PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM PALM SHELL BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION WITH KOH AS AN ADSORBENT DYE

Authors

  • Intan - Lestari Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Jln. Raya Jambi-Ma. Bulian Km 15 Mendalo Indah, Ma. Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia, Indonesia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-7895
  • Rendi Apriansyah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Jln. Raya Jambi-Ma. Bulian Km 15 Mendalo Indah, Ma. Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
  • Diah Riski Gusti Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Jln. Raya Jambi-Ma. Bulian Km 15 Mendalo Indah, Ma. Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
  • M. Naswir Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Jln. Raya Jambi-Ma. Bulian Km 15 Mendalo Indah, Ma. Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
  • Edwin Permana Department of Chemical Industry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Jln. Raya Jambi-Ma. Bulian Km 15 Mendalo Indah, Ma. Jambi. Jambi Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/ak.v11i2.40978

Keywords:

Adsorben. activated carbon, dye palm shell

Abstract

Activated carbon is a well known as porous material, with large specific surface area, which is useful in adsorption of both gases and solutes from aqueous solution. In this research, prepraration of activated carbon was through chemical activation of palm shells using KOH as an activator. Preparation of carbon from palm shell were the first carbonized in a furnace at temperature of 400 - 500 °C. Carbon is soaked in KOH activator solution for 8 hours and then carbonized at a temperature of 600 - 800 °C. The activated carbon obtained was characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR. Characterization using SEM shows that activated carbon has pores and using FTIR shows the presence of several functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), carbonyl (-C=O) that can be used for adsorption. Adsorption studies were carried out using batch experiments with synthetic naphthol and remazole dye solutions. The adsorption study was carried out in batch, based on isotherm assumptions and following Langmuir isotherm model. These results indicate that palm shell activated carbon has the potential used as an adsorbent for removing naphthol and remazole dyes from the solution.

References

Kandisa, R.V., Saibaba K.V.N., Shaik, K.B., and Gopinath. R., “Dye Removal by Adsorption : A Reviewâ€, J. Bioremediasi and Biodegrad, 4(6) : 1-4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000371 .

Zaini, M.A.A., Meng, T.W., Kamaruddin, M.J., Setapar, S.H.M and Che Yunus, M.A., “Microwave- Induced Zinc Chloride Activated Palm Kernel Shell for Dye Removal,†J. Sains Malaysiana, 43(9) : p. 1421– 1428, 2014.

Bazrafshan, E., Mostafapour, F.K., Hosseini, R., Khorshid, A.R., Mahvi, A.H., “Decolorisation of Reactive Red 120 Dye by Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Solutions,†J. Chemistry. 13 : 1-8, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/938374 .

Dasgupta, J., Sikder, J., Chakraborty, S., Curcio., Drioli, E., “Remediation of textile effluents by membrane-based treatment techniques: A state-of-the-art review,†J. Environ. Manage, 147, pp 55–72, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.08.008 .

Yue, X., Huang, J., Jiang, F., Lin, H., and Chen,Y, “Synthesis and characterization of cellulose- based adsorbent for removal of anionic and cationic dyesâ€, J.Eng. Fibers and Fabrics, 14 : 1–10, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1177/1558925019828194 .

Taylor, P., Bazrafshan, E., Alipour, M.R., Mahvi, A.H., “Textile wastewater treatment by application of combined chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation, and adsorption processes, Desalination and Water Treatment, 20(27) : 37–41, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1027960 .

Hassan, N., Abdullah, R., Khadiran, T., Elham, P., Vejan, P., “Biochar and Activated Carbon Derived From Oil Palm Kernel Shell as a Framework for the Preparation of Sustainable Controlled Release Urea Fertiliser,†Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(13) : pp. 38738–38750, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24970-x .

Yacob, A.R., Wahab, N., Suhaimi, N.H and Mustajab, M.K.A.A., “Microwave Induced Carbon from Waste Palm Kernel Shell Activated by Phosphoric Acid,†Int. J.Eng.and Tech, 5(2) : p. 214- 217, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2013.v5.545 .

Suganya, S., Senthil Kumar, P., Influence of ultrasonic waves on preparation of active carbon from coffee waste for the reclamation of effluents containing Cr(VI) ions, J. Ind. and Eng. Chem, Vol 13 : 1-13, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2017.11.029 .

Maheshwari, K., Solanki, Y.S, Sabbir, M., Agarwal, M, Dohare, R., Gupta, R., “Ultrasonic Treatment Of Textile dye effluent utilizing microwave-assisted activated carbon,†Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 39(5), 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.13410 .

El-Wakil A.M, Abou El-Maaty W.M and Awad F.S., “Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution on Activated Carbon and Modified Activated Carbon Prepared from Dried Water Hyacinth Plant,†J. Anal Bioanal Tech, 5 (2), 2014, https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000187 .

Agrawal, V.R., Vikrant S.V., Amol P.K.,â€Activated Carbon as Adsorbent in Advanced Treatment of Wastewater,†IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 14(4), pp. 36-40, 2017, https://doi.org/10.9790/1684-1404023640 .

Rahayu, M.A., Qisthi, Z., Wijaya, D.E., Gusti, D.R., Lestari, I., “Adsorpsi Ion Logam Pb (II) Menggunakan Karbon Aktif Teraktivasi H3PO4 dari Cangkang Buah Karet,†Sci. Tech. J. Ilmu Pengetahuan, 10(1), 2024.

Maheshwari, K., Solanki, Y.S., Sabbir, M., Agarwal, M., Dohare, R., GuptaKharisma, R., “Ultrasonic treatment of textile dye effluent utilizing Microwave-assisted Activated carbon,†Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 39(5), 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.13410 .

Liew, R.K., Min Yee Chong, Osazuwa, O.U., Nam, W. L., Phang, X.Y., Su, M.H., Cheng, C.K., Cheng Tung Chong, Su Shiung Lam, “Production of activated carbon as a catalyst support by microwave pyrolysis of palm kernel shell: a comparative study of chemical versus physical activation,†Res. Jem. Inter, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3388-y .

Heidarinejad, Z., Rahmanian, O., Fazlzadeh, M., Heidari, M., “Enhancement of methylene blue adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from Date Press Cake by low frequency ultrasound,†J. of Molecular Liquids, 5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.100

Kasih, T.S.D., Taufik, M., Khair, M., “Pembuatan Karbon Aktif dari Limbah Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis) Menggunakan Metoda Sonikas,†Periodic , 9(2) : 60- 64, 2020.

Lestari, I., Prasetyo, E dan Gusti, D.R., “Penggunaan Karbon Aktif Magnetit Fe3O4 Sebagai Penyerap Zat Warna Remazol Yellow,†Jurnal BIGME. 1(1), 2021, https://doi.org/10.22437/bigme.v1i1.12311

Downloads

Published

2024-12-30

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): al Kimiya: Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).