Religious Fundamentalism and State Politics in the Modern Era: A Critical Analysis of Jeffrey Haynes’s Thought
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i4.56122Keywords:
fundamentalism, politics, modernityAbstract
The rise of religious fundamentalism in various countries is a phenomenon that can be understood as a response to the development of modernity, particularly secularization and liberalization. In its development, fundamentalist movements are not only related to religious issues but also interact with the social and political dynamics of the state. Their presence in the public sphere can give rise to tension, conflict, and debate regarding the position and role of religion in state life. This article aims to analyze Jeffrey Haynes's thoughts on religious fundamentalism and state politics, as discussed in his work Religion and Politics. This research uses a qualitative approach with library research methods through conceptual-descriptive analysis. The study focuses on the dynamics of the relationship between religious fundamentalism and state politics and the factors that drive the emergence of fundamentalist movements in various countries. The results show that the relationship between religion and politics is dynamic, complex, and reciprocal. Religion can influence political orientation, the formation of public policy, the legitimacy of power, and the mobilization of collective identity. Conversely, state policies and political structures can also influence the development of religious movements. According to Jeffrey Haynes, the rise of fundamentalism is influenced by three main factors: the failure of modernity to meet social needs and the meaning of life, the political marginalization of religious groups, and globalization, which reinforces the issue of religious identity. Thus, secularization and liberalization do not completely eliminate religion, but can encourage the emergence of new forms of religious involvement in the public and political sphere.
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