The Physiological Responses of Zea Mays L. and Cucumis Sativus L. on Drought Stress and Re-Watering


Selis Meriem(1*), Evi Muliyah(2), Melisnawati H. Angio(3), Triadiati Triadiati(4)

(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin, Makasar, Gowa 92113, Indonesia, Indonesia
(2) Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta 15412, Indonesia, Indonesia
(3) Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Purwodadi - LIPI, Jl. Raya Surabaya - Malang No.KM. 65, Pasuruan 67163, Indonesia, Indonesia
(4) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Drought leads to deficit water availability and its detrimental effects seriously threaten plant growth. This study assessed the physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant adjustments in different types of photosynthetic plants between Zea mays L. (C4) and Cucumis sativus L. (C3 plant) under response to short-term drought stress. Analyses of relative water content (RWC), proline, and ascorbic acid (AsA) were performed to explore how these plants react to drought. Fifteen-day-old plants were subjected to full irrigation or gradual drought periods for 2-d, 4-d, 6-d, and 8-d following by recovery for 7-d. The results revealed that drought significantly reduces leaf RCW in both plants. Re-watered Z. mays after 8-d drought was higher than C. sativus and reestablished RCW by 23% of stressed plant although remained lower by 9% of the well-watered plant. While, proline and AsA contents in Z. mays were higher than those in C. sativus in drought treatment at 8-d (2.05 µmol/g FW) and 6-d (3174.60 AsA/100 g FW), respectively, that could demonstrate osmotic adjustment ability in this C4 species. The increased proline in both plants also indicates a good strategy for plants to recover. Rewatering gave a decrease AsA and could be expected that plants restore cellular activity after oxidative injury. Based on our study, proline is the most informative biochemical marker to differentiate plant response to drought and Z. mays adjusted defense mechanism to drought rather than C. sativus due to higher accumulation of proline, better antioxidant activity, and improved RCW after recovery.


Keywords


acorbic acid, Cucumis sativus L., drought, proline, relative water content, Zea mays L.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12572

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