Implementation of Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 in Addressing the Practice of Extortion in Detention Centers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i3.56013Keywords:
civil servant discipline, extortionist, law enforcementAbstract
This study examines the implementation of Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 concerning Civil Servant Discipline as a measure to combat the practice of illicit levies (*pungli*) in detention centers. The phenomenon of illicit levies within the correctional system reveals a gap between legal norms and actual practice, characterized by weak internal oversight, inconsistent sanctioning, and a culture among Civil Servants (ASN) that tolerates such practices. The study employs a normative-juridical approach supported by empirical data. The analysis utilizes the concept of the rule of law and Friedman’s theory of law enforcement, which emphasizes the importance of legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture. The findings indicate that weaknesses in these three aspects are the primary factors fueling the prevalence of illicit levies. Proposed recommendations include strengthening information technology-based internal and external oversight, enforcing strict and consistent disciplinary sanctions, fostering Civil Servant integrity through anti-corruption education, and enhancing public participation in oversight. Implementing these recommendations is expected to minimize illicit levy practices, thereby better upholding Civil Servant integrity and rule-of-law principles within the correctional system.
References
Ali, Z. (2016). Metode Penelitian Hukum [Legal Research Methods]. Sinar Grafika.
Asshiddiqie, J. (2017). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara [Introduction to Constitutional Law]. Rajawali Pers.
BPHN, B. P. H. N. (2023). BPHN dan Ditjen Pemasyarakatan Edukasi Penyuluh Hukum Mengenai Hak Narapidana [The National Penitentiary Agency (BPHN) and the Directorate General of Corrections Educate Legal Counselors on Prisoners’ Rights]. https://bphn.go.id
Dwiyanto, A. (2018). Reformasi Birokrasi Publik di Indonesia [Public Bureaucratic Reform in Indonesia]. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Friedman, L. M. (2016). The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. Russell Sage Foundation.
Hadjon, P. M. (2017). Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi tentang Prinsip-Prinsipnya, Penanganannya oleh Pengadilan dalam Lingkungan Peradilan Umum dan Pembentukan Peradilan Administrasi Negara [Legal Protection for the People in Indonesia: A Study of Its. Bina Ilmu.
Hiariej, E. O. S. (2020). Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana [Principles of Criminal Law]. Cahaya Atma Pustaka.
Ibrahim, J. (2018). Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif [Normative Legal Research Theory and Methodology]. Bayumedia.
Klitgaard, R. (2015). Corrupt Cities: A Practical Guide to Cure and Prevention. ICS Press.
Manan, B. (2019). Teori dan Politik Konstitusi [Constitutional Theory and Politics]. FH UII Press.
Marzuki, P. M. (2017). Penelitian Hukum [Legal Research]. Kencana.
Muchsan. (2019). Sistem Pengawasan terhadap Perbuatan Aparat Pemerintah dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia [Supervision System for the Actions of Government Officials and State Administrative Courts in Indonesia]. Liberty.
Ombudsman. (2021). Laporan Tahunan Ombudsman 2020: Potret Maladministrasi di Indonesia [Ombudsman Annual Report 2020: A Portrait of Maladministration in Indonesia]. Ombudsman RI.
Ombudsman, & KPK, K. P. K. (2022). Laporan Tahunan 2021 [2021 Annual Report]. ORI.
PANRB, K. (2019). Disiplin ASN sebagai Pilar Reformasi Birokrasi [Civil Servant Discipline as a Pillar of Bureaucratic Reform]. KemenPANRB.
Pramusinto, A. (2021). Reformasi Birokrasi dan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Digital [Bureaucratic Reform and Digital Governance]. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Rahardjo, S. (2017). Hukum dan Perilaku: Hidup Baik adalah Dasar Hukum yang Baik [Law and Behavior: Good Living is the Basis for Good Law]. Kompas.
Rasjidi, L. (2020). Korupsi dan Dampaknya terhadap Sistem Pemerintahan [Corruption and its Impact on the Government System]. Jurnal Hukum Dan Pembangunan, 50(3).
Siagian, S. P. (2018). Manajemen Publik: Konsep, Teori, dan Praktik [Public Management: Concepts, Theories, and Practices]. Bumi Aksara.
Sinambela, L. P. (2019). Reformasi Birokrasi, Akuntabilitas, dan Kinerja Aparatur [Bureaucratic Reform, Accountability, and Apparatus Performance]. Bumi Aksara.
Soekanto, S. (2019). Pengantar Penelitian Hukum [Introduction to Legal Research]. UI Press.
Sunggono, B. (2015). Metodologi Penelitian Hukum [Legal Research Methodology]. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Susanti, B. (2020). Budaya Hukum dan Resistensi terhadap Reformasi Birokrasi [Legal Culture and Resistance to Bureaucratic Reform]. Jurnal Konstitusi, 17(3).
Wibowo. (2021). Etika Profesi dan Tantangan Integritas Aparatur Sipil Negara [Professional Ethics and Challenges to the Integrity of State Civil Apparatus]. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 8(1), 33–45.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Agung Novarianto, Ahmad Ma’mun Fikri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).