PENGARUH MADRASAH KUFAH DALAM KITAB NAHWU YANG DIAJARKAN DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/hijai.v4i1.12741Keywords:
The school of Kufah, Nahwu Studies, Al-JurumiyahAbstract
تناقش هذه الدراسة مدرسة الكوÙØ© التي كان لها تأثير كبير على تطور اللغة ØŒ خاصة ÙÙŠ استخدام المصطلØات ÙÙŠ كتاب النØÙˆ. استخدمت هذه الدراسة منهج الدراسة الأدبية والمنهج النوعي لمعرÙØ© تأثير مدرسة الكوÙØ© على الكتاب الذي يستخدمه الطلاب الإندونيسيون لتعلم اللغة العربية وهو كتاب الجرمية. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن ابن عجورم مؤل٠الكتاب من أتباع مدرسة الكوÙØ© ØŒ ويدل على ذلك العديد من المصطلØات المستخدمة ÙÙŠ مدرسة الكوÙØ© والتي تستخدم أيضا ÙÙŠ كتاب الجرمية على النØÙˆ التالي: (1) استخدام Ù…ØµØ·Ù„Ø Ø§Ù„Ø®Ùض للإشارة إلى اعراب اسم الذي يتميز بكسره وليس جر (2) استخدام Ø§Ù„Ù…ØµØ·Ù„Ø "المÙعول الذي لم يسم Ùاعله Ù„Ù…ØµØ·Ù„Ø Ø§Ù„Ùاعل ÙÙŠ الÙعل المبني للمجهول ØŒ وليس Ù„Ù…ØµØ·Ù„Ø Ù†Ø§Ø¦Ø¨ الÙاعل. (3) استخدام Ù…ØµØ·Ù„Ø ÙƒÙŠÙ Ù…Ø§ هو جزء من الأÙعال الجوازم أو عامل الذي يمكن أن يضع Ùعل مضارع ÙÙŠ مرتبة المجزوم كما يعتقد علماء الكوÙØ©. (4) وعلامة الاسم هي إدراج الأل٠واللام كما يعتقد علماء الكوÙØ© ØŒ أما عند علماء البصرة Ùإن هذا هو Øكم الأل٠واللام. لا السيÙØ©. (6) استخدام الأسماء الخامسة وهي أبوك، أخوك، Øموك، Ùوك، ذو مال، بينما استخدم علماء البصرة الأسماء الستة بإضاÙØ© هنوك.]
This study discusses the Kufah Madrasah which has had a lot of influence on the development of Nahwu, especially on the use of terms in the Arabic grammatical book. This study used a literary study method and a qualitative approach to find out the influence of the Kufah madrasah on the book used by Indonesian students to learn Arabic, namely the al-Jurumiyah book. The results of the study show that Ibn Ajurrum, the author of the book, is a follower of the Kufa madrasah, this is indicated by the many terms used in the kufah madrasah which are also used in the al-Jurumiyah book as follows, (1) the use of the term al-khafd for i'rab isim which marked by kasroh, not the term jarr; (2) the use of the term al-maf'ul al-ladhi lam yusamma fa'iluh for the term subject in the passive verb, not the term na'ib al-fa'il; (3) the use of the term kayfama is part of al-af'al al-jawazim or of amil (particle) which can put fi'il mudari 'into the majzum position, as believed by kufah scholars; (4) the sign of a noun is the inclusion of alif and lam as believed by Kufah scholars, whereas according to the scholars of Basrah, this is the rule of alif and lam (5) the use of the term an-na'at, not al-sifah; (6) the use of al-asma al-khamsah, namely abuka, akhuka, hamuka, fuka, dhu mal, while Basrah scholars used al-asma al-siita by adding hanuka.
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