Intelektual Muslim Priangan dan Gerakan Pembaharuan Islam: Studi Kasus K.H. Mustofa Kamil (1900–1945)

Abstract

This study examines the role of K.H. Mustofa Kamil as an influential Priangan Muslim intellectual in the Islamic renewal movement in Garut during the period 1900–1945. The focus of the study is directed at his ideas, da'wah strategies, and his contribution in transforming the religious practices of local communities through educational approaches, teaching modernist scriptures, and restructuring religious traditions. As a figure who lived during the colonial transition period, K.H. Mustofa Kamil presents a synthesis between the pesantren tradition and the reformist ideas that developed in the Islamic world in the early 20th century. Using historical research methods that include heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, this study traces primary and secondary sources in the form of colonial archives, pesantren records, interviews with his descendants and students, and literature on the Islamic renewal movement in Indonesia. The analysis shows that K.H. Mustofa Kamil played a role as an agent of renewal who introduced the rationalization of religious practices, an emphasis on the purity of faith, and a strengthening of the ethos of modern Islamic education. The research findings confirm that the reform movement in Garut was influenced not only by global modernism but also by local intellectual dynamics, represented by figures such as K.H. Mustofa Kamil. His contributions provided a crucial foundation for the development of modern Islam in East Priangan and demonstrated that the process of religious renewal in the region was not simply the adoption of external ideas, but rather the result of creative adaptation by local actors.

Keywords: K.H. Mustofa Kamil; Islamic Reform; Priangan Intellectuals; Garut; Islamic Modernism; Social and Religious History.