PLOT DAN SUDUT PANDANG DALAM BINGKAI WACANA IDEOLOGIS: ANALISIS CHRONOTOPIC TERHADAP NOVEL KORUPSI KARYA TAHAR BEN JELLOUN MELALUI KERANGKA TEORI DIALOGIS M.M. BAKHTIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/al-tsaqafa.v13i02.1985Keywords:
Plot, Sudut Pandang, Ideologi, Chronotopic, Teori DialogisAbstract
Sastra merupakan sebuah rekreasi atau penciptaan kembali keseluruhan pengalaman hidup melalui sudut pandang sang pengarang. Frasa ‘keseluruhan hidup’ dapat dimaknai sebagai apapun; kehidupan sosial, politik, budaya, ekonomi, dan bahkan objek-objek dari dunia terdalam manusia, seperti kehidupan emosi, pikiran dan perasaaan. Sebagai salah genre sastra dan merupakan bagian dari prosa fiksi naratif, novel juga berusaha untuk merekreasi keseluruhan pengalaman hidup itu; ia berusaha untuk menjadi semacam rekaman dari segala apapun yang hadir dan teralami oleh pengarang. Akan tetapi, senyatanya sebuah novel tidak pula hanya merupakan sebuah rekaman belaka, ia hadir di tengah-tengah kehidupan manusia sebagai potret yang jujur dalam hubungannya dengan prinsip-prinsip kemanusiaan: kebebasan dan keadilan (amr ma’ruf) dan kritik sosial, budaya, politik dan ideologi (nahy munkar). Tulisan ini mencoba masuk pada tataran ideologis dari potret kemanusiaan tersebut yang terepresentasikan dengan baik dalam novel Korupsi karya Tahar Ben Jelloun. Melalui fakta tekstual plot dan sudut pandang dalam bingkai chronotopic (satuan ruang dan waktu), tulisan ini diharapkan bisa membuktikan bahwa struktur teks akan selalu berhubungan dengan konteks, di mana sumber pengalaman ditransformasikan ke dalam fakta-fakta cerita secara ideologis.
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