Penentuan Wali Nikah Bagi Anak Perempuan Di Luar Perkawinan: Ketegangan Antara Kompilasi Hukum Islam Dan Pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyah

Abstract

This study examines marriage guardianship under the KHI, analyzes Ibn Taymiyyah's concept of lineage acknowledgment (istilhāq), and explores its relevance to social practices and Islamic family law reform in Indonesia. Employing an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach, the research combines literature review, observation, and interviews with two informants in Dusun Dondong Timur, Wampu District. The findings reveal that the KHI establishes lineage as the legal basis for marriage guardianship, thereby excluding biological fathers from serving as lineage-based guardians for daughters born outside marriage. In contrast, Ibn Taymiyyah's concept of istilhāq allows paternal acknowledgment under specific conditions, potentially affecting paternal responsibilities and guardianship. Field findings indicate that both informants continue to regard state-appointed guardians (wali hakim) as the appropriate legal mechanism, despite acknowledging administrative difficulties and social stigma. The study identifies a tension between lineage-based legal certainty and the need to protect children's rights. Its principal contribution lies in proposing a conceptual harmonization of the KHI, Ibn Taymiyyah's jurisprudential reasoning, and the principle of public welfare (maṣlaḥah), while emphasizing that biological paternity does not automatically confer legal authority to act as a marriage guardian.