Reconstruction of Constitutional Limits on Law Enforcement Officers' Discretion in Maintaining State Security and Civil Supremacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v6i3.57423Kata Kunci:
administrative law, constitutional accountability, law enforcement discretion, national security, proportionality testAbstrak
This study reconstructs the constitutional boundaries of law enforcement discretion in Indonesia to balance national security, civilian supremacy, and citizens' constitutional rights. Employing a normative-juridical method alongside statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Indonesian National Police, Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration, relevant court rulings, and contemporary legal doctrine. The findings reveal normative ambiguities within sectoral regulations that create accountability gaps and open opportunities for the abuse of authority. To address these weaknesses, the study proposes the "Constitutionalization of Operational Discretion"—a framework that subjects discretion to the rule of law, the General Principles of Good Governance (AAUPB), proportionality tests, judicial oversight, standardized rules of engagement, post-action digital reporting, independent supervision, state liability, and financial recovery mechanisms targeting officials who abuse their authority. This framework contributes to the development of constitutional and administrative law by establishing enforceable standards for individual operational conduct and fostering democratic, transparent, proportionate, and human rights-oriented security sector governance.
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