IDEOLOGI (DAN) ESTETIKA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA: SAKSI MATA DALAM RUANG PERJUMPAAN IDEOLOGIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/al-tsaqafa.v15i2.3825Keywords:
Struktur Ideologi, Estetika, Terry EagletonAbstract
Tulisan ini mencoba menguraikan struktur ideologi Seno Gumira Adjidarma dalam Saksi Mata pada masa otoriter Orde Baru. Pisau analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kritik sastra materialisme Terry Eagleton yang mengasumsikan bahwa teks sastra tidak bertindak pasif, tetapi bertindak aktif menentukan proses produksi dan struktur ideologi yang melingkupinya. Dengan demikian, kritik sastra Eagleton melihat karya sastra dari aspek eksternal dan juga aspek internalnya. Berangkat dari hal itu, bagaimana Saksi Mata menawarkan bentuk kritik yang, tentu ideologis, dihadirkan guna mengguncang kekuasaan absolut Orde Baru? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, struktur ideologi dalam cerpen Saksi Mata meliputi prkatik material eksternal dan internal teks. Aspek eksternal teks merupakan hasil artikulasi dominasi Orde Baru. Untuk itu, Saksi Mata juga tidak luput dari pengaruh mobilisasi Soeharto, akan tetapi Seno dengan Saksi Mata mampu melawan kebijakan tersebut. Kedua, konstruksi internal teks yang sebetulnya ruang perjumpaan dan negosiasi ideologi-ideologi yang ada, Saksi Mata berupaya menunjukkan kengerian totaliter Orde Baru. Akan tetapi, tentu dalam ruang politik yang represif, kritik dalam semangat kemanusiaan, keadilan dan kebebasan berpendapat ditransfor-masi dan dibungkus dalam cerpen Saksi Mata dengan bangunan satire dan khas komedi, sekaligus mengungkapkan kengeriannya.
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