Happiness and Suffering in the Perspective of Sufism (Tasawuf)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/saq.v7i1.23763Keywords:
Mental Illness, Happiness, Suffering, Sufi, and Tasawuf (Sufism).Abstract
Abstract: Suffering and happiness are common conditions that occur in human lives. Man's innate nature led humans to strive for the prior and avoid the latter; however, being understood differently brought confusion and depression to people. Here we will analyse the Sufis' various perspectives on suffering, which will lay a new perspective that can transform sufferings into happiness. By adopting the descriptive analysis method and psychological approaches to Sufism, the research shows that happiness is understood as a matter of meaning or perception, and suffering allows the deepening of self-quality. This article also offers several Quranic and Sufi practices to achieve happiness. For example, maintaining piosity, consuming healthy and halal food, enduring patience, performing invocation (dhikr), prayers (salah), holy war (jihad), and job duties, as well as forbidding what is wrong and commanding what is right in a truthful way.Â
References
Ajibah, A. M. I. (2016). ĪqÄdh al-Himam fÄ« Syarẖ al-Ḫikam. DitaẖqÄ«q oleh ‘Āsim IbrÄhim al-KayyÄli. Beirut: DÄr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Anshari, A. (2007). ManÄzil al-SÄirÄ« n. DitaẖqÄ«q oleh Ahmad ‘Abd ar-Rahim. QÄhirah: Maktabah ats-TsaqÄfah ad-DÄ« niyyah.
Al-Buthi, M. S. R. (2003). Al-Ḫikam al-Athaiyyah: Syarẖ wa at-Takhlil. Damaskus: DÄr al-Fikr.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. M. A. (2010). BidÄyah al-HidÄyah. DitaẖqÄ«q oleh Alwi Abu Bakar Muhammad al-Qaf. Jakarta: DÄr al-Kutub al-IslÄmiyyah.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. M. A. (2010). KimiyÄ’ as-Sa’Ädah. Qahirah: DÄr al-Muqatham.
Ali, Y. (2002). Spiritualisme Ibadah: Memahami Keindahan dan Kedalaman Makna Shalat, Puasa, Zakat, dan Haji. Jakarta: Qaf.
Al-Jailani, ‘A. A. (2018).Sirr al-AsrÄr wa Mudhhir al-AnwÄr RisÄlah fÄ« at-Tashawwu. DitahqÄ« q oleh Aẖmad ‘Abd ar-Raẖīm. Mesir: Maktabah ats-TsaqÄfah ad-DÄ« niyyah.
Al-KalÄbÄdhi, A. B. M. I. (2004). Al-Ta'arruf li Madhhab Ahl al-Tashawwuf. DitaẖqÄ«q oleh ‘Abd al-ḪalÄ«m MaẖmÅ«d. QÄhirah: Maktabah al-TsaqÄfah ad-DÄ«niyyah, 2004.
Al-Kasyani, ‘A. R. (1992). Ishthilâẖât ash-Shûfiyyah. Mesir: Dâr al-Manâr.
Al Walid, K. (2005). Tasawuf Mulla Shadra: Konsep IttihÄd al-‘Āqil wa al-Ma’qÈ—l dalam Epstemologi Filsafat dan Makrifat Ilahiyyah. Bandung: Muthahhari Press.
As-SarrÄj, A. N. A. A. (2007). Al-Luma' fÄ« TÄrÄ«kh al-Tashawwuf al-IslÄmÄ«. DitaẖqÄ«q oleh KÄmil MushthafÄ al-HindawÄ«. Beirut: DÄr al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyah.
Azra, A. (2013). Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Bagir, H. (2019). Islam Risalah Cinta dan Kebahagian. Jakarta: Noura.
Bagir, H. (2019). Mengenal Tasawuf: Spiritualisme dalam Islam. Jakarta: Noura.
Carnegie, D. (2019). Petunjuk Hidup Bebas Stres dan Cemas. Penj, Fairano Ilyas. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Darat, S. (2016). Syarah Al-Hikam. Depok: Sahifa.
Darmawan. (2020). “Interpretasi Esoteris Jihad dalam Tafsir Ibn ‘Arabi: Ta'wÄ«lÄt al-Kasyaniâ€. Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies. Vol 9, No 1.
Darmawan. (2022). Puasa Sufistik: Mereguk Pesan-Pesan Batin Ibadah Puasa. Depok: Nuralwala.
Frager, R. (1999). Heart, Self, and Soul: The Sufi Psychology of Growth, Balance, and Harmony. Wheaton: The Theosophical Publishing House.
Hamim, K. (2016). “Kebahagiaan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an dan Filsafatâ€. Tasamuh, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016.
Hamka. (2016). Perkembangan dan Permunian Tasawuf dari Masa Nabi Muhammad saw. Hingga Sufi-sufi Besar. Jakarta: Republika.
IshfahÄni, H. M. R. (n.d.). MufradÄt AlfÄz al-Qur’Än. Beirut: DÄr al-Qalam.
James, W. (2004). Perjumpaan dengan Tuhan: Ragam Pengalaman Religius Manusia. Penj, Gunawan Admiranto. Bandung: Mizan.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2021). Kemenkes Beberkan Masalah Permasalahan Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. Retrieved 5 December 2022, from Kementerian Kesehatan RI website: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/print/21100700003/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia.html.
Muthahhari, M. (2013). Manusia Sempurna. Penj. Arif Mulyadi. Yogyakarta: Rausyan Fikr Institute.
Noer, K. A. (Ed.). (2015).Warisan Agung Tasawuf: Mengenal Karya-Karya Besar Para Sufi. Jakarta: Sadra Press.
Prihatini, Z. (2022). WHO: Hampir 1 Miliar Orang di Dunia Alami Gangguan Kesehatan Mental Halaman all. Retrieved 5 December 2022, from KOMPAS.com website: https://www.kompas.com/sains/read/2022/06/20/193000823/who--hampir-1-miliar-orang-di-dunia-alami-gangguan-kesehatan-mental.
Rahman, F. (2017). Islam. Bandung: Mizan.
Rakhmat, J. (2012). Meraih Kebahagiaan. Bandung: Simbiosa Rekatama Media.
Rumi, J. (1378). Matsnawi-e. Teheran: IntisyÄrÄt Ruzaneh.
Russell, B. (2020).The Conquest of Happiness. Yogyakarta: Diva Press.
Sugono, D. (2008). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Tim Riskesdas. (2019). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Yasin, B. S. (2021). Berbagi Kebahagiaan: Mengenal Maqam-Maqam Tasawuf. Tangerang: Pustaka IIMaN.
.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
