung ikan 10, 20, 30, dan 40 g L-1. Uji in planta menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 5 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol, King’s B cair, serta tepung ikan 10, 20, 30, dan 40 g L-1. Variabel yang diamati adalah populasi bakteri, masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, bobot tanaman segar, dan bobot akar segar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P. fluorescens P20 dalam tepung ikan 10 g L-1 memiliki populasi tertinggi yaitu 3,99 x 1021 upk mL-1 atau meningkat sebesar 47,23%. Saat diaplikasikan, formula bakteri ini paling efektif menunda masa inkubasi dan menekan kejadian penyakit hingga 100% dan nilai AUDPC terendah yaitu 0%-hari. Perlakuan mampu meningkatkan panjang akar 5,30-31,19% dan bobot akar segar 10,81-65,85%.

 Damping-off is an important cucumber seedlings disease, and liquid formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens P20 is developed to overcome this problem. This research aimed to gain the right concentration of fish flour for P. fluorescens P20, its effect on suppressing damping-off and on cucumber growth. The research was conducted at the Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto for four months. Randomized completely design was used for in vitro test with 5 treatments consisted of control, fish flour of 10, 20, 30, and 40 g L-1repeated 5 times. Randomized block design was used for in planta test with 6 treatments consisted of control, King’s B Broth, flour liquid of 10, 20, 30, and 40 g L-1repeated 5 times. Variables observed were bacterial population, incubation period, disease incidence, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), plants height, roots length plants fresh weight, and roots fresh weight. Result showed that P. fluorescensP20 in fish flour of  10 g L-1 had the highest population as 3.99 x 1021 cfu ml-1 or increase as 47.23%. Application of this formula could delay incubation period and suppress disease incidence as 100% and decrease AUDPC as 0%-days. The formula could increase roots length and roots fresh weight as 5,30-31,19 and 10,81-65,85%.


Keywords


mentimun, penyakit rebah semai, Pseudomonas fluorescens P20, tepung ikan

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahemad, M. & Kibret, M. (2014). Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Current perspective. Journal of King Saud University – Science 26(1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2013.05.001.

Al-Zaidi, A. A., Elhag, E. A., Al-Otaibi, S. H., & Baig, M. B. (2011). Negative effects of pesticides on the environment and the farmers awareness in Saudi Arabia: A case study. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 21(3), 605–611.

Arulanantham, R., Pathmanathan, S., Ravimannan, N., & Niranjan, K. (2016). Alternative culture media for bacterial growth using different formulation of protein sources. Der Pharmacia Lettre 8 (1): 431-436.

Badan Standarisasi Nasional. (2013). Standar Nasional Indonesia-SNI 2715:2013: Tepung Ikan-Bahan Baku Pakan (On-line). http://pustan.bpkimi.kemenperin.go.id diakses 23 November 2017.

BPS. (2020). Produksi Mentimun di Indonesia. (On-line). https://www.bps.go.id/site/resultTab diakses 13 Februari 2018.

Dewi, E. R. S. (2014). Pertumbuhan kultur probiotik isolat bakteri non patogen dalam berbagai jenis media. Bioma, 3(1), 53–56.

Ganeshan, G. & Kumar, A. M. (2005). Pseudomonas fluorescens, a potential bacterial antagonist to control plant diseases. Journal of Plant Interactions, 1, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429140600907043

Gupta, G., Parihar, S. S., Ahirwar, N. K., Snehi, S. K., & Singh, V. (2015). Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Current and Future Prospects for Development of Sustainable Agriculture. Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology, 7(2), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5948.1000188

Haggag, W. M., & Abo El Soud, M. (2012). Production and Optimization of Pseudomonas fluorescens Biomass and Metabolites for Biocontrol of Strawberry Grey Mould. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 03(07), 836–845. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2012.37101

HinaSaeed, A. W. (2017). A review on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus). International Journal of Technical Research & Science, 2(vi), 402–405.

Indartono, S. A. (2003). Prinsip – Prinsip Nutrisi Bahan Baku. Majalah Poultry Indonesia, 284, 19–20.

Jeger, M. J., & Viljanen-Rollinson, S. L. H. (2001). The use of the area under the disease-progress curve (AUDPC) to assess quantitative disease resistance in crop cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 102(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051615

Khabbaz, S.E. & Abbasi, P.A. (2014). Isolation, characterization, and formulation of antagonistic bacteria for the management of seedlings damping-off and root rot disease of cucumber. Can J Microbiol. 60(1): 25-33. DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2013-0675.

Kim, K.-H., Kabir, E., & Jahan, S.A. (2017). Exposure to pesticides and the associated human health effects. Science of the Total Environment 575: 525-535. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.009.

Lamichhane, J.R., Dürr, C., Schwanck, A.A., Robin, M.H., Sarthou, J.-P., Cellier, V., Messéan, A., & Aubertot, J.-N. (2017). Integrated management of damping-off diseases. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 37(1). DOI: 10.1007/s13593-017-0417-y.

Leclerc, M., Doré, T., Gilligan, C. A., Lucas, P., & Filipe, J. A. N. (2014). Estimating the delay between host infection and disease (incubation period) and assessing its significance to the epidemiology of plant diseases. PLoS ONE, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086568

Moccellin, R., dos Santos, I., Heck, D.W., Malagi, G., & Dallemole-Giaretta, R. (2017). Control of cucumber damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum using canola residues. Tropical Plant Pathology 42: 291–297. DOI: 10.1007/s40858-017-0150-8.

Noordzij, M., Dekker, F. W., Zoccali, C., & Jager, K. J. (2010). Measures of disease frequency: Prevalence and incidence. Nephron - Clinical Practice, 115(1), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286345

Patil, A.D. & Rathore, M.S. (2018). Isolation of pythium species from damping off affected onion rhizospheric soil, using baiting technique. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(4): 12-13.

Pavlista, A., Santra, D. K., & Baltensperger, D. D. (2013). Bioassay of winter wheat for giberelin acid sensitivy. American Journal of Plant Science, 4, 2015–2022. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2013.410252.

Prabhukarthikeyan, S.R. & Thiruvengadam, R. (2016). Antifungal metabolites of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Pythium aphanidermatum. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 10(1): 579-584.

Rastogi, A., Siddiqui, A., Mishra, B., Srivastava, M., Pandey, R., Misra, P., Singh, M., & Shukla, S. (2013). Effect of auxin and gibberellic acid on growth and yield components of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 13(2): 136-143. DOI: 10.1590/S1984-70332013000200006.

Salman, M., Abuamsha, R., & Barghouti, S. (2013). Interaction of Fluorescent Pseudomonads with Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani in Cucumber Roots. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 3(1), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2013/2811

Sari, K. D. P., Santoso, L., Efendi, E., & Harpeni, E. (2017). Potensi penggunaan media teknis sebagai pengganti media Sea Water Complete (SWC) untuk mendukung pertumbuhan bakteri Bacillus sp. D2.2. Jurnal Sains Teknologi Akuakultur, 1(2), 95–103.

Setiawan, A. (2012). Kandungan Gizi Terasi. Publikasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (On-line). http://komposisikandungangizi diakses 7 Februari 2018.

Sitompul, S. (2004). Analisis asam amino dalam tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai. Buletin Teknik Pertanian. 9 (1): 33-37, 9(1), 33–37.

Soesanto, L., Mugiastuti, E., & Rahayuniati, R. F. (2011a). Pemanfaatan beberapa kaldu hewan sebagai bahan formula cair Pseudomonas fluorecens P60 untuk mengendalikan Sclerotium rolfsii pada tanaman mentimun. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 17(1), 7–17.

Soesanto, L., Mugiastuti, E., & Rahayuniati, R. F. (2011b). Uji lapang formula cair Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 terhadap layu fusarium pada tanaman tomat. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 17(2), 82–90.

Sukmawati, S., & Hardianti, F. (2018). Analisis Total Plate Count (TPC) Mikroba pada Ikan Asin Kakap di Kota Sorong Papua Barat. Jurnal Biodjati, 3(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v3i1.2368

Trapet, P., Avoscan, L., Klinguer, A., Pateyron, S., Citerne, S., Chervin, C., Mazurier, S., Lemanceau, P., Wendehenne, D., & Besson-Bard, A. (2016). The Pseudomonas fluorescens siderophore pyoverdine weakens Arabidopsis thaliana defense in favor of growth in iron-deficient conditions. Plant Physiol. 171(1): 675–693. DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01537.

Uthayasooriyan, M., Pathmanathan, S., Ravimannan, N., & Sathyaruban, S. (2016). Formulation of alternative culture media for bacterial and fungal growth. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 8(1), 444–449.

Wasis, B., Anthocephalus, J., Antam, P. T., & Bisnis, U. (2011). Pertumbuhan Semai Jabon (Anthocephalus Cadamba Roxb. Miq.) Pada Media Tailing PT ANTAM Unit Bisnis Pongkor Dengan Penambahan Top Soil Dan Kompos. Silvikultur Tropika - Journal of Tropical Silviculture Science and Technology, 2(3), 136–142.

Zang, J., Xu, Y., Xia, W., & Regenstein, J. (2019). Quality, functionality, and microbiology of fermented fish: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 60(11): 1-15. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1565491.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/8591

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons Licence

Jurnal Agro (J. Agro: ISSN 2407-7933) by http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/ja/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.