Challenges and Strategies in the Implementation of Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Task Forces in Religious Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia

Challenges and Strategies in the Implementation of Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Task Forces in Religious Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia

Authors

  • Akhmad Anwar Dani Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said
  • Fathan Fathan Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
  • Budiasih Budiasih Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
  • Danang Try Purnomo Sekolah Tinggi Agama Buddha Negeri Raden Wijaya
  • Ni Putu Eka Merliana Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/ks.v7i2.46385

Keywords:

Digital reporting systems, religious higher education institutions, sexual violence prevention, sexual violence response task forces, training programs

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the challenges and strategies in enhancing the effectiveness of sexual violence prevention and response task forces in Indonesian religious higher education institutions. The study identifies various obstacles that universities face in implementing policies for the prevention and handling of sexual violence, as well as the strategies they employ to overcome these challenges. This research adopts a qualitative approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with heads of gender and child study centers, members of the sexual violence prevention and response task forces, and lecturers across seven religious higher education institutions in Indonesia. The findings reveal that, although several universities have established task forces, they still encounter major challenges, such as limited trained human resources, victims’ reluctance to report incidents, and conservative campus cultures. However, the strategies implemented, including continuous training for staff and lecturers and the use of technology for reporting, have proven effective in raising awareness and improving responsiveness to sexual violence. This study contributes significantly to the development of policies for the prevention and handling of sexual violence in religious higher education institutions. It recommends strengthening institutional structures, intensifying training programs, and developing more integrated digital reporting systems to create safer and more responsive campuses. Furthermore, this research provides an original contribution by exploring the challenges and strategies faced by religious universities in implementing sexual violence prevention and response policies, offering new insights into how these strategies can be improved and adapted to the specific context of religious higher education in Indonesia.

References

Adams-Clark, A. A., Harsey, S., & Freyd, J. J. (2024). Factors of Institutional Betrayal Associated with PTSD Symptoms and Barriers to Service Use Among Campus Sexual Assault Survivors. Psychological Injury and Law, 17(4), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-024-09524-5

Adi, R. S. A. (2025). Satgas PPKS Wujud Komitmen UNAIR Memerangi Kasus Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Universitas Airlangga website: https://unair.ac.id/satgas-ppks-wujud-komitmen-unair-memerangi-kasus-kekerasan-seksual-di-kampus/

Amri, D. (2024). “Saya tidak mau ada korban lain” – Kasus dugaan pelecehan seksual di Unhas, Satgas PPKS minta dosen terduga pelaku diberhentikan. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from BBC.com website: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cd0g0pd7zx7o

BBC. (2022). Kasus pelecehan seksual Universitas Riau: Terdakwa divonis bebas, Nadiem Makarim temui korban untuk proses sanksi administratif. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from BBC News Indonesia website: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-61111705

Bull, A., Duggan, M., & Livesey, L. (2022). Researching Students’ Experiences of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence and Harassment: Reflections and Recommendations from Surveys of Three UK HEIs. Social Sciences, 11(8), 373. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11080373

Cheng, D., Does, S., Gündemir, S., & Shih, M. (2024). How Organizational Responses to Sexual Harassment Claims Shape Public Perception. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 46(3), 169–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2024.2313536

Detik.com. (2025). Fakta-fakta Terbaru Kasus Dosen UIN Mataram Cabuli 7 Mahasiswi Bidikmisi. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Detik.com website: https://www.detik.com/bali/hukum-dan-kriminal/d-7927988/fakta-fakta-terbaru-kasus-dosen-uin-mataram-cabuli-7-mahasiswi-bidikmisi

Fethi, I., Daigneault, I., Bergeron, M., Hébert, M., & Lavoie, F. (2022). Campus Sexual Violence. Journal of International Students, 13(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v13i1.3685

Franklin, C. A., Jin, H. R., Ashworth, L. M., & Viada, J. H. (2016). Sexual Assault Resource Availability on Texas Higher Education Campuses: A Web Site Content Analysis. Women & Criminal Justice, 26(5), 354–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2015.1128377

Gleckman-Krut, M., Armstrong, E. A., & Bonar, E. E. (2022). Preventing Campus Sexual Violence. Contexts, 21(1), 68–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/15365042221083016

Gómez, J. M. (2022). Gender, Campus Sexual Violence, Cultural Betrayal, Institutional Betrayal, and Institutional Support in U.S. Ethnic Minority College Students: A Descriptive Study. Violence Against Women, 28(1), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801221998757

Grehenson, G. (2025). UGM Beri Sanksi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual di Fakultas Farmasi. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Universitas Gadjah Mada website: https://ugm.ac.id/id/berita/ugm-beri-sanksi-pelaku-kekerasan-seksual-di-fakultas-farmasi/

Hermawati, Y. (2023). Framework for Handling Sexual Violence in Indonesian Universities. Komunitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v15i2.47668

Kennedy, K., Malinen, K., & Gunn, V. (2025). Increasing Sexual Violence Reporting and Disclosure in Higher Education Institutions: A Proposed Approach to Critically Analyze the Internal Organizational Context. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 21(1), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/JFN.0000000000000490

Khoiri, I., & Kafa, M. Z. (2024). Policy Analysis of Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021: Dynamics of Higher Education Resistance and Rethinking the Best Solutions. Journal of Governance and Public Affairs, 1(2), 19–42. https://doi.org/10.22437/bm65g498

Kirkner, A., Plummer, S. B., Findley, P. A., & McMahon, S. (2022). Campus sexual violence victims with disabilities: Disclosure and help seeking. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(9–10), NP7156--NP7177. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520967149

Komariah, F. (2024). Perguruan Tinggi Didorong Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Radio Republik Indonesia website: https://rri.co.id/nasional/1205531/perguruan-tinggi-didorong-mencegah-kekerasan-seksual-di-kampus

Komnas Perempuan. (2025). Siaran Pers Komnas Perempuan Merespons Kasus Kekerasan Seksual di Perguruan Tinggi “Memastikan Ketidakberulangan Kekerasan Seksual di Perguruan Tinggi.” Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Komnas Perempuan website: https://komnasperempuan.go.id/siaran-pers-detail/siaran-pers-komnas-perempuan-merespons-kasus-kekerasan-seksual-di-perguruan-tinggi

Kompas.id. (2025). Menghapus Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Kompas.id website: https://www.kompas.id/artikel/menghapus-kekerasan-seksual-di-kampus

Kompas TV. (2025). Korban Enggan Lapor, Bagaimana Usut Kasus Kekerasan Seksual oleh Guru Besar Farmasi UGM? Retrieved June 23, 2025, from KOMPAS TV website: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_iUMEZnTQg

Lune, H., & Berg, B. L. (2017). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. Boston: Pearson.

Mahmudah, U., & Fatimah, S. (2022). Sexual Harassment In Education Institutions: College Students’ Sexually Abused Experience and Its Impact On Their Lives. Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Islam, 20(1), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2021.201.97-107

Marfu’ah, U., Rofi’ah, S., & Maksun, M. (2021). Sistem Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus UIN Walisongo Semarang. Kafa`ah: Journal of Gender Studies, 11(1), 95. https://doi.org/10.15548/jk.v11i1.379

Maxwell, J. (2009). Designing a Qualitative Study. In The SAGE Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods (Vol. 2, pp. 214–253). 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483348858.n7

McElveen, M. (2025). Association of the Campus Program Grant and Institutional Characteristics on Reporting of On-Campus Sexual Violence Crimes. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605251343198

Mendikbudristek. (2021). Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi. Retrieved from https://lldikti3.kemdikbud.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Materi-sosialisasi-PPKS-Puspeka-LL-DIkti-3-Ryka.pdf

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. London and New Delhi: Sage Publications, Inc.

Mitra, A., Swendeman, D., Sumstine, S., Sorin, C. R., Bloom, B. E., & Wagman, J. A. (2022). Structural Barriers to Accessing the Campus Assault Resources and Education (CARE) Offices at the University of California (UC) Campuses. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(21–22), NP19468–NP19490. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211042813

Musyafaah, N. L., Safiudin R, A., & Syafaq, H. (2022). Peran Pusat Studi Gender dan Anak Dalam Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Al-Jinayah Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam, 8(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.15642/aj.2022.8.2.117-140

Napitupulu, E. L. (2021). Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus Tidak Ditoleransi. Retrieved June 24, 2024, from Kompas website: https://www.kompas.id/artikel/kekerasan-seksual-di-kampus-tidak-ditoleransi

Nilawati, N., Antasari, R. R., Erniwati, E., Adib, H. S., & Sobari, D. (2023). Creating Safe and Supportive Environments: A Policy for Addressing Sexual Violence in Islamic Religious Universities. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(3), 3906–3913. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.2900

Nursyifa, A., Somantri, G. R., & Ery Seda, F. S. S. (2024). Sexual violence mitigation in realizing a violence-free campus. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS), 13(4), 2005. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v13i4.24110

PGSA UIN Jakarta. (2025). Stop Kekerasan! Mari Bersama Wujudkan Kampus Aman di UIN Jakarta. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Instagram @psgauinjkt website: https://www.instagram.com/p/DCn-PPNBiC8/

Pont, A. V., & Nurfatimah, N. (2022). Sosialisasi Permendikbud Nomor 30 Tahun 2021 tentang Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual pada Mahasiswa. Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(4), 809–815. https://doi.org/10.33860/pjpm.v3i4.1636

Psikologi UIN Jakarta. (2022). Seminar Nasional “Kekerasan Seksual di Dalam Kampus.” Retrieved June 23, 2025, from UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta website: https://fpsi.uinjkt.ac.id/id/seminar-nasional-kekerasan-seksual-di-dalam-kampus

Riwanto, A., Harisudin, M. N., Suryaningsih, S., & Firmandiaz, V. (2023). Addressing Campus Sexual Violence: A Collaborative Governance Approach to Legal Policy. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi, 6(2), 225–244. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v6i2.9523

Rubiano-Matulevich, E. (2019). Preventing , Reporting and Responding to Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in Tertiary Education Institutions. The World Bank.

Saputra, M., Rapita, D. D., Utami, N. W., & Katmawanti, S. (2023). Sexual violence and higher education: How to solve sexual violence cases from students perspective in indonesia. International Conference on Social Knowledge Sciences and Education (ICSKSE 2023), 364–371. Atlantis Press.

Sastra, Y. (2022). Korban Kekerasan Seksual Dosen di Universitas Andalas Belum Melapor ke Polisi. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Kompas.id website: https://www.kompas.id/artikel/korban-kekerasan-seksual-oknum-dosen-di-universitas-andalas-belum-melapor-ke-polisi

Sayadi, D. P., Khatami, M. I., & Kasastra, A. (2020). Women Protecting System (WPS): Aplikasi Digital Start Up Pelindung Dari Kekerasan dan Kejahatan Seksual Terhadap Perempuan. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Penalaran (PENA), 7(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.26618/jp.v7i1.3331

Sinha, A., & Bondestam, F. (2022). Moving beyond bureaucratic grey zones: Managing sexual harassment in Indian higher education. Higher Education, 84(3), 469–485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-021-00779-4

Sinombor, S. H. (2023). Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus dengan Perkuat Regulasi. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Kompas.id website: https://www.kompas.id/artikel/mencegah-kekerasan-seksual-di-kampus-dengan-perkuat-regulasi

Soenarto-Putri, T. W., Nurdiana, N., Rolobessy, M. J., Soputan, G. J., Mulyani, W. P., Pramuwardhani-Dewi, M., … Suwarjiyanto, S. (2024). Developing and Strengthening the Role of Institutions in Preventing and Addressing Sexual Violence in Higher Education. Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies, 13(13), 119–136. https://doi.org/10.17583/generos.12424

Sukeni, D. S., & Bhanu Prakash. (2023). Sexual Violence in Higher Education, Policies in Indonesia and India. Justitia Jurnal Hukum, 7(2), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.30651/justitia.v7i2.20438

Suwendi. (2019). Memaknai Terbitnya PP Pendidikan Tinggi Keagamaan. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Kementerian Agama RI website: https://kemenag.go.id/opini/memaknai-terbitnya-pp-pendidikan-tinggi-keagamaan-2tpokb

Syawaluddin, M. (2024). LBH Catat Ada 4 Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Terjadi di UIN Alauddin Makassar. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Metro TV News website: https://www.metrotvnews.com/read/KXyCA13O-lbh-catat-ada-4-kasus-kekerasan-seksual-terjadi-di-uin-alauddin-makassar

Towl, G. J., & Humphreys, C. J. (2022). Conclusion: Future directions in addressing our problem with gender-based violence in higher education. In Stopping Gender-based Violence in Higher Education (pp. 413–422). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003252474-25

Universitas Siber Asia. (2024). Satgas PPKS. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Universitas Siber Asia (UNSIA) website: https://unsia.ac.id/satgas-ppks/

Unpar. (2023). UNPAR Terima Penghargaan PTS yang Telah Bentuk Satgas PPKS. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Universitas Katolik Parahyangan (UNPAR) website: https://unpar.ac.id/unpar-terima-penghargaan-pts-yang-telah-bentuk-satgas-ppks/

UNY. (2021). Webinar Bahaya Tindak Kekerasan Seksual. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta website: https://uny.ac.id/id/berita/webinar-bahaya-tindak-kekerasan-seksual

Voth, R., Dixie, S., Megan, H., & Leila, L. B. (2021). Advocate and Survivor Perspectives on the Role of Technology in Help Seeking and Services with Emerging Adults in Higher Education. Journal of Family Violence, 37(1), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-021-00279-0

Voth Schrag, R. J. (2017). Campus based sexual assault and dating violence: A review of study contexts and participants. Affilia, 32(1), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109916644644

Wahyuni, W. (2024). Minimnya Fasilitas Kampus Jadi Penyebab Kekerasan Seksual Marak di Perguruan Tinggi. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from Hukumonline.com website: https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/minimnya-fasilitas-kampus-jadi-penyebab-kekerasan-seksual-marak-di-perguruan-tinggi-lt65bb8cf8cf830/

Wijaya, C. (2019). Dugaan pelecehan seksual mahasiswi UIN SGD Bandung: Mengapa “tidak pernah terungkap”? Retrieved June 23, 3035, from BBC.com website: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-47302727

Wijaya, P. C. (2025). Dukungan Sebaya: Merawat Aksi Mahasiswa dalam Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual. Retrieved June 24, 2025, from Pusat Penguatan Karakter Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah website: https://cerdasberkarakter.kemendikdasmen.go.id/dukungan-sebaya-merawat-aksi-mahasiswa-dalam-pencegahan-dan-penanganan-kekerasan-seksual-2/

Wooten, S. C., & Mitchell, R. W. (2015). The Crisis of Campus Sexual Violence (Sara Carrigan Wooten & R. W. Mitchell, Eds.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315725604

Yount, K. M., Whitaker, D. J., Fang, X., Trang, Q. T., Macaulay, M., & Minh, T. H. (2024). Strategies for Implementing GlobalConsent to Prevent Sexual Violence in University Men (SCALE): study protocol for a national implementation trial. Trials, 25(1), 571. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08401-5

Downloads

Published

2025-08-16
Loading...