Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah Review of Government Policy on the Free Nutritional Meal Program (MBG): A Comparative Study in Uṣūl al-Fiqh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i3.55940Kata Kunci:
comparative Usul Fiqh, Free Nutritious Meals, government policy, maqasid shari'ahAbstrak
This study examines the alignment of Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) policy with the principles of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah through a normative juridical and comparative uṣūl al-fiqh approach. Focusing on hifẓ al-nafs and hifẓ al-māl, it finds that although MBG supports the preservation of life, its technocratic implementation has yet to embody maqāṣid values comprehensively, particularly regarding distributive justice, prioritization of benefits across ḍarūriyyāt, ḥājiyyāt, and taḥsīniyyāt, and long-term social welfare. The study highlights gaps such as unequal distribution, budget constraints, and weak monitoring, and argues for more adaptive, welfare-oriented policy formulation that integrates both classical emphases on basic needs and contemporary concerns for structural justice and sustainable welfare.
Referensi
’Abidin, I. (2000). Radd al-Muhtar ’ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar. Dar al-Fikr.
’Illish, M. (1990). Minah al-Jalil ’ala Mukhtashar Khalil. Dar al-Fikr.
Abdurrahman, Z. (2020). Teori Maqasid Al-Syatibi Dan Kaitannya Dengan Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia Menurut Abraham Maslow [The Theory of Maqasid Al-Syatibi and Its Relation to Basic Human Needs According to Abraham Maslow]. Jurnal Ushuluddin: Media Dialog Pemikiran Islam, 22(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.24252/jumdpi.v22i1.15534 [In Indonesian]
Addzaky, K. U., Taufiqurohman, & Asy’ari, M. (2025). Deconstruction of Hifdzun Nasl in Maqasid Syari’ah: Analysis of the Childfree Phenomenon from the Perspective of Islamic Family Law. IN RIGHT: Jurnal Agama Dan Hak Azazi Manusia, 14(1), 111–133. https://doi.org/10.14421/inright.v14i1.4164
al-Nawawi, M. (2005). Al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhadzdzab. Maktabah al-Irsyad.
al-Zuhayli, W. (2009). Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu. Dar al-Fikr.
Alias, M. N., Abdullah, M. N., Kamis, M. S., Afandi, A. J., & Alias, N. (2024). Scientific Approach as the Basis for the Formation of Maqasid Al-Shariah Concept and Principles: A Comparative Study. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 12(2), 350–363. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol12no2.568
Ayuni, D. T. (2025). Dilema Pelaksanaan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis Pada Siswa [The Dilemma of Implementing the Free Nutritional Meal Program for Students]. Triwikrama: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Sosial 8, 8, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9963/mmxf6b34 [In Indonesian]
Badrulzaman, M. D. (2015). Hukum Perjanjian dan Kontrak Baku [Standard Contract and Agreement Law]. Citra Aditya Bakti.
Basuki, R. M., Muharrom, N. W., Kusuma, N. A., & Hadji, K. (2026). Implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis : Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Dan Tantangan Operasional [Implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program: Evaluation of Implementation and Operational Challenges]. Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum, 4(1), 1413–23. https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v4i1.3208 [In Indonesian]
Dahri, M. A., Rahman, A. F., Putra, F., & Kurniati. (2026). Rekonstruksi Maqasid Syariah: Relevansi dan Implementasinya dalam Konteks Hukum Islam Kontemporer [Reconstruction of Maqasid Syariah: Its Relevance and Implementation in the Context of Contemporary Islamic Law]. Amandemen: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Politik Dan Hukum Indonesia, 3(1), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.62383/amandemen.v3i1.1492 [In Indonesian]
Fadilah, D. (2025). Peran Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Menjaga Stabilitas Ekonomi: Tinjauan Maqasid Syariah Tentang Hifzh Al-Mal [The Role of Indonesian Government Policy in Maintaining Economic Stability: Maqasid Syariah Overview of Hifzh Al-Mal]. Jurnal Global Ilmiah, 2(6), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.55324/jgi.v2i6.196 [In Indonesian]
Hadjon, P. M. (2019). Pengantar Hukum Administrasi Indonesia [Introduction to Indonesian Administrative Law]. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Hakim, M. L. (2017). Pergeseran Paradigma Maqasid Al-Syari’ah: Dari Klasik Sampai Kontemporer [The Paradigm Shift of Maqasid Al-Syari’ah: From Classical to Contemporary]. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 10(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v10i1.913 [In Indonesian]
Hasan, N. (2020). Relationship of Maqasid al-Shari’ah with Usul al-Fiqh (overview of historical, methodological and applicative aspects). Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Dan Penelitian Hukum Islam, 3(2), 231. https://doi.org/10.30659/jua.v3i2.8044
Intan, D., Fauzi, J., & Ismail. (2024). Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Tujuan Dan Prinsip Dalam Hukum Islam [Maqashid Al-Shari’ah: Goals and Principles in Islamic Law]. Jurnal Cendikia ISNU-SU, 1(3), 232–37. https://doi.org/10.70826/jcisnu.v1i3.527 [In Indonesian]
Kamali, M. H. (2003). Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. Islamic Texts Society.
Lendra, I. W., Husni, D., & Fitriani, Y. (2025). Kebijakan Makan Bergizi Gratis dan Relevansinya terhadap Nilai-nilai Good Governance: Analisis Kualitatif dalam Administrasi Publik [Free Nutritious Meal Policy and Its Relevance to Good Governance Values: A Qualitative Analysis in Public Administration]. Arus Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora, 5(1), 937–945. https://doi.org/10.57250/ajsh.v5i1.1252 [In Indonesian]
Manalu, A. E., Hummaira, N. D., Nia, A. E., Chahyani, A. T., Ambarita, H. M., Pakpahan, P. E., & Munthe, R. V. (2025). Analisis Persepsi Mahasiswa PPKn UNIMED Tentang Asas Kemaslahatan Pada Program Makan Bergizi Gratis Dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam [Analysis of the Perception of Civics Students at UNIMED Regarding the Principle of Benefit in the Free Nutritious Meal Program . Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(5), 7392–7406. https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i5.2374 [In Indonesian]
Muhyidin, A., & Syarofi, M. (2026). Relevansi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) di Indonesia dengan Prinsip Maqashid Syariah: Hifz al-Nafs [The Relevance of the Free Nutritional Meal Program (MBG) in Indonesia to the Principles of Maqashid Syariah: Hifz al-Nafs]. Journal of Innovative and Creativity (Joecy), 6(1), 5214–5220. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.7506 [In Indonesian]
Nasrudin, N., & Solehudin, E. (2022). Kontribusi Ekonomi Syari’ah Dalam Pemulihan Ekonomi Indonesia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 [The Contribution of Sharia Economics to Indonesia’s Economic Recovery During the Covid-19 Pandemic]. Asy-Syari’ah, 23(2), 317–328. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v23i2.15552 [In Indonesian]
Nuraini, I., Sutopo, H., & Albab, U. (2025). Systematic Literature Review (SLR): Program Makan Bergizi Gratis Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Pelita Bangsa, 10(02), 262–76. https://doi.org/10.37366/jespb.v10i02.2419
Pitriani, L. D., Nirmalasari, R., & Muzakki, M. (2021). Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun [The Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Cognitive Development of Children Aged 5-6 Years]. Al-Hikmah : Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Islamic Education, 5(2), 112–121. https://doi.org/10.35896/ijecie.v5i2.198 [In Indonesian]
Priyatno, P. D., Hasan, M., & Gojali, D. (2026). Ushul Fiqh sebagai Basis Epistemologis Integrasi Maqashid Syariah dan Ekonomi Keberlanjutan [Usul Fiqh as the Epistemological Basis for the Integration of Maqashid Sharia and Sustainable Economics]. Jesya, 9(1), 302–316. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v9i1.2505 [In Indonesian]
Rahmah, A., & Said, D. H. (2026). Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Terhadap Pemberdayaan UMKM Kuliner dalam Rantai Pasok Program Makan Bergizi Gratis [An Analysis of Sharia Economic Law on the Empowerment of Culinary MSMEs in the Supply Chain of the Free Nutritious Meal Program]. Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(3), 1835–1846. https://doi.org/10.56832/edu.v5i3.2489 [In Indonesian]
Ramadhani, S. A. Z., Nugraha, A. R., Millatillah, M., Rahmawati, I. W., Moch. Danish Wafiuddin, M. Z. A., & Kurniawan, T. (2026). Tinjauan Ushul Fiqh Terhadap Sumber Hukum Islam Yang Diperselisihkan [Ushul Fiqh Review of Disputed Sources of Islamic Law]. Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 3(8), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18781659 [In Indonesian]
Rofi’i, M. A., & Fata, A. K. (2025). Meeting the Challenges of Time: Exploring the Concept of Maqāşid Sharī’ah in the Thought of Jasser Auda. Al-Mizan, 21(1), 65–94. https://doi.org/10.30603/am.v21i1.4721
Saende, Z. R., Sultan, L., & Syatar, A. (2023). Ijtihad Ulama Dalam Merumuskan Metode Memahami Maqâsid Al-Syarî’ah [Ijtihad of Scholars in Formulating Methods for Understanding Maqâsid Al-Syarî’ah]. Indonesian Journal of Shariah and Justice (IJSJ, 3(1), 73–94. https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v24i01.8588 [In Indonesian]
Silaban, S. L., Elsi, S. D., & Rizal, D. (2026). Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis di Kota Jambi Menurut Teori Implementasi Kebijakan Merilee S. Grindle [Analysis of the Implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program Policy in Jambi City According to Merilee S. Grindle’s P. Demokrasi: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Hukum, Sosial Dan Politik, 3(1), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.62383/demokrasi.v3i1.1547 [In Indonesian]
Soenarjo. (2019). Al-Qur’an Dan Terjemahannya, Edisi Penyempurna [The Qur’an and Its Translation, Enhanced Edition]. Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur’an Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI.
Sugiyono. (2020). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D [Quantitative, Qualitative and R&D Research Methodology].
Zahroh, F. H. (2021). Pandangan Maqasid Al-Syari‘ah (Hukum Islam) Perspektif Al-Syatibi dan Jasser Auda [Views of Maqasid Al-Syari’ah (Islamic Law) Perspective of Al-Syatibi and Jasser Auda]. Al-I’jaz : Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an, Falsafah Dan Keislaman, 3(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.53563/ai.v3i1.46 [In Indonesian]
Zaimsyah, A. M. (2026). Etika dan Pola Konsumsi Islami dalam Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG): Pendekatan Maqasid Syariah [Ethics and Islamic Consumption Patterns in the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG): Maqasid Syariah Approach]. Jurnal BAABU AL-ILMI: Ekonomi Dan Perbankan Syariah, 11(2), 315. https://doi.org/10.29300/ba.v11i2.10742 [In Indonesian]
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Neng Yani Nurhayani, RR. Rita Erawati , Erika Rishan Adillah, Ending Solehudin, Syahrul Anwar
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).