OPPORTUNITIES BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) IN INCREASING SMALL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peluang Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) untuk ikut serta dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat menengah dengan cara memberikan kontribusi dalam mendukung kegiatan usaha kecil masyarakat dengan cara menyediakan produk keuangan yang dapat diterima dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) selain memiliki fungsi sosial seperti menghimpun, mengelola dan menyalurkan dana zakat, infaq dan sedekah, Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) juga berfungsi sebagai badan usaha profit oriented dengan cara menghimpun tabungan dan memberikan pembiayaan bagi pelaku kegiatan usaha kecil, selain itu Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) diharapkan akan dapat membantu masyarakat agar sepenuhnya bisa menjauhi pinjaman yang berbasis bunga untuk membangun usahanya terutama dari rentenir.


INTRODUCTION
Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is a business entity with two orientations, first as baitul mall, which means that property houses have non-profit oriented social activities including collecting zakat, infaq, alms and grant funds and distributing them proportionally. Secondly as baitut tamwil which means business houses have profit-oriented activities including activities such as those carried out by cooperatives, namely raising KHAZANAH MULTIDISIPLIN VOL 1 NO 2 2020 https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/kl 184 funds such as fees and savings then disbursed to economic actors to advance productive business units so as to help the quality of life of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in its economic field.  Tamwil (BMT) observes and applies sharia principles in all its operational activities.
The writing of this article aims to find out how the Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) opportunity to participate in improving the welfare of the middle community by contributing in supporting community small business activities by providing financial products that can be accepted and utilized by the community, especially the middle to under.
Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is a microfinance institution that supports the economic activities of small and medium -sized communities based on sharia . Financial institutions that operate using profit sharing principles such as mudharabah and musharaka, to KHAZANAH MULTIDISIPLIN VOL 1 NO 2 2020 https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/kl develop micro, small and medium-sized business enterprises in order to be able to raise degrees and improve the welfare of the poor or middle-poor.
Founded on the initiative and efforts and initial capital of several local communities and using the salaam economic system as its foundation, the salaam economic system is safety or core with justice, peace and prosperity. .
Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is a micro-Islamic financial institution. As a financial institution, BMT carries out the function of raising funds and channeling them. As the name implies, there are two main functions of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT), which are: First, Baitul Tamwil (house of wealth development), functions to develop productive businesses and investments in order to improve the economic quality of micro entrepreneurs, including by encouraging saving activities and supporting the financing of economic activities of micro, small and medium-sized businesses that experience difficulties in their business because lack of funds.
Second, Baitul mall (house of treasures), its function is to receive deposits of alms, infaq and alms, also optimize the distribution of these deposits in accordance with the regulations or mandate specified . Indonesia, which is predominantly Muslim, has great zakat potential, if all can be collected and optimally managed by financial institutions such as BMT, it will encourage the progress of the Indonesian economy.
The legal basis for BMT's activities is contained in several letters in the Holy Qur'an , including: Al-Quran Surah At-Taubah verse 103 Hadiht history Sunan Nasa'I Number 4483 Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) has the characteristics of an independent, not closed, not a follower of a particular party or group, oriented to increasing the productivity of savings and or financing to develop productive economic activities for the surrounding community and members as well as social welfare, especially micro, medium and The poor .
Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) has the main characteristics as follows: (1) business oriented, (2) not a social institution even though it is used for activities for the welfare of many people such as zakat, infaq, and almsgiving (3) established from below on the role and participation of the community, ( 4) does not belong to individuals, but belongs to the small and lower communities around the neighborhood .
Based on the explanation that has been described, it can be seen that Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) must formulate procedures or operational standard procedures that are simple, easily established and easily handled by the community, especially by middle-to-lower-level customers whose majority of education is low. The mechanism and working rules of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) can be made effectively, efficiently and flexibly so as not to complicate customers in the opportunity to use their facilities.
As for the main Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) principles including devotion and faith in Allah swt; cohesiveness (kaffah); kinship; togetherness; independence; professionalism; and istiqomah; after reaching or through one stage, continue to advance to the next stage, hoping only to Allah SWT . Continuity .

RESEARCH METHOD
The method used in this research is the study of literature which is a research method by collecting written data, reading and recording library research, and then processed to build a framework that has a unified whole . This type of research through literature is commonly referred to as library research . Written data previously mentioned can be in the form of books, newspapers, journals, magazines, other reference books related to Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT).

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The level of health of the Baitul Maal wat Tamwil  The Baitul Maal wat Tamwil health can be seen from the aspects of the Ahmadiyya and Ruhiyah aspects . The aspects of the service include financial performance as well as institutional and management. The Growth in the number of BMT's is arguably quite rapid, since its inception around the beginning of the year 2000 until now it has stood around 4,500 units , even though that number is doubtful, the fact is in the field. The growth and widespread BMT distribution is not balanced with good data collection. This originated from the unclear BMT arrangements in Indonesia, where regulations and supervision still overlap between related regulators. Further related to this, there is no match on the number of BMT data in Indonesia, both active and inactive, including their respective financial positions. In addition, many BMTs are found that cannot maintain their performance and existence   .

The intelligence of human resources from Baitul Maal wat Tamwil
(BMT) is needed in formulating accurate strategies to maintain its existence in the midst of developing problems in the community environment . One strategy that can be considered is to improve human resources that do not meet the criteria, especially in terms of knowledge and education levels that are not relevant.
Employees are among the key stakeholders who must be satisfied to ensure the achievement of the company's vision and mission . BMT is demanded to increase resources through formal and non-formal education because collaboration with educational institutions that have relevance to this cannot be ignored .
The people's economy is the main target of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil KHAZANAH MULTIDISIPLIN VOL 1 NO 2 2020 https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/kl 192 as a sharia microfinance institution, through a profit-sharing economic system that seeks to improve small and medium-scale micro productive businesses to achieve their goal of trying to reduce poverty .
The financial institution Baitul Maal wat Tamwil has been investigated by Muljadi to significantly empower small and medium or lower class people. .
The crucial Baitul Maal Tamwil (BMT) product is financing th at is channeled to micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The role of MSMEs is to absorb workers. So indirectly, MSMEs contribute to reducing unemployment in Indonesia, which means it can increase the income per capita of people in Indonesia. Rising per capita income also contributed to the growth and development of the economy in Indonesia .
Based on the various explanations above, there are several things that can be concluded in BMT management practices in Indonesia.
It is necessary to improve the quality of human resources so that it is not seen as a number number profession for college graduates, although there are some exceptions in some large BMTs, such as Baitul Tamwil Muhammadiyah (BTM) found in Wiradesa, Pekalongan, Central Java. BMT must continuously improve expertise and skills of human resources, both from the practical aspects of operations and aspects of compliance with sharia principles.
The failure of the Baitul Maal wat Tamwil was mostly not caused by mismanagement and the Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) system which was considered to be inadequate, but because of an error in choosing targets or operational locations. Site selection is one of the main factors for successful BMT management. For this reason, managers must place their office locations in areas close to markets or business locations that require funds in micro, small and medium scale.
There must be synergy between Islamic banking and Baitul Maal wat Tamwil. BMT can be a bridge between Islamic banking and micro and small KHAZANAH MULTIDISIPLIN VOL 1 NO 2 2020 https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/kl 193 entrepreneurs. BMT can be the party that manages the financing channeled1 of Islamic banking to micro and small entrepreneurs: with a positive synergy built between Islamic banking and BMT increasingly positive impact in increasing the growth of the real sector.
Developing IT-based technology that can facilitate and make BMT performance more efficient to be applied to BMT in Indonesia.
Sophisticated technology can improve BMT services to customers, accelerate information connectivity between employees and customers, time and energy efficiency, and data collection becomes much better and integrated with each other.

CONCLUSION
Based on the discussion that has been described, it can be seen that Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) has a function as a social institution and economic or financial institution, as a social Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is more directed at efforts to collect and distribute non-profit funds such as zakat, infaq, sadaqah and or grants. As for the Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) financial institution tasked with collecting funds from the public (BMT members) who entrust their funds to be stored in BMT and channeling funds to the public (BMT members) who are provided with BMT funding, the financing channeled by BMT is expected to develop MSMEs. and gradually reduce poverty and unemployment. As an economic institution, BMT has the right to carry out economic activities, such as managing trade, industry and agriculture.