Analisis pertumbuhan dan hasil varietas bawang merah dengan pupuk hayati di luar musim tanam


Hasna Marhama(1*), Eddy Triharyanto(2), Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti(3)

(1) Program Studi Magister Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(3) Jurusan Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The phenomenon of climate change has an impact on agricultural sector, including the cultivation of shallots. To meet the needs of the community, an approach is taken through the application of biofertilizers and the use of shallot varieties that are resistant to off-season cultivation. The research aimed to determine the optimal concentration of biofertilizer and the resilient shallot varieties for the off-season cultivation. This research was conducted in February–May 2023 in Ngringo Village, Jaten District, Karanganyar, Central Java, with an altitude of 189 masl. This study used a Split Plot Design method. Shallot Variety was the main plot, namely: Bima Brebes, Maja Cipanas, and Bali Karet. Biofertilizer concentration was the subplots, i.e : 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 ml l-1 per plot, resulting in 15 treatment combinations with three replications. Observation parameters included leaf area index, net assimilation rate, plant growth rate, bulb diameter, and bulb fresh weight. The results indicated that biofertilizers did not affect the growth of shallots. Regarding yield quality, a concentration of 12 ml l-1 per plot could increase bulb diameter and bulb fresh weight. The Bali Karet variety generated better bulb diameter and bulb fresh weight, and it is capable of adapting when planted off-season.

ABSTRAK

Fenomena perubahan iklim berpengaruh pada sektor pertanian, termasuk budidaya bawang merah. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, dilakukan pendekatan dengan pemberian pupuk hayati dan penggunaan varietas bawang merah yang tahan ditanam di luar musim. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui konsentrasi optimal dari pupuk hayati dan varietas bawang merah yang tahan ditanam di luar musim. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Februari-Mei 2023 di Desa Ngringo, Kecamatan Jaten, Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah dengan ketinggian wilayah 189 mdpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design). Varietas bawang merah menjadi petak utama yaitu: Bima Brebes, Maja Cipanas, dan Bali Karet. Konsentrasi pupuk hayati sebagai anak petak, yaitu: 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 ml l-1 per petak, sehingga terdapat 15 petak kombinasi perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Parameter pengamatan meliputi indeks luas daun, laju asimilasi bersih, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, diameter umbi, dan bobot segar umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pupuk hayati tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah. Pada kualitas hasil, konsentrasi 12 ml l-1 per petak dapat meningkatkan diameter umbi dan bobot segar umbi. Varietas Bali Karet memiliki diameter umbi dan bobot segar umbi terbesar, serta mampu beradaptasi ketika ditanam di luar musim tanam.


Keywords


Bawang merah, Perubahan iklim, Pupuk hayati

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/30313

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