Perubahan Mutu Fisiologis dan Biokimia Benih Hanjeli pada Berbagai Kadar Air Awal Selama Penyimpanan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/j.agro.56058Keywords:
Biokimia, Coix lacryma-jobi L., Fisiologis, Kadar Air, PenyimpananAbstract
The moisture content of stored seeds is a key factors determining shelf life by preventing deterioration that causes physiological and biochemical seed changes. This study aims to determine the effect of initial seed moisture content on the physiological and biochemical properties of hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) seeds during three months of open storage. Initial moisture contents were 14, 12, and 10%. Physiological parameters included germination, vigor index, T50, and electrical conductivity, while biochemical parameters included MDA and lipid content. These were evaluated at 0 and 3 months post-storage to assess changes in seed quality using Duncan’s multiple range test and t-tests. This study employed a completely randomized design with 3 replicates. The results showed that initial moisture content of the seeds affects the physiological and biochemical quality of hanjeli seeds after storage. The 10% moisture content treatment exhibited the lowest quality, with highest increases in DHL and MDA; the DHL value rose from 0.0404 to 0.0691 μS cm⁻¹ g⁻¹ at 3 BSP. Germination decreased from 81.67 to 58.77%, as did the vigor index and lipid content. The 14% moisture content, the increase in MDA did not yet show a real effect on the decline in the physiological and biochemical quality of the seeds; there was no drastic decrease in vigor or germination rate. Determining the initial moisture content of storage and the 14% moisture content is important to prevent seed damage early in storage, presumably caused by excessive drying. Further research is needed on storage techniques to maintain moisture content.
Keywords: Biochemical, Coix lacryma-jobi L., Physiology, Storage, Water Content
ABSTRAK
Kadar air benih simpan merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan umur simpan benih untuk mencegah terjadinya deteriorasi yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan fisiologis dan biokimia benih. Penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar air awal benih terhadap fisiologis dan biokimia benih hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) selama penyimpanan. Adapun tingkat kadar air awal pada penelitian ini adalah 14, 12, dan 10% sebagai perlakuan yang disimpan selama tiga bulan secara open storage. Pengamatan fisiologis benih yaitu daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, T50 dan daya hantar listrik, serta pengamatan biokimia yaitu MDA dan Lemak yang dievaluasi 0 dan 3 bulan setelah penyimpanan untuk menilai perubahan kualitas benih menggunakan uji duncan dan uji t. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kadar air awal benih mempengaruhi kualitas fisiologis dan biokimia benih hanjeli setelah penyimpanan. Kadar air 10% menunjukkan kualitas benih paling rendah dengan indikator nilai DHL dan MDA yang mengalami peningkatan paling tinggi yaitu nilai DHL semula 0,0404 μS cm-1 g-1 menjadi 0,0691 μS cm-1 g-1 pada 3 BSP. Daya berkecambah mengalami penurunan dari 81,67 menjadi 58,77% demikian juga indeks vigor, dan kandungan lipid. Pada perlakuan kadar air 14% peningkatan MDA yang terjadi belum menunjukkan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap penurunan kualitas fisiologis dan biokimia benih, tidak mengalami penurunan vigor dan daya berkecambah yang drastis. Pentingnya penentuan kadar air awal penyimpanan dan kadar air 14% dapat menghindari kerusakan benih di awal penyimpanan yang diduga disebabkan pengeringan. Penelitian selanjutnya yang diperlukan adalah teknik penyimpanan untuk mempertahankan kadar air simpan.
Kata kunci: Biokimia, Coix lacryma-jobi L., Fisiologis, Kadar Air, Penyimpanan
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Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Kadapi, Monica Christina Natalia, Anne Nuraini, Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono, Happy Suryati
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