Local Tradition and Harmony among Religious Adherents: the Dominant Culture of Hindu-Muslim Relation in Jembrana Bali


Saihu Saihu(1*)

(1) Institut PTIQ Jakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study discusses the harmony of Hindu-Muslim’s local traditions in Jembrana, western Bali. This anthropology study employs Bruner's dominant cultural theory approach to see the practice of harmony in local communities. This study focuses on several local Hindu-Muslim traditions in Jembrana, which reflect harmony among religious communities, namely the tradition of ngejot, makepung, male, and rebana (tambourine). The ethnographic study confirms the importance of respect for the dominant culture carried out by the Muslim minority when implementing their religious traditions. Although the tradition of male and rebana, for instance, are Islamic traditions, Balinese Muslims adapted to Balinese customs as the dominant culture. They understood their positions to maintain and respect the dominant Balinese culture performed by the majority of Hindus in Jembrana. Balinese Hindus tried to show an excellent response to the Muslims by involving them in the local Balinese tradition even with the adaptation of their rituals. It is a wealth of local tradition that shows religious harmony portrait in Indonesia.

Keywords


local tradition; dominant culture; harmony; Hindu; Muslim

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abela, A. M. (2004). Solidarity and religion in the European Union: A comparative sociological perspective. The Value (s) of a Constitution for Europe, 71–101.

Aliffiati, A. (2014). Interaksi Sosial Antarumat Beragama di Perumahan Bumi Dalung Permai Desa Dalung, Kuta Utara, Badung. Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies), 4(1).

Anggariyana, I. K., Sunu, I. G. K. A., & Sanjaya, D. B. (2019). Tradisi Makepung dalam Pemertahanan Budaya Lokal di Kabupaten Jembrana. Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, 7(2), 44–54.

Arif, M. (2019). A Mosque in a Thousand Temple Island: Local Wisdom of Pegayaman Muslim Village in Preserving Harmony in Bali. Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya, 4(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.15575/jw.v4i1.4809

Armini, G. A. (2017). Toleransi Masyarakat Multi Etnis dan Multi Agama dalam Organisasi Subak di Bali. Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah Dan Budaya, 5(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v5i1.152

Arshiniwati, N. M. (2003). Tari Makepung: Sebuah Refleksi Tradisi Budaya Masyarakat Jembrana. Mudra, 12(2), 1–7.

Bagus, M. I. (2014). Ethnicity, Religion and the Economic Imperative: Some Case Studies from the Fringes of West Bali. In B. Hauser-Schaublin & D. D. Harnish (Eds.), Between Harmony and Discrimination: Negotiating Religious Identities within Majority-Minority Relationship in Bali and Lombok. Brill.

Baharun, H. (2018). Tradisi Ngejot: Sebuah Ekspresi Keharmonisan Dan Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama Dengan Dakwah Bil Hal. Fenomena: Jurnal Penelitian, 10(1), 1–26.

Bappeda dan Penanaman Modal Pemerintah Kabupaten Jembarana. (2011). Profil Kabupaten Jembrana tahun 2011. Bappeda dan Penanaman Modal Pemerintah Kabupaten Jembarana.

Basyir, K. (2016). Membangun Kerukunan Antarumat Beragama berbasis Budaya Lokal Menyama Braya di Denpasar Bali. Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama, 6(2), 186–206. https://doi.org/10.15642/religio.v6i2.603

Basyir, K. (2018). Cultural Cooperation and Dialogue between Muslims and Hindus in Bali. Prajñā Vihāra, 19(1).

Bruner, E.M. (1974). The Expression of Ethnicity in Indonesia. In A. Cohen (Ed.), Urban Ethnicity. Tavistock.

Bruner, Edward M. (1961). Urbanization and Ethnic Identity in North Sumatra. American Anthropologist, 63(3), 508–521. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1961.63.3.02a00040

Budiwanti, E. (1995). The Crescent Behind The Thousand Holy Temples. An Ethnographic Study of the Minority Muslims of Pegayaman North Bali. Gadjah Mada University Press.

Butler, D. (2016). Living prayer: Its contributions for the world’s ecosystems and interreligious harmony. Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies), 6(1), 81–118.

Creese, H. (1991). Balinese babad as historical sources; A reinterpretation of the fall of Gèlgèl. Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land-En Volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 147(2–3), 236–260.

Dharmayuda, I. M. S. (1995). Kebuayaan Bali: Pra Hindu, Masa Hindu, dan Pasca Hindu. Kayumas Agung.

Eko, B. S., & Putranto, H. (2019). The Role of Intercultural Competence and Local Wisdom in Building Intercultural and Inter-religious Tolerance. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 48(4), 341–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2019.1639535

Fahham, A. M. (2018). Dinamika Hubungan Antarumat Beragama: Pola Hubungan Muslim dan Hindu di Bali. Jurnal Aspirasi, 9(1), 65–84.

Geertz, C. (1973). Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight. In C. Geertz (Ed.), The Interpretation of Cultures, Selected Essays by Clifford Geertz. Basic Books, Inc., Publishers.

Hardianta, I. K. S., Sudiatmaka, K., Si, M., Sanjaya, D. B., & Si, M. (2015). Identifikasi Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter Pada Tradisi Makepung Sebagai Sumber Belajar PPKn Di SMP N 4 Mendoyo (studi kasus di Desa Pakraman Delod Berawah Kecamatan Mendoyo, Kabupaten Jembrana, Bali). Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, 3(1).

Hatherell, M., & Welsh, A. (2017). Rebel with a Cause: Ahok and Charismatic Leadership in Indonesia. Asian Studies Review, 41(2), 174–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2017.1293006

Hauser-Schäublin, B. (2004). Bali Aga and Islam: Ethnicity, Ritual Practice, and Old-Balinese as an Anthropological Construct. Indonesia, 77, 27–55.

Hauser-Schäublin, B. (2007). Rivalling Rituals, Challenged Identities: Accusations Of Ritual Mistakes As An Expression Of Power Struggles In Bali (Indonesia). In When Rituals go Wrong: Mistakes, Failure, and the Dynamics of Ritual (pp. 245–271). BRILL. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004158115.i-377.87

Hauser-Schäublin, B., & Harnish, D. D. (2014). Between harmony and discrimination: Negotiating religious identities within majority-minority relationships in Bali and Lombok. Brill.

Jannah, S. R. (2017). Kegalauan Identitas: Dilema Hubungan Muslimin dan Hindu di Bali. Ulumuna, 16(2), 443–464. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v16i2.186

Karim, M. A. (2016). Toleransi UmaT Beragama di desa loloan, Jembrana, Bali (ditinjau dari Perspektif sejarah). Analisis: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 16(1), 1–32.

Kartini, I. (2017). Dinamika Kehidupan Minoritas Muslim di Bali. Masyarakat Indonesia, 37(2), 115–145.

Lestawi, I. N. (2012). Pola Interaksi Komunitas Hindu-Islam: Studi Kasus Kerukunan Antarumat Beragama di Dusun Batu Gambir Desa Pakraman Julah Tejakula Buleleng.

Lon, Y. S., & Widyawati, F. (2019). Food and Local Social Harmony: Pork, Communal Dining, and Muslim-Christian Relations in Flores, Indonesia. Studia Islamika, 26(3), 445–474.

Maknun, M. L. (2018). Harmoni Hindu-Muslim Berbasis Tradisi Lisan Sejarah Desa Saren Budakeling Karangasem Bali. FIKRAH, 6(2), 341. https://doi.org/10.21043/fikrah.v6i2.4005

Miichi, K. (2019). Urban Sufi and politics in contemporary Indonesia: the role of dhikr associations in the anti-‘Ahok’ rallies. South East Asia Research, 27(3), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/0967828X.2019.1667110

Nordholt, H. S. (1996). The Spell of Power: A History of Balinese Politics 1650-1940. KITLV Press.

Nordholt, H. S. (2007). Bali: An Open Fortress, 1995-2005: Regional Autonomy, Electoral Democracy and Entrenched Identities. NUS Press.

Pageh, I. M. (2018). Kearifan Sistem Religi Lokal dalam Mengintegrasikan Umat Hindu-Islam di Bali. Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha, 3(2), 88. https://doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v3i2.19411

Pemerintah Kabupaten Jembrana. (2011). Profil Kabupaten Jembrana tahun 2011. Pemerintah Kabupaten Jembrana.

Rusmayani, R., & Gunawan, A. H. (2018). Hubungan Mayoritas Hindu Bali terhadap Minoritas Muslim (Studi Toleransi Puri Pemecutan Terhadap Komunitas Minoritas Muslim di Kampung Bugis Serangan, Denpasar-Bali). Ngabari: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial, 11(1), 16–36.

Sabarudin, & Arif, M. (2019). Kerukunan Hidup antar Umat Beragama berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Kampung Loloan, Jembrana, Bali. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 14(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v14i1.1722

Saihu, S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Kearifan Lokal (Studi di Jembrana Bali). Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 8(01), 69–90.

Saihu, S., & Şahin, C. (2020). The Harmonious Dialectics Between Hindu-Muslim in Bali (A Study in Jembrana Regency). RELIGIA, 23(1), 56–80. https://doi.org/10.28918/religia.v23i1.2163

Sastrodiwiryo, S. (1995). Beberapa Faktor Penting dalam Hubungan Hindu-Islam di Bali: Sebuah Tinjauan Historis. In I. B. Mantra, U. Wiryatnaya, & J. Couteau (Eds.), Bali di Persimpangan Jalan: Sebuah Bunga Rampai. Nusa Data Indo Budaya,.

Setara Insitute. (2017). Ringkasan Eksekutif Indeks Kota Toleran (IKT) Tahun 2017. Setara Institute. http://setara-institute.org/indeks-kota-toleran-tahun-2017/

Sila, M. A. (2017). Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Indonesia: Mengelola Keragaman dari Dalam. In I. A. Fauzi (Ed.), Kebebasan, Toleransi dan Terorisme: Riset dan Kebijakan Agama di Indonesia. Pusat Studi Agama dan Demokrasi, Yayasan Paramadina.

Spradley, J. P. (2016). The thnographic interview. Waveland Press.

Sukerna, I. N., & Bandem, I. M. (2001). Gamelan Jegog: Ansambel bambu di Kabupaten Jembrana Bali. Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Sumiati, D. (2017). Intercultural Communication Based on Local Wisdom That Made the People of Bali Reject Sharia Tourism. Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 1(2), 137–146.

Suparlan, P. (2014). Kemajemukan, hipotesis kebudayaan dominan dan kesukubangsaan. Antropologi Indonesia.

Suprapto, S. (2017). Sasak Muslims And Interreligious Harmony: Ethnographic Study of the Perang Topat Festival in Lombok-Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 11(1), 77–98.

Suwindia, I. G. (2012). Relasi Islam dan Hindu Perspektif Masyarakat Bali. Al-Ulum, 12(1), 53–76.

Varshney, A. (2012). Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India. Yale University Press.

Vickers, A. (1987). Hinduism and Islam in Indonesia: Bali and the Pasisir World. Indonesia, 44, 30. https://doi.org/10.2307/3351220

Vltchek, A. (2012). Indonesia, Archipelago of Fear. Pluto Press.

Wikan, U. (1990). Managing Turbulent Hearts: A Balinese Formula for Living. The University of Chicago Press.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jw.v5i1.8029

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Saihu Saihu

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.



Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya is Indexed By:

DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journal) Dimensions Moraref Crossref SINTA Portal Garuda Indonesian Scientific Journal Database (ISJD) Google ScholarIndonesia One Search
------------

 

View My Stats

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.