ISTI’ARAH DAN EFEK YANG DITIMBULKANNYA DALAM BAHASA AL-QUR’ĀN SURAH AL-BAQARAH DAN ÂLI MRÂN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/al-tsaqafa.v14i1.1802Keywords:
Isti’arah, Efek, Bahasa Al-QuranAbstract
Al-Qur’ân banyak menggunakan isti’arah (gaya bahasa metafora), walaupun sering dibaca dan ditulis tetap saja kurang dipahami. Al-Qur’ân selalu menarik untuk dikaji dan diteliti sehingga dari satu teks Al-Qur’ân menghasilkan sekian banyak interpretasi dan ilmu pengetahuan. Isti’arah dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ali ‘Imrân diteliti untuk; (1)mengetahui jenis gaya bahasa metafora yang terdapat dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ali Imrân; dan (2) untuk mengetahui efek yang ditimbulkan dari metafora (isti’ârah) dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ali ‘Imrân.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu menguraikan, menganalisis, mengkategorisasikan, dan mengklasifikasikan ayat-ayat yang mengandung metafora dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ali ‘Imrân serta efek yang ditimbulkannya, sehingga metode ini disebut pula dengan metode analisis isi (content analisis). Sedangkan pendekatan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan ilmu al-Balâghah (retorika), lebih tepatnya yaitu ilmu Bayân untuk mengungkap rahasia metafora.
Hasil penelitian jenis metafora (isti’arah) dan efek yang ditimbulkannya dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ali ‘Imrân adalah sebagai berikut: Pertama, Jenis metafora (isti’ârah) dari perspektif tharfayni-nya dalam surat al-Baqarah dan Ấli Imrân mencakup isti’ârah makniyah dan tashrihiyah; dan dari perspektifi musta’âr-nya mencakup isti’ârah taba’iyah dan ashliyah.  Kedua, Efek (tujuan) isti’ârah (metafora) dalam bahasa Al-Qur’ân adalah: (a) dalam surat al-Baqarah untuk memberikan kesan sangat (mubâlaghah) dan menampakkan yang masih samar; dan (b) dalam surat Ali Imrân untuk memberikan kesan sangat, menampakkan yang masih samar; menjelaskan yang tampak tetapi belum begitu jelas; dan menjadikan yang bukan person menjadi person/personifikasi).References
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