Ekokritik (Ecocriticism) Dalam Perkembangan Kajian Sastra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/al-tsaqafa.v17i1.6032Keywords:
Ecocritism, Kajian Interdisiplin, Pendekatan Mimetik, Sastra HijauAbstract
Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan perkembangkan kajian ekologi sastra (ecocriticism), yang tampak sebagai gejala baru dalam kajian sastra di Indonesia. Ekologi sastra memfokuskan perhatian pada hubungan antara sastra dan alam (lingkungan) hidup sebagai representasi dari suatu karya sastra itu lahir. Ecocriticism terfokus pada ‘green’ moral dan political agenda, yang berorientasi pada pelestarian lingkungan hidup, di mana seorang pengarang berada untuk melahirkan inspirasinya. Dalam perspektif pendekatan sastra, ecocritism berakar pada pendekatan mimetik yang memiliki asumsi dasar bahwa kesusastraan merupakan cerminan dari realita kehidupan yang ada, dengan merujuk pada paradigma imitasi Plato, yang selanjutnya dikembangkan oleh M.H. Abrams dengan teori universal. Dalam perkembangannya, sifat kajian interdisipliner studi ekologi sastra dapat memanfaatkan disiplin ilmu, seperti ekofeminisme, ekoimperalisme, ekologi politik, ekologi budaya, dan ekobiologi. Oleh karena itu, studi ekologi sastra di Indonesia perlu dikaji secara lebih intensif dan terus mulai digalakkan, sehingga dapat menumbuhkan minat kajian sastra interdisipliner atas karya-karya sastra bercorak ekologi atau biasa disebut sebagai sastra hijau.References
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