LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS IN @onlyjiungs TWITTER ACCOUNT

This study aimed to identify the language function in tweets from @onlyjiungs. The @onlyjiungs Twitter account's tweets served as the study's source of data. Purposive sampling and the descriptive qualitative approach were utilized in this study to get the answers to its research questions. The findings indicated that among the 31 data, the referential function (14 utterances, or 45,2%) is most frequently used, followed by the expressive function (11 utterances, or 35,5%), the phatic function (2 utterances, or 6,4%), the metalingual function (0%), the conative function (2 utterances, or 6,4%), and the poetic function (2 utterances, or 6,4%). The tweets from @onlyjiungs met every requirement in Hymes' (1974) theory of context SPEAKING, showing that context SPEAKING on a tweet from @onlyjiungs answers every requirement of the theory. The tweets were taken from September 2021 through October 2021. The goals of @onlyjiungs' tweets were intended to be represented and expressed in the final sections of the Twitter post outcomes. The following social act update about Jiung's life was provided by @onlyjiungs. She underlined a particular statement she made in the tweets. Because, they were intended for teens their age, @onlyjiungs's tweets are also frequently written in a casual tone. The typical Twitter tweet mostly focused on describing the purpose of and the message included inside it. The kind of utterances from those tweets generally had a stronger referential function since those Twitter postings' primary purpose was to notify @onlyjiungs' followers who are the readers.


INTRODUCTION
Social media is any digital tool that allows users to quickly create and share content with the public.According to Kane (2014), social media is a term that includes not only various new media platforms, but also systems, such as Twitter and Facebook, which are commonly referred to as social networks.A study by van Dijck (2011) describes that Twitter is a microblogging website because it limits the number of characters per post that allows users to send text messages with limited words.
In Twitter, language is an important tool to assist the addressee in understanding the messages conveyed by the addresser.According to Jakobson in (Chandler, 2007, p.5) language is central and most important among all human pragmatic systems.Additionally, we want to find the language functions from Jakobson (1960) are found in @onlyjiung's Twitter posts.Jakobson's model of the functions of language distinguishes six elements or factors of communication that are necessary for communication: expressive, conative, referential, metalingual, phatic, and poetic.To help deeper understanding about language function based on Jakobson (1960) context plays an important role to help readers to understand language functions and emphasize the meaning.It is supported by Hymes (1972) who stated that the role of context in interpretation is to emphasize meaning, limit the range of interpretation of an utterance, and support the intended interpretation.
Hymes ' (1974) theory is in line with Yule's (1996) statement that context affects the expressions used when communication is carried out.Besides, the language function by Jakobson (1960) also influences this pragmatics, because understanding language functions can make us easily to analyze every sentence when we communicate.Therefore, it is important to understand the use of language function in a communication and to identify the context that influences the use of language in the @onlyjiungs Twitter account's tweets.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Pragmatics is the study of aspects of meaning and language use that depends on the speaker, the addressee, and other aspects of the utterance's context.According to Yule George (1996) in a study by Rahmayani & Dwiyuliana (2018) determines that pragmatics is concerned with the speaker's or writer's interpretation of communication meaning by the listener or reader.
Every utterance said by people does not consist only of a word with its literal meaning but also an intended meaning inside it.People's intended meaning is mostly tied with the context of the time when the utterance is uttered by the speaker.This situation makes each person or the hearer possibly has a different interpretation.Hymes (1972) specified the features of context and the mnemonic device of SPEAKING grid as a heuristic for the various factors he deems to be relevant in the identification of speech events.It consists of Setting (situation, scene or time), Participants (communicative roles such as speaker, hearer, etc), Ends (purposes that a speaker wishes to reach), Act Sequences (social acts that control what and how to say it), Key (tone, manner or also be marked nonverbally by certain kind of behavior, gesture, posture), Instrumentalities (choice of channel or speech act such as oral, written, formal, informal), Norm (contextual custom in using code or participants action) and Genre (types of utterance).CALL, 2023, 5(1), 9-14 A qualitative research was used as a research method.Qualitative research, according to Creswell (2014), is a method for analyzing social or human issues.This research used descriptive qualitative method.Based on the explanation above, we collected the data from utterances by @onlyjiungs Twitter posts and then analyze it to know the language function and features of context).In this research, the data were taken from the Twitter post by @onlyjiungs account from September, 24 2021 until October, 07 2021.

METHOD
According to Creswell (2007;118) data collection is a series of interrelated activities which have the goals to gather information in order to answer the research question.The steps conducted in this research were collecting the Twitter posts by @onlyjiungs, classified the data collected, then analyzed the data which were underlined into language functions based on Jakobson (1960) and context based on Hymes (1974).
Subsequently, for answering the research questions, the process of data analysis were classifying the language function utterances based on language function according to Jakobson's (1960) theory, classifying the context utterances based on context according to Hymes' (1974) theory, interpreting and elaborating the data based on a theoretical framework, and drawing the conclusion of the language functions and context used in @onlyjiungs Twitter posts.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
There are 20 Twitter posts taken from the Twitter account, namely @onlyjiungs and 31 results of language function and 20 results of context.However, in this study only display only one representative datum.The data are analyzed by using Jakobson's theory of language function (1960), which are expression, referential, conative, phatic, poetic and metalingual; and also, the theory of SPEAKING context by Hymes (1974) that are setting or scene, participant, end, act, key, instrument, norm, and genre.
A tweet @onlyjiungs expressed her feeling that she is happy because her idol, Jiung, doing so well in his performance (Figure 1).In addition, she tells that Jiung is always so bright and hardworking, and Jiung calls his fans "chocochips" that makes her so touched.

Expressive Function
"..its nice to see you always so bright and hardworking…" The sentence bold above explains @onlyjiungs expression that she is very happy to see her idol, Jiung on his performance.There is expressive function indicated in this bold sentence, because there is adjective word "nice" means "pleasant/attractive" based on Oxford.The word "nice to see you" means "a friendly greeting when you meet somebody for the first time" which @onlyjiungs explains the word "nice to see you" is that a speaker addresses a message that she is happy to see you (Jiung).

Poetic Function
"calling our fans chocochips was also a good touch" In the sentence above, there is a word "good touch".The word "good" is an adjective word, based on the Oxford dictionary that means "best" or "better".The word "touch" is a verb word that means with hand/part of the body.But here, "good touch" means that @onlyjiungs was affected when her idol calls his fans chocochips.I discovered the existence of poetic function in the use of words "good touch", because it has nice language based on rhyme.

Phatic Function
"youre the best" In the sentence above "youre the best" explained that she gives empathy and solidarity about her idol, because he did his best in that performance.The adjective word "best" based on Oxford Dictionary means superlative of good.This function is included to phatic function because the word "youre the best" contains the nature of socialization based on Jakobson (1960).
Based on Hymes (1974) SPEAKING, consists of setting, participants, ends act sequences, key, instrumentalities, norm and genre.From the data above, context of language on the Twitter post found is mentioned by the setting on October 07, 2021.The participants of the post are @onlyjiungs as the addresser and Jiung as addressee.The act found in this post is about @onlyjiungs's idol did so well on his performance and calls his fans chocochips.In the end, @onlyjiungs feels so touched because her idol calls his fans chocochips.The key indicates that the word is feeling happy and touched.The instrument on this post is written in an informal way because the Twitter post is aimed at teenagers or the same age, so @onlyjiungs uses casual language.The norm found in this post means that Jiung has already done his best for his performance and that makes his fans very happy to see that.The genre of the Twitter post is expressive, phatic and poetic.
The study found 5 out of 6 language functions from @onlyjiungs Twitter posts (Table 1).From 31 data, referential function is predominantly used by the data with 14 utterances (45,2%), expressive function with 11 utterances (35,5%), phatic function 2 utterances (6,4%), metalingual function with 0 utterances (0%), conative function with 2 utterances (6,4%), and poetic function with 2 utterances (6,4%).Further, from the explanation above referential function is more dominant than the other function because, on the @onlyjiungs account, she mostly posts her tweets to provide information to her followers and tell what has happened to her.Not also in @onlyjiungs, there CALL, 2023, 5(1), 9-14 are 11 expressive functions, which means that apart from providing information, she also expresses her feelings through her Twitter posts.The results revealed that SPEAKING on the Twitter post from @onlyjiungs fulfill all the elements in SPEAKING because that is general, and the @onlyjiungs tweets cover all SPEAKING terms from Hymes (1974) theory.S stands for Setting.In these Twitter posts, the Setting time is from September to October.P is the Participants.The data predominantly @onlyjiungs as the writers and her followers as readers because she wants to share her tweets with her followers.Then, E is the Ends.Here the result from Twitter posts are the purposes from @onlyjiungs Twitter posts what the goals from that tweets.A is the Acts.@onlyjiungs give more types of social acts about Jiung her idol and about her life.K stands for the Key.From the Twitter posts, @onlyjiungs provide a particular message conveyed such as serious, happy, sad, pedantic, etc.Then I is the Instrumentalities.In @onlyjiungs the Twitter posts predominantly are written in an informal way because the Twitter posts are aimed at teenagers of the same age.Then, N is the norm.In the posts mostly refers to specifying the object and what meaning you get from those Twitter posts.The last is G for the Genre.The types of utterances from the Twitter posts are more dominant to referential function because those Twitter posts mostly give the information from @onlyjiungs to her followers as readers.

CONCLUSIONS
Based on the analysis conducted above, we can conclude that the data from @onlyjiungs' Twitter account primarily demonstrates the use of Jakobson's (1963) referential function, while the metalingual function was not found in this analysis.Furthermore, when considering Hymes ' (1970) context in Twitter posts from @onlyjiungs, it becomes evident that all elements of SPEAKING are adequately fulfilled, as the content is generally comprehensive.Additionally, the tweets by @onlyjiungs cover all the SPEAKING terms outlined in Hymes ' (1974) theory.Upon reviewing this research, readers will gain a better understanding of language functions and contextual usage in daily Twitter communications.