Micropropagation of Three Endemic Begonias Using Various Hormones Concentration and Culture Media Application


Lily Ismaini(1*), Intani Quarta Lailaty(2), Muhammad Efendi(3)

(1) Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Sindanglaya, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia, 43253, Indonesia
(2) Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Sindanglaya, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia, 43253, Indonesia
(3) Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Sindanglaya, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia, 43253, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Three species of Begonias endemic to Java and Sumatra, namely Begonia leuserensis, Begonia atricha and Begonia scottii, were conserved in Cibodas Botanic Gardens as sources of germplasm for ornamental plant and/or medicines. However, the information on efficient hormones concentration and their culture media application through an in vitro propagation effort is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the growth response of three species of Begonias using various hormones concentrations and culture media through in vitro propagation. The culture media using Murashige & Skoog (MS) media that combinedwith 6-Benzyladenine (BA) dan Thidiazuron (TDZ) hormones in different concentrations i.e. 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 3 mg/L. Observation parameter included shoot number, plantlets height, and leaves number. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the F test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that three species of Begonias were observed to have different growth responses in the combination of MS+BA and MS+TDZ media. The combination of MS+TDZ media produces more shoots number, while the combination of MS+BA media influenced higher in leaves number. A concentration of 0.5 mg/L of hormone showed a good regeneration, therefore were recommended for in vitro propagation of Begonia species.

Keywords


Begonia atricha, Begonia leuserensis, endemic, micropropagation, plant conservation

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adds, J., Larkcom, E. & Miller, R. (2004). Genetics, Evolution, and Biodiversity. United Kingdom: Nelson Advanced Science.

Ahmadi, E., Nasr, S. M. H., Jalilvand, H. & Savadkoohi, S. K. (2012). Contamination Control of Microbe Ziziphus spina [christti] seed in vitro culture. Trees, l26(4), 1299–1304.

Ardi, W. H., Ardaka, I. M., Lugrayasa, I. N.,& Thomas, D. C. (2014a). Two New Species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 71(2), 259-268.

Ardi, W. H., Kusuma, Y. W. C., Lewis, C. E., Risna, R. A., Wiriadinata, H., Abdo, M. & Thomas, D. C. (2014b). Studies on Begonia (Begoniaceae) of the Molucca Islands I: Two New species from Halmahera, Indonesia, and updated description of Begonia holosericea. Reinwardtia, 14(1), 19-26.

Ardi, W. H. & Hughes, M. (2018). Two New species of Begonia from Sumatra. Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 1-8.

Arinaitwe, G., Rubaihayo, P. R. & Magambo, M. J. S. (2000). Proliferation Rate Effects of Cytokinins on Banana (Musa spp.) Cultivars. Scientia Horticulture, 86, 13-21.

Awal, A., Taha, R. M. & Hasbullah, N. A. (2008). Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Begonia x hiemalis Fotsch. in Vitro. Journal of Biological Scientific, 8(5), 920-924.

Correia, A. M. L., Lira, S. P., Assis, M. A. & Rodrigues, A. (2018). Fungal Endophyte communities in Begonia Species from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Current Microbiology, 75(4), 441–449.

Efendi, M. (2018). Konservasi Eksitu Jenis Begonia Alam Pegunungan Sumatra di Kebun Raya Cibodas, Jawa Barat. Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera: A Scientific Journal, 35(2), 84 – 90.

Efendi, M. (2019). Begonia Alam di Kebun Raya Baturaden. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, Bogor, pp. 13-17.

Efendi, M., Handayani, A. & Lailaty, I. Q. (2019). Seed Germination of Twelve Indonesian Begonias for Conservation. Biodiversitas, 20(4), 1192-1197.

Elfiani & Jakoni. (2015). Sterilisasi Eksplan dan Subkultur Anggrek, Sirih Merah dan Krisan pada Perbanyakan Tanaman Secara in Vitro. Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian, 3(2), 117-124.

Espino, F. J., Linacero, R., Rueda, J. & Vazquez, A. M. (2000). Shoot Regeneration in four Begonia Genotypes. Biologia Plantarum, 48 (1), 101-104.

George, E. F. & Sherington, P. D. (l984). Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture. Handbook and Directory of Commercial Laboratories. England: Exegetic.

George, E. F., Hall, M. A., & Klerk, G. D. (2008). Plant Growth Regulators II: Cytokinins, their Anologues and Antagonists. Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture 3rd Edition. Netherland: Springer.

Gergely, J. E. & Cachiţă-Cosma, D. (2011). Initiation of Begonia Semperflorens cv. Ambassador white Vitroculture from Plant Apex of Zygote Origin. Studia Universitatis “Vasile Goldiş”, Seria Ştiinţele Vieţii, 21(3), 581-586.

Girmansyah, D. & Susanti, R. (2015). Two new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Borneo. Kew Bulletin, 70(19), 1-7.

Girmansyah, D. (2017). Sinopsis Begonia liar di Sumatera Barat. Berita Biologi, 16(3), 219-231.

Hartutiningsih. (2017). The Conservation of Native, Lowland Indonesian Begonia Species (Begoniaceae) in Bogor Botanic Gardens. Biodiversitas, 18(1), 326-333.

Hartutiningsih, Purwantoro, R. S., Praptiwi & Agusta, A. (2018). Antibacterial Potency of Simple Fractions of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Begonia Baliensis. Nusantara Bioscience, 10, 159-163.

Hendriyani, E., Warseno, T. & Undaharta, N. K. E. (2020). Pengaruh Jenis Eksplan dan Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) terhadap Induksi Kalus Begonia bimaensis Undaharta & Ardaka secara in vitro. Buletin Kebun Raya, 23(1), 82–90.

Huetteman, C. A. & Preece, J. E. (1993). Thidiazuron a Potent Cytokinin for Woody Plant-tissue Culture. Plant Cell Tissue Org. Cult, 33(2), 105- 119.

Hughes, M., Girmansyah, D. & Ardi, W. H. (2015). Further Discoveries in the Ever-expanding Genus Begonia (Begoniaceae): Fifteen New Species from Sumatra. European J. Taxon, 161, 1-40.

Hughes, M., Moonlight, P., Jara, A. & Pullan, M. (2021). “Begonia Resource Centre”. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh database, 2021. Retrieved from http://elmer.rbge.org.uk/Begonia/.

Hutami, S. & Purmaningsih, R. (2003). Perbanyakan Klonal Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga) Melalui Kultur in Vitro. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 9(1), 39-44.

Indrakumar, I., Gomathi, R. & Karpagam, S. (2014). Antimicrobial and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Begonia dipetala Graham. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res, 27(2), 382-386.

Ismaini, L., Surya, M. I. & Destri. (2017). In Vitro Plant Regeneration from Hypocotyl of Arben (Rubus fraxinifolius Poir.). Australian Journal of Crop Science, 11(04), 474-478.

Kaviani, B., Hashemabadi, D., Khodabakhsh, H., Onsinejad, R., Ansari, M. H. & Haghighat, N. (2015). Micropropagation of Begonia rex Putz. by 6-Benzylaladenine and α-naphthalene Acetic Acid. International Journal of Bioscience, 6(5), 8-15.

Khawar, K. M., Sancak, C., Uranbey, S. & Özcan, S. (2004). Effect of Thidiazuron on Shoot Regeneration from Different Explants of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Via Organogenesis. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28(4), 421–426.

Kumari, A., Baskaran, P. & van Staden, J. (2017). In Vitro Regeneration of Begonia homonyma - A Threatened plant. South African Journal of Botany, 109, 174-177.

Kumaria, S., Kehie, M., Bhowmik, S. S. D., Singh, M. & Tandon, P. (2012). In Vitro Regeneration of Begonia rubronevia var. meisneri CB. – A Rare and Endemic Ornamental Plant of Meghalaya, India. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 300-303.

Lai, I.L., Lin, C.W., Chen, T. W. & Hu, W. H. (2018). Micropropagation Shortens the Time to Blooming of Begonia montaniformis x Begonia ningmigensis var. bella F1 Progeny. HortScience 53(12): 1855-1861.

Lin, C. W., Thomas, D. C., Ardi, W. H. & Peng, C. I. (2017). Begonia ignita (sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a New Species with Orange Flowers from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 69(1), 89-95.

Lu, M. C. (2005). Micropropagation of Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc., a Medicinal Herb, Through High-frequency Shoot Tip Culture. Scie. Hort, 107, 64-69.

Manuela, M. & Carmen, N. (2013). Study on the Vegetative Propagation of Some Begonia L. Species. University of Craiova, 28(54), 223-228.

Mendi, Y. Y., Curuk, P., Kocaman, E., Unek, C., Eldogan, S., Gencel, G. & Cetiner, S. (2009). Regeneration of Begonia Plantlets by Direct Organogenesis. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8, 1860–1863.

Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. (1962). A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio assay with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiologia plantarum, 15, 473.

Nada, S., Chennareddy, S. & Goldman, S. (2011). Direct Shoot Bud Differentiation and Plantlet Regeneration from Leaf and Petiole Explants of Begonia tuberhybrida. Hortscience 46(5), 759-764.

Ningsih, M. K. & Warsidi. (2013). Aplikasi Hormon Tumbuh pada Perbanyakan Tanaman Begonia Melalui Setek Daun dan Setek Irisan Daun. Tekno Hutan Tanaman, 6(1), 39-45.

Pierik, R. L. M. (l987). In Vitro Culture of Higher Plants. London: Martinus Nijhoff Publisher.

Queiroz, C., Lopes, M. L., Fialho, E. & Valente-Mesquita, V. L. (2008). Polyphenol Oxidase: Characteristics and Mechanisms of Browning Control. Food Review International, 24, 361-375.

Reddy, D. R. D., Suvarna, D. & Rao, D. M. (2014). Effects of 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (6-BAP) on in Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Grand Naine (Musa sp.). Int. J. advanced Biotech. & research, 5(1), 36-42.

Rosilah, A. A., Kandasamy, K. I., Faridah, Q. Z., & Namasivayam, P. (2014). Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Endemic Begonia pavonina. Journal of Biology and Earth Science, 4(2), 113-119.

Saad, A. I. M. & Elshahed, A. M. (2012). Plant Tissue Culture Media. Intech. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/40181.

Sara, K., Yousef, G., Ghorbanali, N., Roghayeh, A., Behzad, S. K. & Mohammad, Y. (2012). Effect of Explants type and Growth Regulators on in Vitro Micropropagation of Begonia rex. International Research Journal of Applied Basic Science, 3(4), 896-901.

Sari, D. I., Suwirmen & Nasir, N. (2015). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Thidiazuron (TDZ) dan Arang Aktif pada Subkultur Tunas Pisang Kepok Hijau (Musa paradisiaca L.). Jurnal of Natural Science, 4(3), 280-289.

Sculze, J. (2007). Improvements in Cereal Tissue Culture by Thidiazuron: A Review. Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology, 1(2), 64-79.

Tiwari, V., Tiwari, K. N. & Singh, B. D. (2000). Comparative Studies of Cytokinins on in Vitro Propagation of Bacopa monniera. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 17, 435-459.

Tores, K. C. (1989). Tissue Culture Techniques for Holticultural Crops. New York: Chapman and Hall.

Undaharta, N. K. E. & Ardi, W. H. (2016). Studies on Begonia (Begoniaceae) of the Moluccas III: A New Begonia from Seram, Indonesia. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 68(2), 279–285.

Warseno, T., Undaharta, N. K. E. & Hendriyani, E. (2018). Multiplikasi Tunas Begonia salaziensis Warb. sebagai Upaya Konservasi Tumbuhan Terancam Punah Secara in Vitro. Buletin Kebun Raya, 21(2), 99-108.

Wati, T., Astarini, I. A., Pharmawati, M. & Hendriyani, E. (2020). Perbanyakan Begonia bimaensis Undaharta & Ardaka dengan Teknik Kultur Jaringan. Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(1), 112-122.

Zaer, J. B. & Mapes, M. O. (1982). Action of Growth Regeneration. In Tissue Culture in Forestry. London: Martinus Nijhoff.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13769

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Biodjati



Indexing By :

      

      

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

View My Stats