Potensi bakteri pelarut P dan Penambat N rhizosper kelapa sawit gambut saprik


Ida Nur Istina(1*), Happy Widiastuti(2), Benny Joy(3)

(1) Riau Assesment Institution for Agricultural Technology, Indonesia
(2) ,  
(3) ,  
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pemanfaatan pupuk hayati sangat berpotensi untuk menurunkan input produksi pada budidaya kelapa sawit khususnya pupuk. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Bakteri Pelarut P dan Penambat N yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pupuk hayati dari rizosfer tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan gambut saprik Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau dari bulan Juni sampai November 2014. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan menggunakan bor gambut pada bagian rizosfer dengan kedalaman sampai 20 cm. Isolasi dan karakterisasi dengan metode pure plate menggunakan media selektif N Ashby untuk penambatan N dan Pikovskaya untuk pelarutan P, sedangkan analisis fiksasi N dan pelarutan P dilakukan menggunakan HPLC dan spektrofotometer di Laboratorium mikrobiologi PT. RPN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah gambut saprik berpotensi sebagai sumber isolat bakteri pelarut P dan penambat N potensial. Jumlah isolat bakteri pelarut P yang berhasil diperoleh adalah 11 isolat sedangkan jumlah bakteri penambat N non-simbiotik adalah 6 isolat. Isolat bakteri pelarut P potensial asal Sungai Ara dengan kemampuan melarutkan P 329,94 ppm; sedangkan bakteri penambat N non-simbiotik potensial adalah asal Kuala Panduk dengan kemampuan fiksasi N 0,0293 mmol l-1jam-1.

 

ABSTRACT

Utilization of biofertilizer is potential to decrease production inputs on oil palm cultivation, especially fertilizer expense. The research aimed to obtain Solubilizing P-Bacteria and Non-Symbiotic Fixing N bacteria which potential as biological fertilizer from oil palm rhyzosphere. The research was conducted at Pelalawan sapric peat soil from June to November 2014. Soil samples were taken by using peat drill into 20 cm soil depth, while isolation and characterization used pure plate method by using the selective media N Ashby for N fixation and Pikovskaya for P solubility. N fixation and P dissolution analyzed by using HPLC and spectrophotometer at PT. RPN microbiology laboratory. The results showed that sapric peat soil potentially utilize as microbial resource. The number of phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolates were 11 isolates, while the number of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation bacteria inhibiting N Azotobacter sp. were 6 isolates. The potential isolate of P-solubilizing bacteria was Sungai Ara origin with the ability to dissolve P about 329.94 ppm; while the potential of non-symbiotic N-fixing bacteria was Kuala Panduk origin with N fixation ability 0.0293 mmoll-1h-1.


Keywords


bakteri, pemupukan, tanah gambut

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/5776

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