Sunscreen Activity Determination on Hippobroma Longiflora Leaves Extracts Affected to Differences in Simplicia Treatments and Extraction Techniques


Awaly Ilham Dewantoro(1*), Selly Harnesa Putri(2), Efri Mardawati(3), Desy Nurliasari(4)

(1) Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(2) Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(3) Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(4) Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Various weeds in paddy rice fields could be utilized as natural polyphenols sources, one of them was kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don). Kitolod was widely utilized as traditional medicine by several community groups because of its polyphenols content. Recent trends showed kitolod could be valorized as additive matters in sunscreen products. Polyphenols content, especially flavonoids were able to absorb dangerous spectrum in sunray radiation and it is related to sunscreen activity. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in simplicia treatments and extraction techniques towards total polyphenols content and sunscreen activity on kitolod leaf extracts. Solvent-cold extraction techniques were deployed in this study that consist of water infusion and ethanolic maceration for 24 hours at ambient temperature. Extracts were analyzed by spectrophotometric measurement to determine total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and sunscreen activity by deploying Folin-Ciocalteu assay, AlCl3 colorimetric assay, and Mansur approached assay, respectively. Dry kitolod leaves were extracted by ethanolic maceration techniques provided high yields (15.5±0.3%), high TPC (17.9±0.3 mg GAE/g of solids), high TFC (25.9±0.4 mg QE/g of solids), and moderate sunscreen activity (SPF 11.0±0.1). The results indicated kitolod could be valorized as natural polyphenols sources and additive matters in any cosmetical sunscreen products.


Keywords


Infusion; Kitolod; Maceration; Polyphenols Content; SPF.

Full Text:

PDF

References


[1] G.R. Egarani, S. Kasmiyati, and E.B.E. Kristiani, “The antioxidant content and activity of various plants organs of kitolod (Isotoma longiflora)”, Biosaintifika, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 297–303, 2020, doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23888.

[2] I. Gutiérrez-del-río et al., “Plant nutraceuticals as antimicrobial agents in food preservation: terpenoids, polyphenols and thiols”, Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, vol. 52, pp. 309–315, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.024.

[3] N.K. Lestaridewi, M. Jamhari, and I. Isnainar, “Kajian Pemanfaatan Tanaman sebagai Obat Tradisional di Desa Tolai Kecamatan Torue Kabupaten Parigi Moutong”, e-JIP BIOL, vol. 5, no. 2, 2017.

[4] Elfrida, N.S. Tarigan, and A.B. Suwardi, “Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by community in Jambur Labu Village, East Aceh, Indonesia”, Biodiversitas, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 2893–2900, 2021, doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d220741.

[5] A.I. Dewantoro, S.H. Putri, and E. Mardawati, “Analisis kualitatif kandungan senyawa polifenol pada daun herba kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don) dan potensi pemanfaatannya sebagai sumber polifenol alami”, Agrointek, J. Teknol. Ind. Pertan., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 412–419, 2022, doi: 10.21107/agrointek.v16i3.13235.

[6] N.W. Martiningsih, I.W. Mudianta, and I.A. P. Suryanti, “Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Hippobroma longiflora extracts”, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 1115, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1115/1/012078.

[7] A. Permana et al., “Artikel review: Fitokimia dan farmakologi tumbuhan kitolod (Isotoma longiflora Presi)”, Buana Farma, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 22–35, 2022.

[8] H.A. Simanjuntak, “Antibacterial activity of ethhanolic extract of kitolod (Hippobromalongiflora) leaf againts Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi”, Asian J. Pharm. Res. Dev., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 52–54, 2020, doi: 10.22270/ajprd.v8i1.660.

[9] A.R. Zarta, F. Ariyani, W. Suwinarti, I.W. Kusuma, and E. T. Arung, “Short communication: Identification and evaluation of bioactivity in-forest plants used for medicinal purposes by the Kutai community of East Kalimantan, Indonesia”, Biodiversitas, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 253–259, 2018, doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d190134.

[10] A.P. Sabrina, E. Tania, S. Nuryamah, and N. Yuniarsih, “The potential of natural ingredients as sunscreen: A narrative literature review”, Open Access Indones. J. Med. Rev., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 265–269, 2022, doi: 10.37275/oaijmr.v2i4.221 1.

[11] D. Savira and D. Iskandar, “Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L) G.Don) sebagai bahan aktif sediaan tabir surya”, J. Kim. Ris., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 44–48, 2020, doi: 10.20473/jkr.v5i1.19680.

[12] S. Saric and R.K. Sivamani, “Polyphenols and sunburn”, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 1–22, 2016, doi: 10.3390/ijms17091521.

[13] A. Amini, C.D. Hamdin, W.A. Subaidah, and H. Muliasari,

“Efektivitas formula krim tabir surya berbahan aktif ekstrak etanol biji wali (Brucea javanica L. Merr)”, J. Kefarmasian Indones., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 50–58, 2020, doi: 10.22435/jki.v10i1.2066.

[14] D.P. Kusumanti, N.A. Sayuti, and I. As, “Aktivitas tabir surya formula bedak dingin jawa”, IJPST, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2017, doi: 10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.12156.

[15] M. Fazil, R.N. Suci, F. Allfiah, D.N. Alam, G. Angelia, and B. Situmeang, “Analisis senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid dari ekstrak kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri penyebab karies gigi”, J. ITEKIMA, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 73–83, 2017.

[16] N.N. Azwanida, “A review on the extraction methods use in medicinal plants, principle, strength and limitation”, Med. Aromat. Plants, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1–6, 2015, doi: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000196.

[17] A.D. Puspitasari, D.A.K. Mulangsri, and Herlina, “Formulasi krim tabir surya ekstrak etanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) untuk kesehatan kulit”, Media Penelit. dan Pengemb. Kesehat., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 263–270, 2018, doi: 10.22435/mpk.v288i4.524.

[18] M. Plaza, G. Domínguez-rodríguez, M. Castro-puyana, and M.L. Marina, “Polyphenols analysis and related challenges”, in Polyphenols: Properties, Recovery, and Applications, C. M. Galanakis, Ed. Elsevier Inc., 2018, pp. 177–232. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-813572-3.00006-3.

[19] S. Luliana, N.U. Purwanti, and K.N. Manihuruk, “Pengaruh cara pengeringan simplisia daun senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil)”, Pharm. Sci. Res., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 120–129, 2016.

[20] H.F. Aritonang, H. Koleangan, and A.D. Wuntu, “Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of medicinal plants’ (Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara) fresh leaves and analysis of antimicrobial activity”, Int. J. Microbiol., vol. 2019, pp. 1–8, 2019, doi: 10.1155/2019/8642303.

[21] A.N. Rosidah, P.E. Lestari, and P. Astuti, “Daya antibakteri ekstrak daun kendali (Hippobrima longiflora [L] G. Don) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans”, Artik. Ilm. Has. Penelit. Mhs., 2014.

[22] M. Al-Owaisi, N. Al-Hadiwi, and S.A. Khan, “GC-MS analysis, determination of total phenolics, flavonoid content and free radical scavenging activities of various crude extracts of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori leaves”, Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 964–970, 2014, doi: 10.12980/APJTB.4.201414B295.

[23] A. Blainski, G.C. Lopes, and J.C.P. de Mello, “Application and analysis of the Folin Ciocalteu method for the determination of the total phenolic content from Limonium brasiliense L.”, Molecules, vol. 18, pp. 6852–6864, 2013, doi: 10.3390/molecules18066852.

[24] I.Y. Ningsih, S. Zulaikhah, M.A. Hidayat, and B. Kuswandi, “Antioxidant activity of various kenitu (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) leaves extracts from Jember, Indonesia”, Agric. Agric. Sci. Procedia, vol. 9, pp. 378–385, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.153.

[25] E.S. Prasedya et al., “Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract”, Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95769-y.

[26] I. Hasbay and C.M. Galanakis, “Recovery technologies and encapsulation techniques”, in Polyphenols: Properties, Recovery, and Applications, C. Galanakis, Ed. Elsevier Inc., 2018, pp. 233–264. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-813572-3.00007-5.

[27] P. Riwanti, F. Izazih, and Amaliyah, “Pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi etanol pada kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 50, 70 dan 96% Sargassum polycystum dari Madura”, J. Pharm. Care Anwar Med., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 35–48, 2020, doi: 10.36932/jpcam.v2i2.1.

[28] A.N. Panche, A.D. Diwan, and S.R. Chandra, “Flavonoids: an overview”, J. Nutr. Sci., vol. 5, pp. 1–15, 2016, doi: 10.1017/jns.2016.41.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/ak.v9i2.20502

Copyright (c) 2023 Awaly Ilham Dewantoro, Selly Harnesa Putri, Efri Mardawati, Desy Nurliasari

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

CrossrefSINTAGoogle ScholarIndonesia One Search

View My Stats

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.