Islamizing Hajj Governance in a Democratic State: An Approach Based on al-Siyāsah al-Shar’iyyah, Civil Religion, and Participatory Bureaucracy

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to formulate a framework for the Islamization of Hajj policy that is able to bridge sharia authority, national legitimacy, and public participation through a theoretical synthesis between al-siyāsah al-shar‘iyyah by Ibn Taymiyyah, civil religion by Robert N. Bellah, and participatory bureaucracy by Frederick C. Mosher. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive with an amānah approach, while simultaneously transforming the Hajj into sha‘īr al-waṭan which strengthens al-huwiyyah al-waṭaniyyah, and facilitates space for the musharakah assembly which embodies al-riqābah al-ijtimā‘iyyah. The main conclusion is that the Islamization of the Hajj policy is not a form of theocracy, but an adaptive and responsible “tajdīd al-siyāsah al-islāmiyyah” towards a modern democratic order. The scientific contribution of this paper lies in the development of the Triple-Helix Governance Model (THGM), an original framework that combines three cross-civilization paradigms into a coherent and applicable “nadhrah tajnīsiyyah”. Limitations of the research include its reliance on secondary data and concentration on the Indonesian context, which has prevented it from exploring the anthropological dimension and has not been tested comparatively across countries.