SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

With the horrific incident on September 11 in the US, the US armed forces entered Afghanistan to shut the door to terrorism. Now, Afghanistan opens a new page for Afghanistan's internal and external political system. Afghanistan as a country that has pursued regional cooperation from neighboring countries, especially from India. India is the most promising country for Afghanistan's foreign policy and diplomatic relations in areas such as economic, cultural, technical, capacity building, military and other growth. The purpose of this study is to examine the development process of the two countries India and Pakistan in an effort to establish international relations. With a qualitative approach This research resulted in India being one of the countries which, after September 11, 2001, and the leadership of the Taliban, succeeded in gaining more opportunities for the people of Afghanistan. His non-hostile contributions to Middle Eastern and Middle Eastern countries have created a special place for the people of Afghanistan. India after independence in 1947, started friendly relations with Afghanistan two years later, until now, has enthusiastically and dedicably made their contribution to Afghanistan. The people of Afghanistan in this case get many benefits from India's bilateral relations, namely the construction of the Salma Dam in Herat, Delaram Road Development, Allotment of 1000 Afghan Student Scholarships in Human Resource Development per year, the Repair of the Afghan Foreign Minister Complex, the establishment of the Afghan Parliament Building, the Opening of Chabahar Port, Strengthening the Equipment of the Afghan Military Forces, Air Corridors, and India's efforts to get Afghanistan to gain Membership in Regional Cooperation Bodies such as SAARC, BRICS, Asia Heart 'Istanbul Process'.


INTRODUCTION
India is a vast land of liberty and freedom as it has been exposed to ideas of equality, liberty and fraternity from the western world and colonial rule of British indirectly facilitated to the process of modernization (Cook, 2013). Immediately after gaining independence, India adopted the principles and themes of democratic, secular, socialist and republic so that Indian is known secured its own unique identity in the world. Indian leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, the father of India, Jahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minster of India, Dr. BR Ambedkar, the Architect of Indian Constitution, Bhagat Singh, a dynamic leader of left-wing, Moulana Abdul Kalam Azad, the Education Minister of India laid great foundations for the secular-socialist and democratic nation and nationalism (Cook, 2013). However, the people of India achieved their own country, and enjoy peace and tolerance within the precincts of rule of law and the law of justice.
Afghanistan is also a country of diverse cultures and is considered as the 'roundabout of the ancient world' (Hyman, 2016). Those who settled included the Persians, under Darius the Great (522-486 BCE); and the Greeks, led by Alexander the Great (356-323 BCE). Many present-day towns are built on Greek foundations. A Buddhist civilization flourished from the late first century CE, its kings reigning in Bamiyan until the end of the 10th century (Hyman, 2016). An Arab raid on Kandahar in 699-700 brought Islam, strengthened as the Turks gained power in Iran, Afghanistan and India. The Mongolian Genghis Khan invaded in the 13th century. For the next few hundred years Afghanistan was fought over by various Indian and Persian empires. Finally, in the 18th century, a group of Pashtun tribes under Durrani (aka Ahmad Shah Abdali) defeated the Moghuls and the Persians and consolidated its own large but unstable empire.
The Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 led the British to give up control of Afghanistan's foreign affairs finally in 1921 (Singh, 2017). However, Afghan Victory Day is celebrated as a national holiday in Afghanistan on 19 August to commemorate the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 and relinquishment from protected state status. The Government operation in Afghanistan historically has consisted of power struggles, coups and unstable transfers of power (Braithwaite & Wardak, 2013). The country has been governed by various systems of government, including a monarchy, republic, theocracy, dictatorship, and a pro-communist state. Although King Amanullah Khan takes the throne after the Third Anglo-Afghan War from British, Loya Jirga adopts new constitution to reconstruct the government as an Islamic republic in 2003. From 1919to 2003, it was the country survived without Constitution and the Islamic law had been practiced in Afghanistan. Finally, it is an Islamic republic consisting of three branches of power (executive, legislative, and judiciary) overseen by checks and balances.
Meanwhile, Mohammed Omar, founder of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is declared Commander of the Faithful at Kandahar and his Taliban forces begin conquering the northern parts of the country in 1996 but the United States and coalition forces invade Afghanistan and overthrow the Taliban government. In 2001, Hamid Karzai becomes leader of the Afghan Interim Administration at the International Conference on Afghanistan in Germany and Ashraf Ghani is elected as the President of Afghanistan in 2004. India as a neighboring country of Afghanistan has provided laudable interventions not only to eradicate poverty but also to bring peace in Afghanistan. It is needless to say that India and Afghanistan were parts of many rules in the history and have been maintaining cordial and bilateral relations from ancient times. In this context, the present paper is intended to describe and analyses the bilateral relationship between India and Afghanistan as part of their international relations and the efforts and interventions were kept by the both nations during 2001-2016 will be highlighted in the study. Several studies regarding this bilateral relationship have been investigated by Dey et al (2020), Nath (2019) and  Saqib (2019) with a research point of view on the policies of the two countries in carrying out international relations. However, research on the relationship between the two countries requires several new analyzes such as analysis of political protection, economic protection, security protection and cultural protection which will be studied more deeply in this study which can cover the shortcomings of previous studies.

RESEARCH METHOD
The subjects in this study are India and Afghanistan, where the two neighboring countries have long established international relations to help each other in development, especially India where the policies on neighboring countries make India a separate place for the people of Afghanistan (Khalil, 2016), this research is based on a qualitative approach, which uses literature studies, interviews and observations to obtain data (Creswell, 2014), then an interactive analysis process is carried out to compile conclusions into a sentence based on data and facts (Huberman.A.M, 1992), the focus of this research is on bilateral relations carried out by the two countries to confirm the issues and challenges that occur in the relationship between the two countries.

BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP OF INDIA AND AFGHANISTAN
India, after its independence, with the exception of the Taliban government, which has been active alongside until now, its friendly relations have been steadfast and friendly for the sake of economic growth, stability, security and the political security of Afghanistan. In the aftermath of September 11 to the present, India has given Afghanistan a special place in the focus of attention on the economic, cultural, and reconstruction of Afghanistan towards neighboring countries. India, in coordination with the regional countries, has taken tighter steps due to the contribution of Afghanistan's stability and security. Despite this, Afghanistan has become a member of the regional cooperation zone after the overthrow of the Taliban regime and the establishment of a new government in Afghanistan, including good achievements (Nojumi, 2016). It is believed to be within its foreign policy such as: SAARC membership, membership of the BRICS, Co-operation Regional Office and the Asia-Pacific Summit Meeting (Istanbul Process), which has 14 regional countries, 17 partner countries and 12 international partner organizations, has still held six meetings to eradicate terrorism, promoting regional economic activity and cooperation.
That was the case which last summoned on December 4, 2016, in the city of Punjab, India, which was attended by countries in the region and the wider world in order to address the challenges of combating terrorism, drug trafficking, trade and transit development with the countries of the region. Moreover of this "TOPI'' project is another step towards economic prosperity in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. This project is signed between Presidents of Turkmenistan Afghanistan, Pakistani Prime Minister and Minister Government in Indian affairs. Turkmenistan's gas pipeline project to Afghanistan, Pakistan and India established in December 2015, will complete on 2019. Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India, all three countries will benefit from this opportunity towards their economic prosperity, solidarity and stability entire each. │ 25

After Fall of Taliban Regime
After fall of the Taliban government, and the September 11, 2001, change in the geography of American politics. And the nations of the world are struggling to fight the nests of terrorism. The Taliban believed that Ahmed Shah Massoud killing would provide the opportunity to seize Afghanistan's territorial integrity. But unaware that the Mujahideen re-established itself after the death of Ahmad Shah Massoud and with the support of the United States, a small geopolitical area under the leadership of the Mujahideen, intensified its attacks on the Taliban, and cleared Afghanistan from the Taliban. India at its foreign policy even at the time the Taliban government did not forget Afghanistan. However, the Taliban government supported the Mojahedin government and after the Taliban regime overwhelmed once again. India's foreign policy towards all the countries of the world, the interim government of the Afghan national unity government, has gained its cooperation in the sectors. Political stability, economic growth, cultural development and open of Afghanistan have been more active.
The visit of Dr. Abdullah Abdullah in the capacity of Afghan Foreign Minister during 13-19 th September, 2001 facilitated to have a thorough discussion on the political issues of Afghanistan and India. In return of his visit, the Indian Foreign Minister visited Afghanistan on December 22, 2001 fetched to the Afghanistan to establish new government and adopt the new constitution in Afghanistan, and finally the political relations of Afghanistan and India began to through forward (Rahmany, Personal Communication, March 13, 2015). Further, the political relationship was shaped by Afghanistan, which US policy after September 11, 2001 found that New Delhi and Kabul diplomacy was expanding more actively than other countries in Afghanistan, and wanted to play a more active role in the region, which ultimately resulted in transitional, transitional and elected government Afghanistan has had many meetings with India (Hogg et al., 2013).
After the formation of a new government in Afghanistan, visits to the country's high ranking officials grew, and more and more co-opting ground was established between the two countries. India was ready to cooperate honestly on all issues in Afghanistan. After the formation of the new government in Afghanistan from 2002 to 2013, only Afghan President Hamid Karzai made more than 12 occasional visits to India. Similarly, Manmohan Sing as Indian Prime Minister visited Afghanistan over threes time as the highest Indian official.

Hamid Karzai and His Foreign Relations with India
Hamid Karzai's first visit to India on February 27-21, 2002, which spoke on a renewed political relationship between India and Afghanistan and his second visit to India was held on May 8-5, 2003, during which he was given a diploma from Hamchal Purdish University, who had previously completed his higher education at the same university. The honorary doctor was given to Hamid Karzai. The third visit of Hamid Karzai was on 25-28 February, 2005 was to sign at the meeting of the Civil Aviation Development Memorandum between India and Afghanistan. The fourth official visit was in between 13-19 April, 2006) meant to sign the Memorandum of Understanding with senior Indian officials in the field of boosting trade and trade between Indian and Afghan businessmen.
Hamid Karzai's fifth official visit to India on April 3-4, 2007, was due to India's membership in the SAARC Conference, which was recognized at the meeting of Afghanistan as a major member of the SAARC and his sixth official visit was on August 4-3, 2008 to follow up by India's President and Prime Minister in India regarding the relationship and expansion of Afghanistan. He also eventually traveled to Sri Lanka, where he said that the Afghan-friendly relations with Sri Lanka had taken place. Hamid Karzai's seventh

Mohammad Ashraf Ghani and His Foreign Relations with India
After Mohammad Ashraf Ghani became the second President of the Afghanistan, he visited India on September 2, 2015 to retain the India's economic and military assistance to Afghanistan. Besides, he negotiated with Indian Government for four wheels and also gained a billion dollars donations to strengthen the military system, and a number of other projects on its trip between the two countries. In the background, Ghani welcomed students from India who were studying in India as well as the Defense Forces of India. The second official visit of Ashraf Ghani to India took place on December 4, 2016, at the end of the meeting of the ASIAC heart in Amritsar, Punjab, India, with the participation of 40 countries. At the meeting, representatives from 14 regional countries Afghanistan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and the United Arab Emirates and which are part of the process 17 countries of cooperation namely Australia, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Finland, (Eg, Germany, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and the United States. International partnerships such as the (AKDN), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Conference on Confidence Building Measures in Asia CICA, CSTO, ECO, NATO, NATO The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)) participated in the summit on counterterrorism, the elimination of drug trafficking, and peace, the expansion of transit routes, and the strengthening of trade between the Hindus of Afghanistan. At the first meeting, Ashraf Ghani emphasized that the Pakistani state had approved the withdrawal of the Terrorism Treaty and approved a 500-milliondollar of Pakistan rejected which had been promised by the Brookside government in response to Pakistan's dearest Pakistan National Security Council which subsequently upheld the anger of the Pakistani government was liable.

Visits of Indian Delegates to Afghanistan
The first visit of Manmohan Singh to Kabul was on August 29-28, 2005, and the Co-operation Agreement on Public Health, Education, Agriculture and the Extension of Relations between the two countries was made on this occuation. During second visit on 13-12-2011 to Kabul, Mr. Manmohan Singh spoke to the people of Afghanistan on the Parliament and granted about a 500 million donation.
After Manmohan Singh, Narendra Modi became Indian Prime Minister who visited to Afghanistan on December 25, 2015 and opened the Afghan parliament's parliament, and emphasized its contribution to the Afghan delegates. His second official visit was to open the Salma Dam in Herat and to its subsequent contributions (Kaura, 2017). │ 27 The frequent meetings of high-ranking officials in Afghanistan and India indicate a tightening of relations between the two countries. From the beginning of the interim government to the government and the national administration, the friendship between Afghanistan and India has been regional. The regular meetings between the two countries have made Afghanistan achieve more achievements in the period from 2001 to 2016 in the wider public view of Afghanistan (Morning 8th Newspaper, 2016).

India and Afghanistan: The Fields of Cultural Relations
India and Afghanistan have a long history of cultural relations, one of the Hindu minorities who live in the land of Afghanistan, and the Muslims minorities who are in India shows the cultural relations of the two countries are intertwined, so as to preserve each other and tolerate their friendship without exception, even artists Hindi in Afghanistan has been so influential and accepted by the people of Afghanistan, most Afghan youths can now speak Hindi languages, as well as the Persian language of Afghanistan, the academic atmosphere as a language of interest among students in Indian universities from bachelor up to up to Ph.D. (Masino & Niño-Zarazúa, 2016).
All this aspect shows Afghanistan and India are historically closely involved; India has played a greater role in the various areas of culture, the training of new generation and academic cadres after the establishment of a sovereign government in Afghanistan. India has approved a budget of $ 91 million over the ten year period up to 2021 to provide scholarship programs for capacity building of Afghan students from undergraduate and graduate level to master and PhD level, which provided great opportunities for scientific and cultural development for the people of Afghanistan, which was welcomed by the Ministry of Higher Education in Afghanistan. So far, Afghan students have graduated from Indian universities and now, according to the Afghan government, 16,000 students are studying in the country in Radio Azadi 2016.

India and Afghanistan: Economic Opportunities and Relations
Afghanistan is the only country in the Middle East that consumes most of its neighboring countries' products like cloths, building materials, electronic and electric gadgets, tools, machinery, transport vehicle and what not. Afghanistan's markets are full of import goods. Pakistan is the only country with the most benefits from its proximity to Afghanistan. However, India has not been deprived of Afghanistan's direct transit, but has been able to export more than dozens of its products, including electronics; cloths, Indian drugs, hygiene products and liquid dishwashing bottles can easily be found in the Afghan market.
Pakistan's use of its economic policies, the stipulation of transit conditions, and the high level of Afghan security forces led Afghanistan to look elsewhere for the Afghan market, which on this occasion signed Afghanistan-Iran Memorandum of Understanding on the Port of Chabahar, which could help Afghanistan's business partners Karachi, and more and more opportunities for Afgha n tourists from Chabahar port, which, thankfully, opened the door to new economic opportunities for the three countries. This commentary raised a major concern for Pakistan's emergence of an alarming economic crisis, Chabahar, which has provided more optimism for the Afghan, Indian and Iranian trade, and the expansion of the products of the three countries to the global markets (Rahim, 2016).
India is the only country that has worked effectively with the Afghan government in its economic relations. In particular, Afghanistan can construct the Salma Dam in Herat, the Zarang-i-Delaram Road with a length of 220 kilometers, and other large facilities for expanding construction and commercial projects from this source. In addition of this constructing Afghan Parliament house, the reconstruction of the Palace house in the yard Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is known as a symbol of friendship between Afghanistan and India, and other assistance that India has helped Afghanistan, it is also known as the Friendship Day that is July 4, 2016.
India is a developing country that, after America and China, can become the most opportune moment to become the world's largest economic power, while India has become a major caravan of technology , the world economy, and most of the human resources, experts in various fields of markets in the world (Bremmer & Roubini, 2011). As a result, Afghanistan's sustainable friendship can benefit from the benefits of the Indian government.
The Summit of the Asian Heart Summit held in Istanbul on December 4, 2016 with representatives of 14 countries. Besides, a summit had been took place in the capital city of Punjab, India to make a treat of cooperation with 17 countries and international partnerships with 12 countries. The major focuses of the summit was prevention of terrorist activities and achieve sustainable economic development, nevertheless, this summit can be one of the important meetings in 2016. Likewise "TOPI" project is another important projected signed between the heads of Pakistan, Afghanistan and India in December, 2015.

India's Influence on Afghanistan Foreign Policy and Vice-Versa
The geopolitics and geo-economics position of Afghanistan has attracted the attention of all neighboring countries and the region, but foreign policy of India has studied this issue more closely with other neighboring countries and the political policies of Afghanistan. India and other two countries have been very close in their political affairs in the history of the country, but they have honestly cooperated with Afghanistan in various ways, as it turns out. After the September 11, 2001 incident, Afghanistan became aware of global macroeconomic policies, including the United States and its allies in Afghanistan. The external and internal foreign policy of Afghanistan was at the center of the world's great politics.
India, following the advent of the United States and European countries, strengthened its previous cooperation with Afghanistan, and sought to prioritize its neighbors, especially Pakistan in Afghanistan. India's policy has gained a special status not only for Pakistan, but also for relations. The long-standing cultural and spirituality of the people of Afghanistan has become more heated among Afghan citizens. This is when India's measured and well-established policy in Afghanistan has grown to a point where the United States took note of India's policy and tried to consolidate its ties with India (Hashemi-2009:108). Some argue that India will help Afghanistan with its political ties with Pakistan but the real thing is that India is one of the few countries that pursue its own goals and goals in Afghanistan more than other countries. Meanwhile India sees its foreign policy as an advancement of its country in all its various fields, economic, political, security, stability, and cultural growth.
Afghanistan will be able to find a special place in global politics; these goals are pursued and favoured by their foreign policy. It is clear that Pakistan, contrary to India's beliefs, sees Afghanistan as a disadvantaged vis-à-vis development and struggles to eliminate all evils of the people of Afghanistan (Riddle, 2012).
India, after the United States and China, are struggling to win the third-largest economy in the world. Undoubtedly India's reach for the northern and middle Asia countries has a special status for Afghanistan which brings India closer to its long-term goals. It is clear that the economic power of a country is dependent on the power of relations between the countries, the more India can bring its relations to Central Asia, and the equalizer of India can open economic opportunities. In this regard, the importance of Afghanistan to India is important in the next few years.

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The countries of the region also have a special place in the foreign policy of India, this is why, India alone cannot achieve the goals that the countries of the region want. If SAARC is one of the organizations not founded in India. India is trying to play a greater role in terms of regional cooperation and cooperation to Afghanistan. India's interest that Afghanistan became a permanent member of SAARC and Afghanistan became a part of this organization. Afghanistan became the main focal point of the organization and aftermath acquisition of membership of the SAARC by Afghanistan, it is believed that peace, stability, security and economic stability of Afghanistan are in the region and in the world will only prevail (Tamana, 2014).
India is the pioneer of the countries of the region in the economic growth of Afghanistan (Kumar, 2020). In all the spheres, the Provincial Negotiations of the Regional Cooperation Plan can facilitate the Afghan Government for highly negotiated solutions to the problem of instability and dependency, and put a full-stop for assiduous insurgency. Eventually this fetches for the emergence of independent Afghanistan.

Political Barriers
The geopolitical position of Afghanistan is a key issue that has made Afghanistan the focal point of the attention of the neighboring countries, the region and the world. In the political context of India and Afghanistan, no country is above to Pakistan as it is more critical to create obstacles to Afghanistan, thus, Pakistan has defined Afghanistan's friendship with India as an enemy of Pakistan, while Afghanistan has faced its border problems with Pakistan and India as a border problem in Kashmir With Pakistan, the problem with India and Pakistan will never be an instrument of hostility between India and Afghanistan. The border line controversy leaves a historic background in the Foreign Relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan, which simply cannot put an end to this dilemma. India has no historical problems in its political engagement with Afghanistan and has always been a green line for Afghanistan and a red line for Pakistan. India pushes Afghanistan for development, peace, stability and security. Afghanistan's foreign policy has made it clear that India has proved to be a far more distant, better neighbour than Pakistan for Afghanistan, which can be a good strategic partner, and has proven these beliefs among the Afghan people.
Another challenge is that Afghanistan, over the past 14 years including the headship of Karzai, has not been able to negotiate properly with Pakistan despite of travelling to Pakistan more than 20 times and this act portrays that the Afghanistan has not purposively delegated Pakistan in terms of diplomacy and cooperation. Karzai's weak and unpopular diplomacy also culminated into various political tensions in Pakistan and resulted in worsen diplomacy between Afghanistan and Pakistan. However, in return for official travels to Pakistan, Karzai traveled to India 11 times and made good travel trips, such as belligerent donations for Afghan's educational development, scholarships for younger generations, aid to strength military and so forth. India has something for some reason urged for the peace and stability in Afghanistan. However, President Karzai remains honest as a strategic friend along with the Afghan people.
India and Afghanistan are trying to expand the political, economic, and cultural relations of each other in a concrete and tangible way, but this strategy is not unbelievable for Pakistan, because it is trying to bring this opportunity to India and Afghanistan through terrorist pressures. Even with India, it tries to expand its representation in the Afghan provinces. But Pakistan, by contrast, is trying to eliminate them in their efforts to destroy them. Because Pakistan believes that the Indian agencies will provide military aid to the opposition in Pakistan. Pakistan, as the neighbor, has the most disappointment with Afghanistan's According to the World Organization's intelligence agencies, there are 30 terrorist groups that target the insecurity in the region and Afghanistan; these threats have been creating worries between India and Afghanistan (Williamson, 2016).

Cultural Barriers
Afghanistan and India enjoy a long historical foundation, if look at the history of India and Afghanistan, one can see that the Persian language of Dari in India has a history of 800 years. The Persian language was considered to be the official language in India for a long period, therefore, libraries in India have thousands of books/works in Persian language. According to information available, there are more than 50 Persian language departments exist throughout Indian universities, but they used to be written and spoken in English. Few speak Persian in academic and public places. This may be reduced the speaker of Persians in India.
India and Afghanistan had a history of cultural activities that is before the advent of the country called Pakistan. Afghanistan had a full range of Indian cinema productions and used to engage in cultural leanings. For example, Professor Mohammad Hussein Sarahang is one of the most famous artists in Afghanistan who has been in contact with Indian musicians, making his artistic activities along with Indian-singers. As Afghan people listen to Bolyhood music in Hindi, the high cultural quality of the music industry in Afghanistan is gradually augmenting. Nowadays Afghan youth can easily speak Hindi while Afghan music is not definitely seen by the Indian youth due to the lack of artists and absence of quality film industry. It should be noted that security problems in Afghanistan are another challenge for the Indian artists to cooperate with Afghan artists on the activities of the film industry.
More number of academic exchange and activities are being taken place in India and that can be seen from 16,000 Afghan students in Indian universities wherein they pursue quality education and encompassed with healthy academic nexus and links in Radio Dari 2016.

Economic Barriers
The Chabahar port is considered as a new opportunity for the growth of the Afghan economy and a red line for Pakistan, which Pakistan has been trying to overcome in the wake of a major economic crisis in Afghanistan. It will explore this prospect's opportunity through insurgency, the insecurity of the region's instability for the Red Line's port. Based on Pakistani economic experts, the concerns that the Chabahar port will face stagnant Pakistani economic revenues as it will face the economic challenge. However, this is the one among main reasons for Pakistan's misconceptions about Afghanistan. These concerns have made Pakistan unleashes the opportunity and will face any major threats.
India's contribution to regional cooperation and to the Afghan economy are another concerns so as Pakistan seeks to diminish important meetings of regional and international cooperation in order to create challenges to break the path desired goals to be achieved by of India and Afghanistan. Pakistan, despite the trade agreements between Afghanistan and India, has never been honest with the agreements it has made, but vice-versa is trying to keep business opportunities between India and Afghanistan intolerable. The political climate between India, Afghanistan and Pakistan is a challenge so far and as of now. The big business is the regional business that has faced business in the slow-moving all the regional countries. │ 31 The Durand line between Afghanistan and Pakistan is the reason of conflict and disturbing friendship of its neighbouring countries, thereby, some sort of unrest also prevails in the Middle East. As a result, it makes the regional business impossible and creates many political challenges. Afghanistan usually exports its fresh fruits to Pakistan and Pakistan used to send cloths, pulses and other food products in return. When the political uncertainty is created by Pakistan with regard to Duran line, Afghanistan faces a variety of challenges and prices of imports from Pakistan will be raised like anything. Lack of transit ports in Afghanistan to export fresh fruits, Afghanistan always depends upon Pakistan's transit affiliation but this dependency usually badly treated as a tool of political pressure by Pakistan. It has been seen repeatedly that when a hot political tandem flared between Pakistan and Afghanistan, Pakistan would immediately take this opportunity for Afghanistan's dependence on the port of Karachi to curtail the economic growth of Afghanistan (Hafizullah, 2018).

Security Barriers
One of the major challenges facing the security of India and Afghanistan, both of which are fighting against the common enemy, is terrorism, narcotics and anti-trafficking around the border of both countries. Secondly the Historical Dilemma of the Commonwealth of Kashmiri Indians and the Durand Line between Pakistan and Afghanistan is one of the major issues that may make tensions between the three countries. The third barrier is that supporting and developing terrorism on the borders of India and Afghanistan is one of the major challenges facing stability and security between the two countries. Fourth is the lack of control over the border lines of India and Afghanistan has led to greater threats to the security and stability of India and Afghanistan. Fifth is that Saudi-American financial support for Pakistan and the region is one of the major challenges facing Afghanistan and India. The last barrier is that Afghanistan and India are struggling to have a stable, developed country to use new approaches and to achieve their full stability and integrity. But Pakistan considers India's entry into Afghanistan one of the main challenges and it challenges the friendship of India and Afghanistan, thus, it is a barrier in way. While India views stability in Afghanistan as to maintain the stability in the region and the world, it continues to foster stability and plans for peace and reconciliation with terrorism in cooperation with partner organizations and the region.

CONCLUSION
India and Afghanistan share the same history and friendship, while India has not had any differences in political, economic, and cultural relations with Afghanistan in the past, and India has consistently responded to the pulse of the policies of the region and Afghanistan. In this regard, Afghanistan has always supported India's foreign policy and has described India as an appropriate neighbor in its political affairs. In all of the polls that have taken place, the people of Afghanistan have called India as the true friend of Afghanistan. Pakistan's friendship has created a gener al concern for Pakistanis, while Pakistanis have defined India's friendship with Afghanistan as an enemy of Pakistan, because Afghanistan will never share the disagreements that India has with Pakistan. India has never cut off its aid for certain goals and has not provided the aid to Afghanistan with any preconditions during the course of its history, and has continued its assistance. While the people of Afghanistan love the India as a country and the people of India with a special respect. They always celebrate the friendship of India and Afghanistan as they know that India is the only true friend of Afghanistan, and feel that India is for neighboring countries to offer sincere cooperation with the developed Indian model of tolerance.