Restorative Justice: Alternative Dispute Resolution for Medical and Health Workers Regarding Alleged Criminal Acts and Islamic Legal Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i3.49736Kata Kunci:
criminal offense, Islamic law, medical professionals, restorative justice, sulhAbstrak
Restorative Justice (RJ) is a case resolution approach oriented towards repairing harm, protecting victims' rights, and rebuilding social relationships between the parties involved in a dispute. This approach is particularly relevant for resolving cases involving medical and health professionals, especially when there are allegations of criminal offenses arising from errors in medical care or actions deemed to constitute malpractice. Resolving such cases through litigation can, in certain situations, lead to the criminalization of health professionals—even when the error was not intentional or malicious but rather influenced by the complexities and limitations of the healthcare environment. In this context, RJ offers a more human-centric alternative by prioritizing deliberation, dialogue between the victim and the health professional, the provision of compensation, and efforts to improve the quality of care. Islamic legal perspectives also align with these principles of peaceful dispute resolution through the concept of al-sulh (emphasizing peace and reconciliation) and the mechanism of diyat (compensation for harm suffered by the victim). Both concepts reflect the importance of restoring rights, ensuring justice, and balancing the interests of the parties involved. The application of RJ can also be linked to the objectives of maqasid al-shari‘ah (the higher objectives of Islamic law), particularly the preservation of life (hifz al-nafs), intellect (hifz al-‘aql), and honor (hifz al-‘ird). Thus, the use of RJ in resolving cases involving medical and health professionals is an approach that not only supports restorative justice within the positive legal system but also rests on a value foundation consistent with the principles of justice, peace, victim protection, and the public good (maslahah) in Islamic law.
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