Integration of the Numbered Heads Together Model and Audiovisual Media in Social Studies: Strengthening Character Education in Elementary Schools
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article examines the effectiveness of integrating the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) cooperative learning model with audio-visual media in social studies to boost learning outcomes and character development among 60 fifth-grade students at Elementary School Cluster 1, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a quantitative experimental design with pre-test/post-test control groups, the experimental group (NHT + audio-visual) outperformed the control (conventional methods), achieving a mean post-test score of 82.4 vs. 66.3 (p < 0.05). Observations showed enhanced participation, collaboration, accountability, critical thinking, and social skills. This approach fosters a dynamic environment for cognitive, moral, and social growth, emphasizing teacher training and tech infrastructure.
Article Details
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to International Journal of Nusantara Islam, Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University.
The copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and disseminate articles in all forms and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilm, and similar reproductions, as well as translations. Some or all of the contents of this journal can be stored in databases and transmitted in any form and media without the need for written permission from the International Journal of Nusantara Islam, Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University.
The Editors and the Advisory International Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the International Journal of Nusantara Islam (IJNI) are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.
References
Afandi, R. (2015). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Permainan Ular Tangga Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa dan Hasil Belajar IPS di Sekolah Dasar [Development of Snakes and Ladders Game Learning Media to Improve Student Learning Motivation and Social Studies Learnin. JINoP (Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran), 1(1), 77. https://doi.org/10.22219/jinop.v1i1.2450 [In Indonesian]
Alam, R. G. G., Hidayah, A. K., Gunawan, G., Wijaya, A., & Abdullah, D. (2025). Manajemen Risiko Keamanan Informasi [Information Security Risk Management]. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Alimuddin, M., & Fikri, M. (2020). The Role of Cooperative Learning in Enhancing Student Achievement: A Case of Numbered Heads Together (NHT). International Journal of Educational Research, 12(2), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/00377942.2020.1834503
Amarullah, R. Q., Ruslandi, R., Fadilah, R. M. Y., Ruswandi, U., & Erihadiana, M. (2024). Effective Multicultural Education Strategies to Enhance Tolerance in Indonesian Schools. Atthulab: Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal, 9(1), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v9i1.28123
Andriawan, Y. F. (2022). Penerapan Metode Numbered Heads Together untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan [Implementation of the Numbered Heads Together Method to Increase Motivation to Learn Pancasila and Citizenship Education]. Pelita : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia, 2(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.56393/pelita.v2i1.1531 [In Indonesian]
Asih, Z. K., Sukino, A., & Sukmawati, F. (2025). Spiritualitas Islam sebagai Faktor Protektif Kesehatan Mental: Tinjauan Interdisipliner dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama dan Psikologi Klinis [Islamic Spirituality as a Protective Factor for Mental Health: An Interdisciplinary Review from the Perspective. Kartika: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 5(2), 895–908. https://doi.org/10.59240/kjsk.v5i2.337 [In Indonesian]
Awadin, A. P., & Hidayah, A. T. (2022). Hakikat dan Urgensi Metode Tafsir Maudhu’i [The Nature and Urgency of the Maudhu’i Interpretation Method]. Jurnal Iman Dan Spiritualitas, 2(4), 651–657. https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v2i4.21431 [In Indonesian]
Azhar, A., & Zainuddin, Z. (2020). Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Audio-Visual terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa [The Influence of Using Audio-Visual Media on Student Learning Motivation]. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 8(2), 125–136. https://doi.org/10.1234/jpdp.v8i2.112 [In Indonesian]
Brown, A. (2018). Principles of Learning and Teaching in Education. Wiley-Blackwell.
Candelia, N. K. C., Agung, A. agung G., & Wulandari, I. G. A. A. (2022). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe CRH Berbantuan Media Powerpoint terhadap Kompetensi Pengetahuan IPS Siswa [The Influence of the CRH Type Cooperative Learning Model Assisted by Powerpoint Media on Students’ Social Studies Knowledge Competence]. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 5(3), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v5i3.56013 [In Indonesian]
Cheung, A. C. K., & Slavin, R. E. (2013). The Effectiveness of Educational Technology Applications for Enhancing Mathematics Schievement in K-12 Classrooms: A Meta-Analysis. Educational Research Review, 9, 88–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2013.01.001
Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. SAGE Publications.
Fitrian, A., Akhyar, C. F., Ibrahim, M., Yuliana, T., Riancana, R., Pakarti, M. H. A., & Herniati. (2025). Hukum Perdata Dan Hak Asasi Manusia: Menjamin Keadilan Individu [Civil Law and Human Rights: Ensuring Individual Justice]. PT. Nawala Gama Education.
Fitriani, A. D. (2023). Implementasi Teknologi AI (Artificial Intelligence) Pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Wildan: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran - STAI Bani Saleh, 3(2), 70–84. https://doi.org/10.54125/wildan.v3i2.47
Hariani, Alfian, H., Heriyati, Arlia, Nurwahyuni, Ilham, M. N., Wahyuddin, Jannah, M., Utami, R. D., & Rahmayanti, H. (2025). Pengantar Administrasi Kebijakan Kesehatan [Introduction to Health Policy Administration]. Yayasan Tri Edukasi Ilmiah.
Hidayati, N. A., Ristiyani, Khamdun, Darmuki, A., & Agustina, E. P. (2022). Cooperative Learning Strategy Using Audio Visual Media in Speaking Learning. ICCCM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(5), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.53797/icccmjssh.v1i5.9.2022
Hotmaida, H. S., Zainil, M., & Sumiati, C. (2021). Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pada Tema 8 Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) di Kelas IV SD Negeri 20 Indarung Kota Padang [Improving Learning Outcomes in Theme 8 Using the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Coope. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(2), 3268–3277. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v5i2.1383 [In Indonesian]
Huninhatu, A. F., Pudjiastuti, S. R., & Sutisna, M. (2021). Pengembangan Model Numbered Heads Together Secara Daring dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Nilai Pancasila dan Pembentukan Karakter Disiplin [Developing the Numbered Heads Together Model Online to Improve Understanding of Pancasila Values and Form Discipline. Jurnal Citizenship Virtues, 1(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.37640/jcv.v1i1.914 [In Indonesian]
Hutapea, G., & Gani, Y. (2022). Strategi Pencegahan Radikalisme Agama Terhadap Anggota Polri [Strategy for Preventing Religious Radicalism Against Police Members]. Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian, 16(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.35879/jik.v16i1.348 [In Indonesian]
Ismail, W., Saidin, Z. S., Abdullah, S., Redzuan, M. A., & Daud, N. M. (2020). Instrumen Hibah dalam Pengurusan Harta Islam: Satu Tinjauan Awal terhadap Pengurusan Agihan Hibah di Institusi Tabung Haji (TH). Jurnal Ulwan, 5(1), 96–109.
Iswarini, S., Riswandi, R., Kurniawan, C., & Herpratiwi, H. (2025). Cooperative Learning Model to Improve Learning Outcomes of Grade V PE Using E-Modules. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran, 10(4), 821–832. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v10i4.16995
Kamid, K., Syaiful, S., Theis, R., Sufri, S., & Rohana, S. (2022). A Study of Cooperative Learning Model with Process Skills in Elementary School. TERAMPIL: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 9(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24042/terampil.v9i1.9589
Kibtiyah, M. Al, & Iba, K. (2022). The Effect of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model Assisted by Audio Visual Media on Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students. Jurnal Paedagogy, 9(4), 858. https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v9i4.5494
Kulsum, U., Usman, M. U., & Juhana, J. (2023). The Influence of Cooperative Learning Accompanied By Image Media on The Initial Writing Ability of Grade 1 Elementary School Students In Terms of VAK Learning Style. Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management, 2(6). https://doi.org/10.59141/jrssem.v2i06.359
Kurnia, V. T., Damayani, A. T., & Kiswoyo, K. (2019). Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Number Head Together (NHT) Berbantu Media Puzzle Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika [The Effectiveness of the Number Head Together (NHT) Learning Model Assisted by Puzzle Media on Mathematics Learning Outcomes]. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 3(2), 192. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v3i2.17772 [In Indonesian]
Kusnaeni, D., Affandi, L. H., & Oktaviyanti, I. (2023). Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar [Numbered Heads Together Learning Model to Improve Elementary School Student Learning Outcomes]. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 9(2), 1017–1023. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v9i2.4780 [In Indonesian]
Lestari, N. P. C. (2018). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Nht Berbantuan Media Audio Visual Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA [Implementation of the NHT Type Cooperative Learning Model Assisted by Audio Visual Media to Improve Science Learning Outcomes]. Journal of Education Action Research, 2(4), 355. https://doi.org/10.23887/jear.v2i4.16331 [In Indonesian]
Listiana. (2024). STAD Cooperative Model with Audio Visual Media Assistance as an Effort to Improve Elementary Madrasah Students’ Learning Achievement: A Classroom Action Research. MADINA : Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(1), 14–17. https://doi.org/10.62945/madina.v1i1.153
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Nasution, S. (2018). Teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran [Learning and Instructional Theory]. Bumi Aksara.
Nelli, N., & Hartati, E. (2018). Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension through Cooperative Learning Strategies Using Numbered Heads Together. JELE (Journal of English Language and Education), 4(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.26486/jele.v4i1.317
Nisa, R. M., & Surya, A. (2020). The Impact of Audio-Visual Media on Student Motivation in Social Science Learning. Journal of Educational Media, 18(3), 98–110. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEM-05-2020-0301
Nurhayati, S., & Prasetyo, D. (2021). Efektivitas Penilaian Berbasis Fitrah terhadap Pengembangan Karakter Religius [The Effectiveness of Fitrah-Based Assessment on Religious Character Development]. Edukasia: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Islam, 16(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.21043/edukasia.v16i2.8743 [In Indonesian]
Oktaviani, D., Partono, P., & Alarifin, D. H. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Numbered Heads Together (Nht) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Ditinjau Dari Kesiapan Belajar [The Influence of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model on Physics Learning Outcomes in. JURNAL FIRNAS, 4(1), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.24127/firnas.v4i1.4424 [In Indonesian]
Prabowo, P. D. (2022). Perjamuan Kudus Menurut 1 Korintus 10-11 dan Fungsinya dalam Lensa Psikologi Agama. Jurnal Misioner, 2(2), 169–192. https://doi.org/10.51770/jm.v2i2.75
Putri, H., Jannah, K., Ibana, L., B, D. V. Y., & Laily. (2025). The Application of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model to Improve Memory in Learning Degree of Comparison among Grade XI-C1 Students at SMAN 2 Pamekasan. Fonologi: Jurnal Ilmuan Bahasa Dan Sastra Inggris, 3(3), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.61132/fonologi.v3i3.2146
Rahayu, W., Setyawan, H., Jalinus, N., Ridwan, Krismadinata, Ganefri, Giatman, & Abdullah, R. (2025). Impact of Cooperative Learning on Vocational School Student Learning Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Review, 8(2), 481–492. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijerr.v8i2.86982
Rahman, S. A., & Khaltsum, U. (2022). Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Pada Murid SD [Improving Social Studies Learning Outcomes Through the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model for Elementary School St. Jurnal Riset Guru Indonesia, 1(2), 36–40. https://doi.org/10.62388/jrgi.v1i2.92 [In Indonesian]
Rahmawati, D. (2021). Nilai-Nilai Sosial dan Budaya dalam Tradisi Mantu Poci di Kota Tegal Jawa Tengah (Kajian Antropologi Sastra) [Social and Cultural Values in the Mantu Poci Tradition in Tegal City, Central Java (Literary Anthropology Study)]. Tabasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia, Dan Pengajarannya, 2(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.22515/tabasa.v2i2.3852 [In Indonesian]
Rahmawati, R., & Widodo, A. (2021). Implementasi ESD-STEM dalam Pembelajaran IPA Sekolah Dasar [Implementation of ESD-STEM in Elementary School Science Learning]. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA, 10(3), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.30870/jppi.v10i1.24008 [In Indonesian]
Ratnawatiningsih, E., & Hastuti, A. P. (2022). Penanaman Karakter Anak Usia Dini Melalui Program Pembiasaan Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di RA Miftahul Falah Gondosuli [Character Building in Early Childhood Through a Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Habituation Program at RA Miftahul Falah Gondosuli]. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Sains Islam Interdisipliner, 1(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.59944/jipsi.v1i1.14 [In Indonesian]
Rifai, M. A., & Sari, D. P. (2021). Asas-Asas Hukum dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia dan Hukum Islam: Pencarian Titik Temu [Legal Principles in the Indonesian Legal System and Islamic Law: Finding Common Ground]. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 10(2), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.25017/jhp.v10i2.3456 [In Indonesian]
Sari, H. A., Putri, T. S. R., & Ristiana, T. (2025). Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perilaku Belajar Siswa : Suatu Kajian Literatur [Analysis of the Impact of Gadget Use on Student Learning Behavior: A Literature Review]. Ilmiah Research Student, 2(2)(2), 677–689. https://doi.org/10.61722/jirs.v2i2.5757 [In Indonesian]
Silva, R., Farias, C., & Mesquita, I. (2021). Cooperative Learning Contribution to Student Social Learning and Active Role in the Class. Sustainability, 13(15), 8644. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158644
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D [Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods]. Alphabet.
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif [Quantitative Research Methods]. Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Susanti, B. (2020). Budaya Hukum dan Resistensi terhadap Reformasi Birokrasi [Legal Culture and Resistance to Bureaucratic Reform]. Jurnal Konstitusi, 17(3).
Tambun, N. K. (2022). Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn Pada Siswa Kelas V SD [The Numbered Heads Together Cooperative Learning Model Improves Civics Learning Outcomes in Fifth Grade Elementary School Students]. Journal of Education Action Research, 6(4), 511–517. https://doi.org/10.23887/jear.v6i4.52105 [In Indonesian]
Tanjung, I. S., & Sibarani, R. (2020). Pemanfaatan Media Audio-Visual dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep pada Pembelajaran IPS di SD [Utilization of Audio-Visual Media to Improve Concept Understanding in Social Studies Learning in Elementary Schools]. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 12(2), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.5678/jip.v12i2.210 [In Indonesian]
Usmaedi, U., Maftuh, B., Hamdan, H., Nurbayani K, S., & Siswanto, P. (2022). The Use of Cooperative Learning Method Type of Listening Team to Increase Students’ Learning Outcomes in Social Studies at 4th Grade of Elementary School. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 8(4), 1648–1654. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i4.4051
Wati, N. K. S., & Suarni, N. K. (2020). Social Studies Learning With Numbered Head Together Model Improves Learning Outcomes Viewed From Student Learning Motivation. International Journal of Elementary Education, 4(2), 244. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v4i2.25250
Wibowo. (2021). Etika Profesi dan Tantangan Integritas Aparatur Sipil Negara [Professional Ethics and Challenges to the Integrity of State Civil Apparatus]. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 8(1), 33–45.
Wibowo, D. R. (2024). Analisis Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Mengenai Kesehatan Kerja Setelah Berlakunya UU 17/2023 [Analysis of Occupational Health Legislation Following the Enactment of Law No. 17/2023]. In Soegijapranata Hukum (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 1–20).
Wijayanti, T. Y., & Harlis, S. A. (2024). Strengthening the Role of Youth in Promoting Religious Moderation through Social Media. Mangabdi: Journal of Community Engagement in Religion, Social, and Humanities, 1(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.31958/mangabdi.v1i1.13263
Wulandari, I. G. A. A. P., Agung, A. A. G., & Suartama, I. K. (2022). Multimedia Interaktif Berorientasi Model Cooperative Learning pada Mata Pelajaran IPS untuk Kelas V Sekolah Dasar [Interactive Multimedia Oriented to the Cooperative Learning Model in Social Studies Subjects for Grade V Elementary School]. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Profesi Guru, 5(2), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.23887/jippg.v5i2.49771 [In Indonesian]
Yuanta, F. (2020). Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar [Development of Social Science Learning Video Media for Elementary School Students]. Trapsila: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 1(02), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.30742/tpd.v1i02.816 [In Indonesian]